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1.
Chit-Kwong Kong 《Learning Environments Research》2008,11(2):111-129
It is generally believed that classroom learning experiences very much influence students’ academic development. However,
relatively little is known about whether classroom learning experiences have much effect on students’ affective and social
development. In this study, we argued for the importance of learning experiences on students’ affective and social development.
From research on Accelerated Schools Project and active learning, we conceptualised Positive Learning Experiences, Teacher
Support in Learning, and Active Learning Experiences as three components of learning experiences and developed relevant measures
to tap these learning experiences. Using research data from a large-scale student survey in Hong Kong (N = 19,477), we examined the construct validity of learning experiences and quality of school life. Confirmatory factor analysis
provided very strong support for the measures and the underlying constructs that they tap. In two-way analysis of variance,
the effects of gender and school level (secondary versus primary) on learning experiences and quality of school life were
examined. Significant gender and school-level main effects, as well as gender by school-level interaction effects, were found
for students’ ratings of their learning experiences and quality of school life. Female students gave more favourable ratings
than male students, and primary students gave more favourable ratings than secondary students. In addition, gender differences
in these ratings in secondary schools were relatively smaller than in primary schools. In subsequent multilevel modelling,
learning experiences were strong predictors of quality of school life after controlling for the effects of gender, school
level and average school achievement. These findings provide strong empirical support for the significance of classroom learning
experiences for students’ social and affective development.
相似文献
| Chit-Kwong KongEmail: |
2.
Jennifer DeWitt Louise Archer Jonathan Osborne Justin Dillon Beatrice Willis Billy Wong 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2011,9(2):243-271
Students’ interest in studying science and their aspirations to pursue science-related careers is a topic of global concern.
In this paper, a set of data gathered for the initial phase of the 5-year study of Science Aspirations and Careers: Age 10–14
(the ASPIRES project) is presented. In the initial phase of this project, a questionnaire exploring students’ aspirations
was developed, validated and trialled with nearly 300 primary school students. Principal component analyses and Cronbach’s
alpha revealed that the questionnaire was comprised of a number of unidimensional components and that reliability was acceptable.
Further multivariate analyses indicated that students’ aspirations in science were most strongly predicted by parental attitudes
to science, attitudes towards school science, self-concept in science, images of scientists and engagement in science-related
activities outside of school. Moreover, ‘Asian’ students appeared to exhibit a highly positive set of attitudes towards science
and aspirations in science, particularly when compared with White students. Reasons for this observed difference are also
explored. 相似文献
3.
Margarida César Isolina Oliveira 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2005,20(1):29-43
Portuguese schools in urban areas became multicultural during the 90s. Some students are quite distanced from the school culture.
Many repeat grades. The curriculum emerges as a means of (re)organizing school practice, so that it is designed to foster
inclusion. It is a tool for social mediation between the culture and knowledge of teenagers, and academic ones. It shapes
the interactions between participants, cultural tools and knowledge. The principles of inclusive schooling promote the respect
for diversity, underlining the need to listen to all voices of a learning community. According to the sociocultural approach
appropriating knowledge and developing competencies is a complex process. Interactive practices shape students’ academic performances.
Collaborative project work has been used to promote students’ engagement. This action-research project developed an alternative
curriculum in a class (grades 5 and 6) from a poor and multicultural school in Lisbon. A follow-up investigated the impact
of the educational changes on the learners’ participation in school and in social practices, and on their future life. We
aim at analyzing this alternative curriculum process by focussing on students’ narratives. Results highlight improvements
in students’ academic and social competencies. Changing practices during compulsory education facilitated achievement and
resulted in a better socialization. 相似文献
4.
Learning no longer takes place as effectively as it did before in most current Korean classrooms. Many teachers have voiced
concerns about a notably reduced level of students’ interest in and enthusiasm for learning school materials, lack of students’
attention to their lectures, and lack of students’ involvement in classroom activities. This negative change, which has been
observed since around 1997, is often referred to as “school collapse” in Korea, meaning classroom breakdown. The paper investigates
the factors that have lead to the phenomenon of the school collapse, introduces the 7th National Curriculum as one of the new reform approaches of the Korean government, and makes some suggestions to ensure more
autonomy and diversity in classrooms to promote effective teaching and learning. 相似文献
5.
The article builds upon a study where students’ relations to science are related to their worldviews and the kind of worldviews
they associate with science. The aim of the study is to deepen our knowledge of how worldview and students’ ways to handle
conflicts between their own worldview and the worldview they associate with science, can add to our understanding of students’
relations to science. Data consists of students’ responses to a questionnaire (N = 47) and to interviews (N = 26). The study shows that for students who have a high ability in science, those who have taken science-intense programmes
in upper secondary school to a higher extent than others have worldviews in accordance with the worldviews they associate
with science. This indicates that students who embrace a worldview different from the one they associate with science tend
to exclude themselves from science/technology programmes in Swedish upper secondary school. In the article the results are
presented through case studies of single individuals. Those students’ reasoning is related to the results for the whole student
group. Implications for science teaching and for further research are discussed. 相似文献
6.
There is a documented need for more opportunities for teachers to learn about students’ mathematical reasoning. This article
reports on the experiences of a group of elementary and middle school mathematics teachers who participated as interns in
an after-school, classroom-based research project on the development of mathematical ideas involving middle-grade students
from an urban, low-income, minority community in the United States. For 1 year, the teachers observed the students working
on well-defined mathematical investigations that provided a context for the students’ formation of particular mathematical
ideas and different forms of reasoning in several mathematical content strands. The article describes insights into students’
mathematical reasoning that the teachers were able to gain from their observations of the students’ mathematical activity.
The purpose is to show that teachers’ observations of students’ mathematical activity in research sessions on students’ development
of mathematical ideas can provide opportunities for teachers to learn about students’ mathematical reasoning. 相似文献
7.
This article describes an initial attempt to find out students’ perceptions of class visits to natural history museums, with
regard to the museum’s role as a place for intellectual and social experience. The study followed up approximately 500 Grades
6–8 students who visited four museums of different sizes, locations and foci. Data sources included the Museum Constructivist
Learning Environment Survey (M-CLES), which was adapted from Constructivist Learning Environment Survey, an open-ended question
and semi-structured interviews with 50 students. The three instruments highlighted some differences in students’ perceptions
of the visit. Opportunities for concrete experiences and cognitive and affective engagement were not covered by the M-CLES,
while the nature of science was not discussed by the students in their responses to the open-ended item and the interviews.
This suggests that each instrument has its advantages and limitations and, therefore, the three means for data collection
enabled a complementary view. Based on our findings, we suggest further development of museum learning environment surveys
to capture students’ perceptions. 相似文献
8.
Kate Wall Steve Higgins Emma Glasner Ulfëbt Mahmout Jane Gormally 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2009,36(2):93-117
The Learning to Learn in Schools Phase 3 Evaluation was a four year project across England exploring the concept of Learning
to Learn in 33 primary and secondary schools. The project was funded through the UK based Campaign for Learning. One of the
key aims of the project was to ensure that the locus of control in terms of development remains with the schools, who decided
on the focus of innovation relevant to them under the umbrella heading of Learning to Learn. A team from the Research Centre
for Learning and Teaching at Newcastle University then supported and facilitated the teachers in the systematic evaluation
of their experiences. As a result we believe that this process supported meaningful professional development about teaching
and learning. This paper exemplifies this process through two professional enquiries into pupil talk in the classroom and
how it supported learning. The projects were carried out by teachers in two schools, one secondary (11–18 years) and one primary
(4–11 years). Both schools decided that encouraging pupil talk about learning best fit with their priorities and the project
aims of exploring Learning to Learn. The paper describes the different research methods and findings of the teachers’ research,
focusing on the decision making which occurred and how the process of the research has impacted on their professional development.
Conclusions are drawn about how the philosophy of Learning to Learn can be as easily applied to the process of professional
enquiry through action research and teachers’ learning, as to the more traditional domain of students’ learning and how this
might contribute to the development of a successful Learning to Learn school culture. 相似文献
9.
This study investigated the effect of metaconceptual teaching interventions on students’ understanding of force and motion
concepts. A multimethod research design including quasi-experimental design and case study designs was employed to compare
the effect of the metaconceptual activities and traditional instruction and investigate students’ reactions to metaconceptual
teaching interventions. The participants (45 high school students in the USA) were enrolled in one of the two physics classes
instructed by the same science teacher. In the experimental group, students’ engagement in metaconceptual knowledge and processes
was facilitated through various instructional activities, including poster drawing, journal writing, group debate, concept
mapping, and class and group discussions. These activities were intended to facilitate students’ engagement in (a) becoming
aware of their existing and past conceptions, associated beliefs, everyday experiences, and contextual differences, (b) monitoring
their understanding of the new conception, the changes in ideas, and the consistency between existing and new conceptions,
and (c) evaluating the relative ability of competing conceptions to explain a physical phenomenon. In the comparison group,
the same content knowledge was explained by the teacher along with the use of laboratory experiments, demonstrations, and
quantitative problem solving. Students’ reactions to the designed instructional activities indicated that metaconceptual teaching
interventions were successful in facilitating students’ engagement in several types of metaconceptual functioning. The results
showed that students in the experimental group had significantly better conceptual understanding than their counterparts in
the comparison group and this positive impact remained after a period of 9 weeks. 相似文献
10.
Brian R. Belland 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2010,58(3):285-309
A critical step in problem-based learning (PBL) units occurs when groups present their solution to the central problem. This
is challenging for middle school students because it involves the creation of an evidence-based argument (Krajcik et al.,
Journal of the Learning Sciences 7:313–350, 1998). Using a mixed method design, this study investigated (a) the impact of
computer-based argumentation scaffolds on middle school students’ argumentation ability, and (b) what middle school students
used for support and why during a PBL unit. Data sources included persuasive presentation rating scores, argument evaluation
ability test, videotaped class sessions, and prompted interviews. Results included a significant impact on average-achieving
students’ argument evaluation ability, and use of the scaffolds by the small groups to plan their research and keep organized. 相似文献
11.
Alexander Minnaert Monique Boekaerts Cornelis de Brabander Marie-Christine Opdenakker 《Vocations and Learning》2011,4(3):175-190
To prepare students for effective workplace learning, it is necessary to have insight into the contextual characteristics
that affect students’ developing interest. Aiming at students to become selfregulated learners, teachers should act as mindful
coaches, encouraging their students to monitor the quality of collaborative group work. A field study was conducted within
the context of a Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) project fostering self-regulated learning. Students and
teachers made use of an electronic instrument that assessed and visualised students’ experiences of the quality of group learning
over time. 137 vocational students in commerce and business administration participated in a 6 months project requiring to
work in small learning groups. A SEM model, based on self-determination theory, fitted the data quite well. Perceived autonomy,
competence, and social relatedness seemed to be good predictors of students’ situational interest. Qualitative interview data
revealed not only the added value of process-oriented reflection and within-group discussion, but also some shortcomings concerning
the effectiveness of (implementing) CSCL. 相似文献
12.
This research investigated 68 secondary school students’ perceptions of their computer-mediated project-based learning environment
and their attitudes towards Project Work (PW) using two instruments—Project Work Classroom Learning Environment Questionnaire
(PWCLEQ) and Project Work Related Attitudes Instrument (PWRAI). In this project-based learning environment, students experienced
a face-to-face classroom setting and e-learning by using a synchronous computer-mediated communication (CMC) tool called ‘iCollaborate’
for online communication and project collaboration with peers from other countries. The PWCLEQ and PWRAI instruments were
used to evaluate the computer-mediated project-based learning environment using students’ perceptions of the learning environment
and to further investigate how their perceptions might affect their attitudes towards PW lessons. Students perceived the computer-mediated
project-based learning environment favourably but they preferred to experience more Material Environment and more Open-Endedness
and Social Presence. Simple correlation analysis revealed that all environment dimensions were significantly and positively
related to the students’ attitudes towards PW, while multiple regression analysis indicated that two scales, Instructor Support
and Social Presence, were the strongest predictors of attitudes towards PW lessons. 相似文献
13.
The purposes of this study were to investigate students’ conceptual learning outcomes and the effect of motivation on students’
conceptual learning outcomes in two different contexts: a Web-based and a classroom-based instruction, which incorporated
the Dual Situation Learning Model (DSLM). Nine classes of Grade eight students (N = 190) were involved in the study; five classes participated in a Web-based context and four classes in a regular classroom-based
context. The topic covered was chemical reaction. Students’ conceptual change outcomes were assessed using eight two-tier
pre/post conceptual tests during the instruction and the reaction rate integrated conceptual test at the end of the instruction.
Students’ motivation data were collected in the beginning and during instruction using the items from the Students’ Motivation
Toward Science Learning (SMTSL) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, ANCOVA, bivariate correlation, and multiple
regression analysis. Findings revealed that students’ motivational factors were correlated significantly with their conceptual
learning outcomes in both Web-based and classroom-based science teaching. In the Web-based context, students’ motivation during
the Web-based learning played a more important role on students’ conceptual learning outcomes than before learning. 相似文献
14.
This paper reports results of intensive field work in urban high school mathematics and science classrooms based on research
with students attending eight high schools located in large, disparate urban sites across the U.S. During the course of our
observations and interviews we recorded students’ activities as well as their impressions of classroom processes over the
course of a week in each classroom using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM). ESM allows students to record information about
their classroom experiences at intervals during daily mathematics and science classroom lessons. We measured levels of student
engagement and examined relationships between student engagement and an array of predictors. We take a social organizational
approach to interpreting classroom processes, examining the extent to which classroom activities influence student perception
of class and communication among students and how these intervening factors affect student engagement during on-going classroom
activities. Results suggest that there is variation between group members’ reactions to classroom activities. Specifically,
as an example, Latino Students in Chicago, Miami and El Paso were far more engaged and responsive to classroom lessons during
the time they spent in small problem-solving groups during class. Student Engagement in High School Mathematics and Science.
Kazuaki Uekawa is affiliated with the American Institutes for Research, Washinton DC, USA. Kathryn Borman and Reginald Lee
are affilated with the The University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA. Address correspondence to Kazuaki Uekawa, American
Institutes for Research, Washinton DC, USA; e-mail: kuekawa@air.org 相似文献
15.
Student Use of Scaffolding Software: Relationships with Motivation and Conceptual Understanding 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This study was designed to theoretically articulate and empirically assess the role of computer scaffolds. In this project,
several examples of educational software were developed to scaffold the learning of students performing high level cognitive
activities. The software used in this study, Artemis, focused on scaffolding the learning of students as they performed information
seeking activities. As 5th grade students traveled through a project-based science unit on photosynthesis, researchers used
a pre-post design to test for both student motivation and student conceptual understanding of photosynthesis. To measure both
variables, a motivation survey and three methods of concept map analysis were used. The student use of the scaffolding features
was determined using a database that tracked students’ movement between scaffolding tools. The gain scores of each dependent
variable was then correlated to the students’ feature use (time and hits) embedded in the Artemis Interface. This provided
the researchers with significant relationships between the scaffolding features represented in the software and student motivation
and conceptual understanding of photosynthesis. There were a total of three significant correlations in comparing the scaffolding
use by hits (clicked on) with the dependent variables and only one significant correlation when comparing the scaffold use
in time. The first significant correlation (r = .499, p < .05) was between the saving/viewing features hits and the students’ task value. This correlation supports the assumption
that there is a positive relationship between the student use of the saving/viewing features and the students’ perception
of how interesting, how important, and how useful the task is. The second significant correlation (r = 0.553, p < 0.01) was between the searching features hits and the students’ self-efficacy for learning and performance. This correlation
supports the assumption that there is a positive relationship between the student use of the searching features and the students’
perception of their ability to accomplish a task as well as their confidence in their skills to perform that task. The third
significant correlation (r = 0.519, p < 0.05) was between the collaborative features hits and the students’ essay performance scores. This correlation supports
the assumption that there is a positive relationship between the student use of the collaborative features and the students’
ability to perform high cognitive tasks. Finally, the last significant correlation (r = 0.576, p < 0.01) was between the maintenance features time and the qualitative analysis of the concept maps. This correlation supports
the assumption that there is a positive relationship between the student use of the maintenance features and student conceptual
understanding of photosynthesis.
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (REC9980055). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions
or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National
Science Foundation. 相似文献
16.
Students’ preparedness for higher education is seen as one of the main factors affecting first-year attrition or study success.
In this paper we report on a cross-national study in which students’ preparedness for university was measured before students commenced their study at a university in New Zealand or in the Netherlands. This cross-national project provided
a unique opportunity to compare students’ perceptions of readiness for university where students are prepared for higher education
in quite different secondary school systems. Departing from a transition framework, and comparing the results in both countries
using logistic regression techniques to investigate which aspects of readiness could predict perceived preparedness, we discovered
similarities in as well as differences between students’ perceived readiness for university study. It could be argued that
differences are caused by the different educational systems at secondary level. However, overall we can conclude that, in
spite of differences between the educational systems in the two countries, many differences were not remarkable or very significant.
This has clear implications for how we view the relative importance of secondary school preparation and tertiary induction.
We can expect greater benefit from implementing first-year pedagogical practices in universities that would assist students
to develop their academic skills, than from demanding that high schools prepare students better. 相似文献
17.
18.
Todd Campbell Shaing Kwei Wang Hui-Yin Hsu Aaron M. Duffy Paul G. Wolf 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2010,19(5):505-511
This position paper proposes the enhancement of teacher and student learning in science classrooms by tapping the enormous
potential of information communication and technologies (ICTs) as cognitive tools for engaging students in scientific inquiry.
This paper serves to challenge teacher-held assumptions about students learning science ‘from technology’ with a framework
and examples of students learning science ‘with technology’. Whereas a high percentage of students are finding their way in
using ICTs outside of school, for the most part they currently are not doing so inside of school in ways that they find meaningful
and relevant to their lives. Instead, the pedagogical approaches that are most often experienced are out-of-step with how
students use ICTs outside of schools and are not supportive of learning framed by constructivism. Here we describe a theoretical
and pedagogical foundation for better connecting the two worlds of students’ lives: life in school and life outside of school.
This position paper is in response to the changing landscape of students’ lives. The position is transformative in nature
because it proposes the use of cyber-enabled resources for cultivating and leveraging students new literacy skills by learning
‘with technology’ to enhance science learning. 相似文献
19.
Two studies examined the effects of four types of teachers’ evaluative feedback on Chinese students’ self-efficacy in English
vocabulary acquisition. In Study 1, a random sample of Grade 8 students (N = 79) learned prefixes and received either formative or summative feedback after failure in test. The results showed that
students who received summative feedback showed a larger decrease in their self-efficacy than those who received formative
feedback. In Study 2, a random sample of Grade 7 students (N = 77) went through similar procedures as in Study 1 except that students received either self-referenced or norm-referenced
feedback. The results showed that self-referenced feedback was more beneficial to students’ self-efficacy than norm-referenced
feedback. The influences of teachers’ evaluation and feedback on students’ self-efficacy are discussed. 相似文献
20.
Louis M. Rocconi 《Research in higher education》2011,52(2):178-193
This study investigated the direct and indirect relationships between participating in a learning community, student engagement,
and self-reported learning outcomes. Using a sample of 241 freshmen at a single urban research university who took the College Student Experiences Questionnaire, the results indicate that after controlling for demographic characteristics and entering composite ACT score, the relationship
between learning community participation and learning outcomes are mediated by students’ levels of engagement. Learning community
participation was not directly related to educational gains but was indirectly related to educational gains through student
engagement. Student engagement in turn was strongly related to educational gains. 相似文献