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1.
中等强度运动对大鼠心室肌蛋白质组差异表达的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:探讨4周中等强度运动后大鼠左、右室肌蛋白质组的差异性表达,初步筛选出心脏在运动反应与适应过程中的目标蛋白质;方法:将18只雄性SD大鼠随机分为实验组和平行对照组(n=9)。实验组经4周中等负荷强度(70%V.O2max～80%V.O2max)跑台训练后,与对照组一起,提取左、右室肌组织的全蛋白样品。进行2-DE蛋白样品分离,采用PD-Quest软件进行图像分析和数据采集。选择运动后差异表达量≥10倍的备选目标蛋白点,进行胶內原位酶解与一、二级质谱鉴定;结果:运动后左、右心室差异表达量≥10倍的蛋白质点共24个,取其中9个点,经一、二级质谱鉴定出ATP合酶偶合因子6、葡萄糖调节蛋白78、烯酰辅酶A水合酶、ATP合酶α亚基、丙酮酸脱氢酶E1α1、硒联蛋白1、类似信号增殖关联蛋白1和丝氨酸精氨酸前体-mRNA拼接因子SR-A1以及一个分子量为116kDa的未知蛋白;结论:1)实验大鼠在心脏重塑过程中,左、右室肌蛋白质组发生了显著的变化。2)成功筛选出在运动医学领域中尚未涉足的8种目标蛋白,其表达量发生的适应性变化表明,在中等强度运动下,会引起心肌能量代谢水平的提高、心肌应激反应与适应能力的增强、血压调节能力的改善等一系列有益变化。 相似文献
2.
急性大强度力竭运动大鼠骨骼肌比较蛋白质组学研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
研究目的运用蛋白质组学的理论和方法研究急性大强度力竭运动大鼠骨骼肌蛋白质表达特征。方法10只雄性SD大鼠随机按体重配对分为安静组(5只)和运动组(5只)。运动组大鼠按Bedford大强度运动模型运动至力竭,力竭后3h和安静组大鼠同时断头处死,提取后肢腓肠肌全蛋白质做双向凝胶电泳。结果用bio-radPDquest软件对电泳图谱进行分析,安静组和运动组各获得667±35和572±28个蛋白质点,在运动组中出现新增和缺失的蛋白质点,同时还出现蛋白质表达上调和下调的蛋白质点。对表达差异的蛋白质点做MALDI-TOF-TOF质谱分析,鉴定出7个运动后表达差异的蛋白质。结论大鼠大强度力竭运动后蛋白质发生了质和量的变化,为更加深入地研究运动性疲劳打下了良好的基础。 相似文献
3.
目的:运用比较蛋白质组学方法研究耐力训练与对照组大鼠下丘脑蛋白质组表达图谱.方法:16只雄性SD大鼠随机按体重配对分为安静对照组(8只)、耐力训练组(8只).运动后30min和安静对照组大鼠同时断头处死,提取下丘脑全蛋白质做双向凝胶电泳,应用质谱鉴定差异表达的蛋白.结果:安静组和运动组各获得801±37和783±32个蛋白质点,蛋白质点的匹配率为77.38%,应用质谱鉴定了8种结构明确的蛋白质,分别为代谢酶、抗氧化酶、细胞骨架蛋白、热休克蛋白、信号传导蛋白以及一个未知功能的蛋白质.结论:应用比较蛋白质组学技术能够发现耐力训练大鼠下丘脑蛋白质组表达的变化,为研究运动对下丘脑代谢与神经内分泌功能的影响提供依据与参考. 相似文献
4.
目的:通过蛋白质组学研究手段分析重复大强度运动对骨骼肌损伤修复过程中蛋白质组表达情况,并从蛋白质组变异角度分析重复运动对骨骼肌损伤修复可能的作用机制;方法:72只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、一次离心运动组及一周后重复运动组.对照组不运动,其余组大鼠进行下坡跑,速度为18 m/min,坡度-16°,运动时间为30 min后休息5min,再运动30 min.运动时间共60 min.重复运动在一次运动后一周后进行.在运动后即刻、24 h、48 h、72h、168h取股四头肌进行蛋白质提取、双向电泳及特异蛋白质鉴定,并按照蛋白质功能对特异蛋白质进行分类;结果:重复运动后的修复过程中,能量代谢相关蛋白和细胞损伤修复相关蛋白表达在重复运动组中主要表现为下调为主,特别是在运动后0～72h之间.重复运动组中骨骼肌细胞结构蛋白0～24 h内上调和下调数目无明显差异,在72h时,下调数目明显多于上调蛋白数目.损伤修复过程中表达变化的蛋白质中,能量代谢相关蛋白有异柠檬酸脱氢酶、磷酸葡萄糖变位酶、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸脱氢酶、血色素结合蛋白、丙酮酸脱氢酶、磷酸丙糖异构酶,细胞损伤修复相关蛋白有泛素羧基末端水解酶、免疫球蛋白λ轻链、胞内氯离子通道蛋白、蛋白磷酸酶2C蛋白、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶、双功能过氧化物酶等表达活跃,骨骼肌细胞结构蛋白有热休克蛋白、内质网驻地蛋白、角蛋白、肌球蛋白、线粒体内膜蛋白等.结论:重复运动后能量代谢关键酶表达,加速损伤细胞能量供应,同时在24h-48h之间进行可以减缓骨骼肌收缩蛋白降解、清除自由基、加快细胞胞吞、减缓炎症反应从而加快骨骼肌损伤修复. 相似文献
5.
为了观察力竭运动应激后对小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞钾离子通道表达以及对细胞调节性容积减少(regulatory volume decrease,RVD)的影响,探讨力竭运动应激导致的免疫抑制的可能机制.复制小鼠力竭模型后从外周血中分离出T淋巴细胞,测定其淋巴细胞转化功能,采用RT-PCR、Western blot分别从基因和蛋白质水平揭示力竭运动应激对小鼠外周血T细胞Kv1.3表达的调节作用,采用细胞成像系统测定T淋巴细胞在低渗透压时细胞容积的变化.结果显示力竭运动应激小鼠T淋巴细胞功能受抑制(P＜0.05),小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞Kv1.3 mRNA和蛋白质表达水平明显下调(P＜0.05),力竭运动应激会影响RVD的调节能力.结果说明,力竭运动应激导致小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞Kv 1.3 mRNA和蛋白质表达水平明显下调,RVD调节能力下降,提示力竭运动应激条件下免疫功能的抑制可能与钾通道有关. 相似文献
6.
目的:研究自主跑轮运动对小鼠骨骼肌线粒体蛋白输入机制(protein import machinery,PIM)组件的影响,对PIM在运动科学方面的研究进行初探,从而为运动促进健康的线粒体方面的机制研究提供新的实验依据。研究方法:选用清洁级4周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠20只,随机分为安静对照组(N组)和自主跑轮运动组(E组)。E组小鼠采用8周自主跑轮运动,在运动干预期结束,禁食12h后断颈处死,并迅速取出小鼠左、右股四头肌,用RTPCR检测线粒体PIM组件线粒体外膜转位酶(Tom 20,Tom 40)、线粒体内膜转位酶(Tim22)、VDAC3、线粒体生物发生关键分子P53,线粒体PIM伴侣分子HSPA1和内质网应激分子Bip的转录水平;用Western-blot检测P53、Tom 40、Tim22和HSPA1的蛋白表达水平。结果:自主跑轮运动对Tom 40、Tom 20、VDAC3和Bip分子的转录水平均有显著影响(P<0.05),尤其是Tom 40,但对P53和TIM22的mRNA含量没有明显影响(P>0.05);自主跑轮运动可明显增加HSPA1的蛋白表达量(P<0.05),但显著降低了Tim22的蛋白表达量(P<0.01),且跑轮运动对P53和Tom 40的蛋白表达量无明显影响(P>0.05)。结论:自主跑轮运动可增加小鼠骨骼肌线粒体PIM经典途径组件Tom 40、Tom 20、VDAC3,以及内质网应激分子Bip的转录水平,同时,自主跑轮运动亦上调了PIM伴侣分子HSPA1的蛋白表达,但下调了PIM非经典途径组件Tim22的蛋白表达,说明跑轮运动对不同的PIM途径组件可能有不同的影响。 相似文献
7.
运动性心肌肥大大鼠心肌蛋白差异表达研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
目的 应用蛋白质组学方法分析运动性心肌肥大心肌细胞蛋白表达特征.方法 雄性SD大鼠16只,分为训练组和对照组,训练组进行8周游泳训练.应用超声心动图鉴定动物模型,然后提取心肌总蛋白,应用二维凝胶电泳技术,建立分辨率高和重复性良好的凝胶图像,质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)鉴定差异蛋白点,与网络数据库进行匹配,并对鉴定蛋白进行分类.结果 运动性肥大心肌细胞有23个蛋白点表现出显著增加或减少,质谱鉴定,经数据库匹配,获得18种差异表达的蛋白质,包括与线粒体代谢相关的蛋白,骨架蛋白、信号蛋白、应激和氧化蛋白等.结论 运动诱导心肌这些代谢蛋白和结构蛋白的变化可能影响心脏的代谢、应激反应和信号途径,从而整体上提高心脏的功能. 相似文献
8.
于滢 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2016,(4):15-20
目的:观察一次离心运动对骨骼肌线粒体动力学相关蛋白的变化,并探究针刺干预对其影响.方法:将SD大鼠分为安静对照、针刺、一次离心运动和运动针刺四大组.运动方式采取下坡跑,坡度-16°,速度16m/min,时间90min;针刺方法小腿三头肌纵向从远端斜刺,进针角度约30°,进针止于小腿三头肌肌腹处,留针2min.各组又按运动后时相点分为0h、6h、12h、24h、48h和72h小组,大鼠在对应时间点取比目鱼肌进行检测.Western Blot法检测针刺干预及一次运动后不同时程后线粒体动力学相关蛋白Mfn2、Drp1的蛋白表达.结果:单纯针刺后Mfn2蛋白表达上调,Drp1在12h出现显著上调.单纯运动组Drp1在0h出现显著降低.与运动组相比较,运动针刺后Mfn2在0h、24h有显著变化.Drp1蛋白表达在0h、12h有显著变化.结论:一次离心运动早期使骨骼肌线粒体出现分裂抑制.针刺可以改善一次离心运动导致的骨骼肌线粒体动力学状态,进而影响线粒体分布与功能. 相似文献
9.
目的:探讨4周中等强度跑台运动对慢性不可预知性应激致抑郁大鼠开场实验及空间学习记忆能力、血清皮质醇和前额叶皮质(PFC)自由基代谢及c-fos表达的影响.方法:将30只大鼠随机分为对照组、应激模型组及应激运动组3组,每组10只.应激模型组及应激运动组大鼠每日进行慢性不可预知性应激1次,连续28天,同时应激运动组大鼠进行4周跑台运动.跑台运动结束后检测所有大鼠血清皮质醇水平及PF区自由基含量,运用开场实验测试大鼠主动活动能力及探索行为,Y迷宫实验测试大鼠空间学习记忆能力,采用免疫组织化学结合图像半定量方法对PF区c-fos神经元的数量、面积及灰度进行测量和分析.结果:(1)与应激模型组比较,应激运动组大鼠穿越格数、直立次数及修饰次数显著增多(P＜0.01,P＜O.05),中央格停留时间缩短(P＜0.05),粪便颗粒减少(P＜0.05);(2)与应激模型组比较,应激运动组大鼠血清皮质醇水平下降(P＜0.05),PF区SOD活性增强(P＜0.05),MDA含量下降(P＜0.05);应激运动组大鼠在Y迷宫训练中达到标准时训练时间缩短,电击次数减少(P＜0.05),Y迷宫记忆能力测试中,应激运动组大鼠错误次数少于应激模型组;(3)与应激模型组比较,应激运动组大鼠PFC区原癌基因c fos免疫阳性神经元面移积及数量表达均增加(P＜0.05),灰度值虽降低,但没有显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:长期跑台运动可提高抑郁大鼠的学习记忆能力,可能与跑台运动降低抑郁大鼠血清皮质醇水平、增强脑抗氧化能力及上调前额叶皮质c-fos的表达有关. 相似文献
10.
目的:观察急性有氧运动对PPARδ表达和相关代谢酶活性的影响,以研讨耐力训练使骨骼肌有氧代谢能力产生适应性变化的机制.方法:6周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠,体重为15±2 g,对照组8只,运动组32只.运动组以20 m/min速度在跑台上运动120 min,并在运动后的即刻、1 h、3 h和6 h分别处死8只小鼠.采用RT-PCR和Western blot方法检测骨骼肌中的PPARδ、CPT-1和BoAcDH的表达.结果:与对照组相比,运动组PPARδ的mRNA和蛋白表达量分别增加了2.3倍和1.0倍(P<0.05),CPT-1和BoAcDH的蛋白表达分别提高了1.3倍和1.9倍.结论:急性有氧运动诱导了PPARδ的过量表达,从而调控脂肪酸氧化相关酶的活性,促进骨骼肌有氧代谢能力增强,成为长期训练使肌肉产生适应性变化的基础. 相似文献
11.
蛋白质组是细胞、组织或整个有机体表达的全部蛋白质的总称,蛋白质组学是研究蛋白质组的一门新兴学科,随着人类基因组序列的完成及蛋白质组学技术的飞速发展,蛋白质组学研究已广泛应用于科学研究的各个领域,取得了令人瞩目的成绩。综述了近年来国内外肌肉蛋白质组学在体育运动学研究中所取得的进展,即运用双向凝胶电泳及质谱技术来观察体育运动中肌肉蛋白质表达水平和翻译后修饰（PTM）的改变,以便更深入了解体育运动中肌肉的生理学机制,为后续的研究提供新的思路和方法。 相似文献
12.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(1):27-33
Abstract In this study, we examined indirect markers of muscle damage and muscle soreness following a 50-km cross-country ski race completed in 2 h and 57 min to 5 h and 9 min by 11 moderately trained male university students. Maximal strength of the knee extensors, several blood markers of muscle damage and inflammation, and muscle soreness (visual analog scale: 0 = “no pain”, 50 mm = “unbearably painful”) were measured one day before, immediately after, and 24, 48, 72, and 144 h after the race. Changes in the measures over time were analysed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and a Fisher's post-hoc test. Maximal strength of the knee extensors decreased significantly (P<0.05) immediately after the race (mean ?27%, s=6), but returned to pre-exercise values within 24 h of the race. All blood markers increased significantly (P<0.05) following the race, peaking either immediately (lactate dehydrogenase: 253.7 IU · l?1, s=13.3; myoglobin: 476.4 ng · ml?1, s=85.5) or 24 h after the race (creatine kinase: 848.0 IU · l?1, s=151.9; glumatic oxaloacetic transaminase: 44.3 IU · l?1, s=4.2; aldolase: 10.0 IU · l?1, s=1.3; C-reactive protein: 0.36 IU · l?1, s=0.08). Muscle soreness developed in the leg, arm, shoulder, back, and abdomen muscles immediately after the race (10–30 mm), but decreased after 24 h (<15 mm), and disappeared 48 h after the race. These results suggest that muscle damage induced by a 50-km cross-country ski race is mild and recovery from the race does not take long. 相似文献
13.
Barbara Wessner Michael Liebensteiner Werner Nachbauer Robert Csapo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(3):354-364
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an essential role in the development, growth and repair of skeletal muscles and serves to transmit contractile force. However, its regulation is poorly understood. This study investigates the age-specificity of the effects of acute resistance exercise on ECM gene expression. To this purpose, five young (YM, 23.8?±?2.2 yrs.) and 5 elderly (EM, 66.8?±?4.1 yrs.) men performed one session of unilateral leg press and leg extension exercises. Six hours post-exercise, biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscles of both legs. A PCR array was used to profile the expression of 84 ECM-related genes, of which 6 were validated by qPCR. The PCR array found 9 and 4 ECM-associated genes to be selectively altered (>1.5-fold change) in YM or EM only. Four further genes were upregulated in YM but downregulated in EM. Of the 6 genes validated on individual samples MMP9 expression increased in YM (9.7-fold) and decreased (0.2-fold) in EM. MMP15 was downregulated in EM only (0.6-fold). A significant correlation between leg extension 1 RM and changes in COL7A1 expression (ρ?=?0.71) suggests a potential influence of fitness levels. In conclusion, acute resistance exercise affects ECM gene expression at least partly in an age-specific manner. The altered expression of genes encoding matrix metalloproteinases (MMP3, MMP9, MMP15) highlights the role of remodelling processes in the response to an acute bout of resistance exercise. Larger studies are required to verify the age-associated differences in gene expression profiles and establish their functional implications. 相似文献
14.
Alis Bonsignore Shannon S. D. Bredin Holly Wollmann Barb Morrison Andrew Jeklin Lauren Buschmann 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(4):441-446
There is inconclusive evidence concerning the effects of routine participation in ultra-endurance events on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Arterial compliance is a reliable, non-invasive, and effective tool for evaluating CVD risk. The purpose of this research was to examine if race length influences acute changes in arterial compliance following an ultra-marathon event. A total of 46 ultra-marathon runners were recruited including 21 participants (39.8?±?8.3?years, 6 females) in the 80-km event and 25 participants (43.7?±?9.8?years, 3 female) in the 195-km event. Arterial compliance was measured via radial applanation tonometry (CR-2000, HDI) for diastolic pulse contour analysis before and following the race. Significant between-group differences were found for changes in large arterial compliance with a decrease (increase in stiffness) following the 195-km event and an increase following the 80-kilometre event (p?<?.05). Longer race lengths are associated with greater reductions in large arterial compliance following recreational ultra-marathon running. Assessment of arterial compliance might be a useful prognostic tool to assess the long-term risk of CVD among ultra-marathon runners. 相似文献
15.
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2023,12(3):379-387
BackgroundCurrent protein biomarkers are only moderately predictive at identifying individuals with mild traumatic brain injury or concussion. Therefore, more accurate diagnostic markers are needed for sport-related concussion.MethodsThis was a multicenter, prospective, case-control study of athletes who provided blood samples and were diagnosed with a concussion or were a matched non-concussed control within the National Collegiate Athletic Association–Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education Consortium conducted between 2015 and 2019. The blood was collected within 48 h of injury to identify protein abnormalities at the acute and subacute timepoints. Athletes with concussion were divided into 6 h post-injury (0–6 h post-injury) and after 6 h post-injury (7–48 h post-injury) groups. We applied a highly multiplexed proteomic technique that used a DNA aptamers assay to target 1305 proteins in plasma samples from athletes with and without sport-related concussion.ResultsA total of 140 athletes with concussion (79.3% males; aged 18.71 ± 1.10 years, mean ± SD) and 21 non-concussed athletes (76.2% males; 19.14 ± 1.10 years) were included in this study. We identified 338 plasma proteins that significantly differed in abundance (319 upregulated and 19 downregulated) in concussed athletes compared to non-concussed athletes. The top 20 most differentially abundant proteins discriminated concussed athletes from non-concussed athletes with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.954 (95% confidence interval: 0.922‒0.986). Specifically, after 6 h of injury, the individual AUC of plasma erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 (EPB41) and alpha-synuclein (SNCA) were 0.956 and 0.875, respectively. The combination of EPB41 and SNCA provided the best AUC (1.000), which suggests this combination of candidate plasma biomarkers is the best for diagnosing concussion in athletes after 6 h of injury.ConclusionOur data suggest that proteomic profiling may provide novel diagnostic protein markers and that a combination of EPB41 and SNCA is the most predictive biomarker of concussion after 6 h of injury. 相似文献
16.
This investigation reports the effects of chewing caffeinated gum on race performance with trained cyclists. Twenty competitive cyclists completed two 30-km time trials that included a maximal effort 0.2-km sprint each 10-km. Caffeine (~3–4 mg · kg?1) or placebo was administered double-blind via chewing gum at the 10-km point following completion of the first sprint. Measures of power output, oxygen uptake, heart rate, lactate and perceived exertion were taken at set intervals during the time trial. Results indicated no substantial differences in any measured variables between caffeine and placebo conditions during the first 20-km of the time trial. Caffeine gum did however lead to substantial enhancements (mean ± 90% confidence limits (CLs)) in mean power during the final 10-km (3.8% ± 2.3%), and sprint power at 30-km (4.0% ± 3.6%). The increases in performance over the final 10-km were associated with small increases in heart rate and blood lactate (effect size of 0.24 and 0.28, respectively). There were large inter-individual variations in the response to caffeine, and apparent gender related differences in sprint performance. Chewing caffeine gum improves mean and sprint performance power in the final 10-km of a 30-km time trial in male and female cyclists most likely through an increase in nervous system activation. 相似文献
17.
Variable versus constant power strategies during cycling time-trials: prediction of time savings using an up-to-date mathematical model 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Swain (1997) employed the mathematical model of Di Prampero et al. (1979) to predict that, for cycling time-trials, the optimal pacing strategy is to vary power in parallel with the changes experienced in gradient and wind speed. We used a more up-to-date mathematical model with validated coefficients (Martin et al., 1998) to quantify the time savings that would result from such optimization of pacing strategy. A hypothetical cyclist (mass = 70 kg) and bicycle (mass = 10 kg) were studied under varying hypothetical wind velocities (-10 to 10 m x s(-1)), gradients (-10 to 10%), and pacing strategies. Mean rider power outputs of 164, 289, and 394 W were chosen to mirror baseline performances studied previously. The three race scenarios were: (i) a 10-km time-trial with alternating 1-km sections of 10% and -10% gradient; (ii) a 40-km time-trial with alternating 5-km sections of 4.4 and -4.4 m x s(-1) wind (Swain, 1997); and (iii) the 40-km time-trial delimited by Jeukendrup and Martin (2001). Varying a mean power of 289 W by +/- 10% during Swain's (1997) hilly and windy courses resulted in time savings of 126 and 51 s, respectively. Time savings for most race scenarios were greater than those suggested by Swain (1997). For a mean power of 289 W over the "standard" 40-km time-trial, a time saving of 26 s was observed with a power variability of 10%. The largest time savings were found for the hypothetical riders with the lowest mean power output who could vary power to the greatest extent. Our findings confirm that time savings are possible in cycling time-trials if the rider varies power in parallel with hill gradient and wind direction. With a more recent mathematical model, we found slightly greater time savings than those reported by Swain (1997). These time savings compared favourably with the predicted benefits of interventions such as altitude training or ingestion of carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks. Nevertheless, the extent to which such power output variations can be tolerated by a cyclist during a time-trial is still unclear. 相似文献
18.
R J Maughan 《Journal of sports sciences》1986,4(1):31-34
Exercise-induced muscle cramp has been considered to result from disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance resulting from excessive sweat loss. Serum biochemical and haematological measurements were made on 82 male marathon runners before and after a 42.2-km race. Fifteen (18%) of the runners reported an attack of muscle cramp which occurred after 35 +/- 6 km (mean +/- S.D.) had been covered. These subjects were not different from the others in terms of racing performance or training status. Serum electrolyte concentrations, including sodium and potassium, were not different between those suffering from cramp and those not so affected either before or after the race, although a significant (P less than 0.001) increase in serum sodium concentrations occurred in both groups. Serum bicarbonate concentrations fell to the same extent (from 28 to 24 mmol l-1) in both groups. Significant decreases in plasma volume, calculated from the changes in circulating haemoglobin and haematocrit, occurred in both groups of subjects, but there was no difference in the extent of the haemoconcentration. The results suggest that exercise-induced muscle cramp may not be associated with gross disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance. 相似文献
19.
Abstract Several recent investigations showed that the best marathon time of an individual athlete is also a strong predictor variable for the race time in a 100-km ultra-marathon. We investigated similarities and differences in anthropometry and training characteristics between 166 100-km ultra-marathoners and 126 marathoners in recreational male athletes. The association of anthropometric variables and training characteristics with race time was assessed by using bi- and multi-variate analysis. Regarding anthropometry, the marathoners had a significantly lower calf circumference (P?相似文献
20.
We investigated the associations of anthropometry, training, and pre-race experience with race time in 93 recreational male ultra-marathoners (mean age 44.6 years, s = 10.0; body mass 74.0 kg, s = 9.0; height 1.77 m, s = 0.06; body mass index 23.4 kg · m(-2), s = 2.0) in a 100-km ultra-marathon using bivariate and multivariate analysis. In the bivariate analysis, body mass index (r = 0.24), the sum of eight skinfolds (r = 0.55), percent body fat (r = 0.57), weekly running hours (r = -0.29), weekly running kilometres (r = -0.49), running speed during training (r = -0.50), and personal best time in a marathon (r = 0.72) were associated with race time. Results of the multiple regression analysis revealed an independent and negative association of weekly running kilometres and average speed in training with race time, as well as a significant positive association between the sum of eight skinfold thicknesses and race time. There was a significant positive association between 100-km race time and personal best time in a marathon. We conclude that both training and anthropometry were independently associated with race performance. These characteristics remained relevant even when controlling for personal best time in a marathon. 相似文献