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1.
Research has shown that female students cannot profit as much as male students can from cooperative learning in physics, especially in mixed-gender dyads. This study has explored the influence of partner gender on female students’ learning achievement, interaction and the problem-solving process during cooperative learning. In Shanghai, a total of 50 students (26 females and 24 males), drawn from two classes of a high school, took part in the study. Students were randomly paired, and there were three research groups: mixed-gender dyads (MG), female–female dyads (FF) and male–male dyads (MM). Analysis of students’ pre- and post-test performances revealed that female students in the single-gender condition solved physics problems more effectively than did those in the mixed-gender condition, while the same was not the case for male students. We further explored the differences between female and male communication styles, and content among the three research groups. It showed that the females’ interaction content and problem-solving processes were more sensitive to partner gender than were those for males. This might explain why mixed-gender cooperation in physics disadvantages females in high schools. 相似文献
2.
《Contemporary educational psychology》2002,27(2):209-228
Academic cheating has become a widespread problem among high school and college students. In this study, 490 students (ages 14 to 23) evaluated the acceptability of an act of academic dishonesty under 19 different circumstances where a person's motive for transgressing differed. Students' evaluations were related to self-reports of cheating behavior, sex, school grade, and psychological variables. Results indicated that high school and college students took motives into account when evaluating the acceptability of academic cheating. Cheating behavior was more common among those who evaluated cheating leniently, among male students, and among high schoolers. Also, acceptance of cheating and cheating behavior were negatively related to self-restraint, but positively related to tolerance of deviance. The results are discussed with reference to biological, cultural, and developmental factors. 相似文献
3.
Academic cheating is a worldwide problem, which is exacerbated by perceived peer cheating. The present review of the literature quantitatively examined this perceived peer cheating effect. This meta-analysis included studies reporting correlations between students' own cheating and their perception of cheating in peers. The sample consisted of 43 effect sizes (38 studies) based on a total sample size of 24,181 demographically diverse participants from multiple countries (65% female) from papers published from 1941 to 2021. Results showed a perceived peer cheating effect of intermediate effect size (r = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.39), and that perceived peer cheating is among one of the strongest factors known to be associated with students' academic cheating. Moderator analyses using country level measures revealed this effect to be stronger in cultures that are high in power distance, collectivism, long-term orientation, restraint, and low in uncertainty avoidance and religiosity. The present findings indicate that the behavior of peers plays an important role in students’ academic cheating, suggesting that effective strategies to promote academic integrity will need to consider peer influences as well as the culture in which students are socialized. 相似文献
4.
Catherine Riegle-Crumb 《Research in higher education》2010,51(6):573-593
This study examines the female postsecondary advantage in matriculation among Hispanic and white youth with the goal of exploring
whether social capital, in addition to academic performance and orientation, function similarly to help explain females’ higher
likelihood of college attendance for each group. Utilizing data from the Texas Higher Education Opportunity Project (THEOP),
results indicate that girls’ higher academic performance in high school is an important factor behind their subsequent gender
advantage in 4-year college attendance, particularly for Hispanic students. Additionally, compared to their co-ethnic male
peers, Hispanic and white girls have greater levels of social capital, such as more academically-focused friendship groups
in high school, that are associated with higher rates of college attendance. However, girls’ greater frequency of discussion
with high school counselors about college appears to contribute to the female advantage in matriculation only for Hispanic
students. For both groups, the analyses suggest that all of the factors considered explain substantially less of the female
advantage in 2-year college matriculation than they do for the female advantage in 4-year matriculation. In general, the results
underscore the need for more research considering the complex processes through which gender and race/ethnicity intersect
in shaping individuals’ paths to college. 相似文献
5.
The purpose of this research was to examine student perceptions of academic integrity among faculty and peers at a sample
of public universities in Romania. The study explores the factors that influence academic dishonesty among college students
and compares the relative importance of faculty influences and peer influences on students’ intent to cheat. The study differs
from the existing literature on academic integrity in that it examines the degree to which student cheating in college is
influenced by the quality and relevance of instruction and the academic dishonesty of instructors and peers. 相似文献
6.
《Journal of Language, Identity & Education》2013,12(1):11-29
This article explores the possibilities and impossibilities of establishing queer discursive spaces within a minority-language high school. Data examined here are from a three-year study of language and identity in a Francophone high school in Ontario, Canada. As two members of the larger research team, we draw on our close observations of teenage students as they interacted with their peers at school events and in corridors and classrooms. The article analyses the ways in which discourses of heteronormativity-which privilege heterosexuality-were reproduced as well as contested in students' interactions within three domains: the general student population, a friendship network of five socially marginalised female students, and the lives of two gay male students. The analysis indicates that the heteronormative discourses produced and reproduced by the students had a silencing effect on gay male students but, paradoxically, created space for some straight female students to "play-act" lesbianism as a counter-hegemonic discourse. The findings highlight the irony of this school's motto-"Unity in diversity"-in relation to young women and queer youth in particular. 相似文献
7.
This paper exploits idiosyncratic variations in school cohorts’ gender composition to investigate the short and long-term effects of school peers’ gender. Using French administrative data over the 2008–2012 period, it shows that the proportion of female peers’ in middle school not only affects students’ contemporaneous performance but also influences their subsequent educational attainment. More specifically, a larger share of girls among school peers increases girls’ test scores, reduces their dropout rates and increases their probability to graduate from high school several years later, especially in the scientific track. By contrast, it increases boys’ probability to attend a vocational school and decreases their high school graduation rate. I find suggestive evidence that these effects partially operate through a negative effect of opposite-gender peers on students’ school behaviour and through an adjustment of teacher behaviour based on the gender composition of the classroom. 相似文献
8.
Elizabeth Stearns Stephanie Potochnick Stephanie Moller Stephanie Southworth 《Research in higher education》2010,51(4):366-395
Race shapes many aspects of students’ high school experiences that are relevant to the college admissions process. We examine
the racially-specific effects of high school course of study on college selectivity. Using NELS 1988–1994, we test how race
and track interactively predict the prestige of the first post-secondary institution attended. We find support for a “redemptive
equity model” of college prestige for Latinos, who attend more selective colleges than White students, net of background and
academic variables. Asian American students also attend more selective institutions than White students. Results for African-American
students are more complicated, in that the colleges they attend are not significantly different from those of Whites, on average.
When we exclude students who attend historically Black colleges and universities, however, African-American students attend
significantly more prestigious universities than Whites, net of other factors. We also find racially-specific effects of high
school course of study, with Latinos, Asian Americans, and African-Americans appearing to benefit more from taking more rigorous
academic courses than Whites. 相似文献
9.
Virginia L. Rhodes 《Learning Inquiry》2008,2(2):113-125
Highly mobile students experience schools and learning in different ways than their more stable peers. Repeated transfers
result in discontinuity of instruction and relationships with teachers and peers. Interviews with transient urban students
in grades 9–12 reveal the issues they face upon their arrival and afterward. Mobile students give insight into perceptions
of teacher practice, peer-group induction, receptivity to classroom instruction, and classroom and administrative practices.
Findings include fear, loneliness, embarrassment, and anxiety in new settings or when faced with another school change. While
students expressed achievement concerns, peer social and emotional concerns were primary immediately following enrollment
in a new school. Students found themselves unable to focus on academic studies until they could secure a peer group with which
to interact. Implications for high-mobility schools include the need for structures providing transitional services and community-building
environments to counteract the negative academic and developmental effects of frequent mobility. 相似文献
10.
Ellen Rydell Altermatt 《Journal of Experimental Education》2015,83(2):218-235
This study examined the role that everyday academic successes and failures—and the interactions with family members and peers that follow these events—play in predicting day-to-day changes in children's emotional responses to school. Middle school students (N = 101; mean age = 11.62 years) completed daily assessments of their academic experiences, performance disclosures, perceptions of emotional support, and school-related affect. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. Results indicated that students’ daily academic experiences and social interactions varied by both sex and interaction partner, and that students’ daily academic experiences and social interactions were predictive of day-to-day changes in both positive and anxious affect. The implications of these findings for students’ interpersonal relationships and school adjustment are discussed. 相似文献
11.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of repeating a grade or participating in a junior first-grade program. High school students (N = 137) answered a questionnaire concerning their experience with grade retention or a transitional year while in elementary school. In addition, we collected data on past academic performance from the students' school records. Groups of students were composed of former participants in the junior first program, students who had been retained in a grade, and matched controls. Attitudes towards nonpromotion and the junior first program were positive and, among all three groups, there were few important differences in opinion. In high school, however, measures of academic competence indicated there were performance differences between the groups. Participants in the junior first program were at par with peers, whereas grade repeaters made less progress in high school and had lower mathematics grades. The later in school the grade retention, the poorer the academic performance. 相似文献
12.
Urban Students’ Perceptions of Teachers: Views of Students in General, Special, and Honors Education
Students’ satisfaction with school experiences has been linked to their sense of belongingness, connection to school, and
achievement. Though the extant research addresses students’ perceptions of school climate and sense of belonging, there is
a paucity of research about students’ views of teacher–student interactions. Five hundred and seventy-seven students from
one ethnically and academically diverse urban high school were surveyed and interviewed about the nature of teacher talk with
students. Findings from this mixed-methods investigation indicate students from general, special, and honors programs experience
a wide range of interactions based on academic services received, gender, and ethnicity. More frequent perceived punitive
feedback was reported by all students in special education as well as males in general and honors education programs, while
Hispanic students indicated a greater frequency of perceived supportive feedback. Findings also reflect a wide range of attitudes
and feelings about teachers, the educational system, and learning. 相似文献
13.
Greg Wiggan 《The Urban Review》2008,40(4):317-349
Influential research on African American students has examined their school failure in terms of students’ opposition to school
achievement. Only a few studies have explored school engagement and success among these students, and even fewer have examined
the experiences of high achieving black students. This study illustrates the school context and school processes that high
achieving African American students identify as contributing to their academic success. The findings reveal three main school
effects impacting the students’ performance: 1) teacher practices, engaging pedagogy versus disengaging pedagogy; 2) participation
in extracurricular activities and; 3) the state scholarship as performance incentive. According to the students, teacher practices
were the most instrumental school effect benefiting their outcomes. Recognizing the processes that promote high achievement
among African American students can help to improve our understanding of student performance, while promoting success among
these students.
The author wishes to thank Ron DePeter and Tekla Johnson for their comments on a previous draft of this article 相似文献
14.
卢秀琼 《西南师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2008,34(6):153-156
用自编的中学生异性同伴交往问卷作为测量工具,抽取1086名初二和高二学生作为样本。研究结果表明：（1）中学生异性同伴交往在各维度上的得分依次为：广泛性、策略性、困扰性、礼节性和主动性;（2）在异性同伴交往的性别特征方面,女生在困扰性和策略性方面得分较高;男生在总均分和礼节性上得分较高;（3）在异性同伴交往的年级特征方面,初二学生在困扰性、策略性、广泛性和总均分方面得分均高于高二学生。 相似文献
15.
Bryan Lee Miller Laura E. Agnich Chad Posick Laurie A. Gould 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2015,26(2):211-232
An increasing problem of great concern for academic institutions around the world is the pervasiveness of academic cheating among students. However, there is a dearth of prior research on cheating in cross-national contexts. The present study examines the relationships between structural measures of strain and principals’ reports of problematic cheating in schools across 35 nations, derived from the 2007 Trends in International Math and Science Studies survey. The study employs multilevel logistic regression analysis to evaluate whether indicators of economic disadvantage, educational achievement, and educational inequalities influence the level of problematic cheating reported by school principals cross-nationally. Additionally, we identify which socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of nation-states are most related to perceptions of problematic academic cheating as reported by school principals. The findings indicate that schools with resource shortages, greater levels of economic disadvantage, and those with larger national average grade sizes experience higher levels of problematic cheating. 相似文献
16.
Many studies support the existence of a significant decline in students’ academic self-concept from early to midadolescence.
In comparison, the findings on gender effect are less conclusive. This study aimed to determine whether there is any grade
or gender effect on adolescents’ academic self-concept in the Singapore context. Specifically, the cross-sectional study was
conducted with Secondary 1, 2 and 3 students (N = 656) in a government co-educational school. The results established a significant
main effect according to grade, with Secondary 3 students having significantly lower academic self-concept (scale and subscales)
than Secondary 1 and 2 students. In addition, there was a significant main effect for gender, with female students having
significantly higher perceived academic effort (academic self-concept subscale) than their male counterparts. 相似文献
17.
We tested the interaction between task value and self-efficacy on defensive pessimism, academic cheating, procrastination and self-handicapping among 574 Korean 11th graders in the context of English as a foreign language. We hypothesised that perceiving high value in tasks or domains for which self-efficacy was low would pose a threat to perceived self-worth, leading students to resort to various maladaptive achievement strategies. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses demonstrated that, consistent with our hypothesis, the relationships of task value with academic cheating and procrastination depended on the level of self-efficacy. Perceiving high intrinsic value positively predicted academic cheating for students with low self-efficacy but not for students with high self-efficacy. Likewise, perceiving intrinsic or utility value positively predicted procrastination for students with low self-efficacy but not for students with high self-efficacy. Our findings support the major tenets of self-worth theory. 相似文献
18.
Community and school violence continue to be a major public health problem, especially among urban children and adolescents.
Little research has focused on the effect of school safety and neighborhood violence on academic performance. This study examines
the effect of the school and neighborhood climate on academic achievement among a population of 3rd–5th grade students in
an urban public school system. Community and school safety were assessed using the School Climate Survey, an annual City-wide
assessment of student’s perception of school and community safety. Community violence was measured using the Neighborhood
Inventory for Environmental Typology, an objective observational assessment of neighborhood characteristics. Academic achievement
was measured using the Maryland State Assessment (MSA), a standardized exam given to all Maryland 3rd–8th graders. School
Climate Data and MSA data were aggregated by school and grade. Objective assessments of neighborhood environment and students’
self-reported school and neighborhood safety were both strongly associated with academic performance. Increasing neighborhood
violence was associated with statistically significant decreases from 4.2 to 8.7% in math and reading achievement; increasing
perceived safety was associated with significant increases in achievement from 16 to 22%. These preliminary findings highlight
the adverse impact of perceived safety and community violence exposure on primary school children’s academic performance. 相似文献
19.
This ethnographic case study examined first-year, first-generation, low-income Latino/a college students’ social experiences and familial support during their transition from a charter high school to four-year universities. Through interviews and observations, we found that maintaining communication and building relationships among high school and college peers, high school faculty and staff, and college professors were essential to navigating the educational system; also, having a family that supported their academic work to allow students to only focus on their coursework was important. 相似文献
20.
皇甫柏会 《湖北第二师范学院学报》2012,(12):90-92
为探讨一般两性交往质量与性别角色的关系,从Bem提出的性别角色模式出发,利用钱铭怡主持编制的大学生性别角色量表（CSRI）和自编的大学生一般两性交往质量量表对在校大学生进行测试。结果显示．自编的一般两性交往质量量表具有较高的信效度;各性别角色类型在一般两性交往各维度上均存在显著差异,男性化被试在一般两性交往各维度上都显著高于女性化和未分化;男性化、女性化、未分化均与一般两性交往存在显著的相关;其中,男性化和双性化化对一般两性交往都有显著的预测作用。 相似文献