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当今随着体育科学和体育情报工作的迅速发展，先进的训练理论、技战术知识和训练方法手段的保密性下降，使世界各国、尤其是体育发达国家的训练条件、方法手段的差异性日益缩小，运动水平日趋接近，运动员先天条件的重要性越来越突出，这时选材显得尤为重要：本文采用文献质料法、访问调查法和专家调查法就击剑运动员的选材适宜年龄与年龄宽容度和具体指标进行全面剖析，为击剑运动员的选材与育材提供一定的参考． 相似文献
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体操选材中的儿童心理健康问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
世界体操运动飞速发展,体操运动员开始专门化训练的年龄已经大大提前,因而使体操运动员的初级选材工作(业余体校级)不得不提前到学龄前儿童(幼儿园中、大班)中进行,在这种初级选材工作中,有一个问题越来越引起人们的关注,这就是儿童的心理健康问题。 相似文献
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跳水运动是一项早成熟运动项目,训练周期相对较短,运动员的初级选材是成才的重要环节。本文旨在通过跳水运动员选材指标分析,从教练员的角度和思维出发,提出跳水运动员初选、复选条件,说明跳水运动项目初级选材的重要性,为提高跳水运动员选材提供参考与建议。 相似文献
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李鹰黠 《武汉体育学院学报》1991,(4)
一个优秀的散手运动员,必须具备良好的绝对因素(身体结构、身体机能、身体素质和心理品质)和基本因素(后天训练)。作为绝对因素,选材是十分重要的。散手运动员的初级选材,是中级、高级选材的基石,是散手运动员走向成功的保证,是提高散手运动技术水平的重要一环。笔者认为散手运动的初级选材应从以下几方面进行。1 心理选材 相似文献
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通过检索国内外有关体操运动员初级选材资料、问卷调查法以及专家访谈法．从青少年体操运动员的初级选材入手，简要讨论少年体操运动员身体形态、素质、心理能力等方面的选材指标，筛选出青少年体操运动员选材的敏感指标，以提高体操运动员选材的科学化水平： 相似文献
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运用遗传学、运动训练学和运动员选材学的理论,采用文献资料法、测试法和案例研究法,对特异性天赋选材和定向基础训练进行理论与实践研究认为:在初级选材和一般基础训练基础上进行的特异性天赋选材和定向基础训练是培养竞技体育后备人才的有效途径。 相似文献
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一、前言选材是运动科学训练系统中的重要组成部分,“选材的成功是运动训练成功的一半”。业余体校训练是初级训练阶段,在目前人力、物力和财力都十分有限、困难的情况下,搞好科学选材,提高训练的成材率,减少淘汰率,做到少化钱、多办事,为国家 相似文献
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通过文献资料法、结合实际棒球教学经验,总结出少年儿童棒球传统选材法、科学选材法及选材标准,棒球的相关进攻、防守技术知识,以及棒球运动相关技术知识,希望能对棒球运动员初级选材及相关技术有一定的帮助,同时对中国棒球事业的发展有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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杨君伟 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2012,(4):104-106
高职院校女子篮球队的选材有一定的困难性,文章通过实践研究法,文献资料法对高职院校女生进行了篮球队员初级选材原则、选材方法的研究。提出策略：初级选材指标选择要简单易行;初级选材与高职体育课程改革、学生体质测试、学生体育社团建设相结合;成立篮球协会并加强校企合作。 相似文献
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本文通过分析和总结新疆高等体育院校基础体育教育、岗前、后体育教师培养现状,研究得出当前我区入职前、后体育专业人才培养方面出现的问题,从而提出从体育专业人才培养目标、模式和方法上入手,将师范类体育专业人才与基础教育相衔接,整合两者现有的物力和人力资源。具体包括:如何认真学习和领会当前基础教育改革发展趋势;搭建高校和基础体育教师的交流平台;在课程设置、教学实习、岗前和岗后培训方面寻求具体的人才培养路径。 相似文献
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Heikki Rusko 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(3):273-286
The influences of growth, training and various training methods were investigated by analysing long‐term training effects in young cross‐country and biathlon skiers (n = 129). Some athletes (n = 49) were studied six times in three years and some at least once a year during a four year period (n = 48). During three summer training periods skiers emphasized either intensive training or distance training or continued to train normally. The results indicated that maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and heart volume increased between 15 and 20 years of age and the most significant changes in heart volume were observed between 16 and 18 years of age. International level skiers were able to increase their VO2 max and heart volume even after 20 years of age. Anaerobic threshold (AT, ml kg‐1 min‐1) increased like VO2 max but when expressed as a percentage of VO2 max, the AT was similar in every age group over 16 years of age. Intensive training at the intensity of anaerobic threshold or higher was observed to be most effective in producing improvements in VO2 max. Low‐intensity distance training was more effective in producing improvements in anaerobic threshold. 相似文献
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The effect of training on aerobic power characteristics of young cross-country skiers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
H Rusko 《Journal of sports sciences》1987,5(3):273-286
The influences of growth, training and various training methods were investigated by analysing long-term training effects in young cross-country and biathlon skiers (n = 129). Some athletes (n = 49) were studied six times in three years and some at least once a year during a four year period (n = 48). During three summer training periods skiers emphasized either intensive training or distance training or continued to train normally. The results indicated that maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and heart volume increased between 15 and 20 years of age and the most significant changes in heart volume were observed between 16 and 18 years of age. International level skiers were able to increase their VO2 max and heart volume even after 20 years of age. Anaerobic threshold (AT, ml kg-1 min-1) increased like VO2 max but when expressed as a percentage of VO2 max, the AT was similar in every age group over 16 years of age. Intensive training at the intensity of anaerobic threshold or higher was observed to be most effective in producing improvements in VO2 max. Low-intensity distance training was more effective in producing improvements in anaerobic threshold. 相似文献
14.
射击项目多为静力性运动项目,具有动作单一,且持续性时间长的特点。初级的基本技术训练一般从12-13岁开始,这一时期正处于青少年生长发育的关键阶段,不正确的技术动作和训练方式无论是对青少年的生长发育还是射击技术动作的掌握都将产生极其不利的影响。结合自身从运动员到教练员近20年的学习和体会,总结整理出一套有利于运动员在射击项目上长远发展的基本技术,以供教练员、运动员参考。 相似文献
15.
体育的竞争归根到底是体育科技和人才的竞争。培养体育科技人才是现代体育迅猛发展的需要．摈弃传统的人才培养方法，更新陈旧的人才培养观念，建立有效的体育科技人才培养体制有利于促进竞技运动项目的快速发展。 相似文献
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Hautala A Martinmaki K Kiviniemi A Kinnunen H Virtanen P Jaatinen J Tulppo M 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(6):563-569
We hypothesised that habitual physical activity (PA) together with progressive endurance training contributes to the differences in training response (Δ[V(·)]O(2max)) in healthy and physically active male participants. Twenty volunteers (age 30±3 years and [V(·)]O(2max) 54±7 ml·kg?1·min?1) participated in an eight-week training program which included four to six heart rate-guided exercise sessions weekly. PA data over the whole period were collected by an accelerometer-equipped wristwatch. Individual relative intensities of endurance training and PA were separately determined by adjusting to [V(·)]O(2max) reserve and calculated as mean daily duration (min) of training and PA at light, moderate, high and very high intensity levels. [V(·)]O(2max) increased 6.4±4.1% (p < 0.0001) during the training period. Δ[V(·)]O(2max) correlated with the amount of habitual PA that was mainly of light intensity (r = 0.53, p = 0.016), but not with the duration of moderate, high or very high intensity PA (p = ns for all). Age, body mass index, and daily amount of training at any intensity level of exercise were not related to Δ[V(·)]O(2max) (p = ns for all). In conclusion, a high amount of habitual PA together with prescribed endurance training was associated with good training response in physically active males. 相似文献
17.
我国高校全民健身服务人力资源开发利用的现状及对策 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用问卷调查法、访谈法，从需求、选择、培训、配置和激励等方面，分析了我国高校全民健身服务人力资源开发利用的现状，在此基础上，提出了领导重视、体育工作积极参与、建立人力资源开发利用运行机制等保障高校全民健身计划有序、全面、持续、有效地健康发展的对策。 相似文献
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Development of maximal oxygen uptake in young elite male cross-country skiers: a longitudinal study.
F Ingjer 《Journal of sports sciences》1992,10(1):49-63
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of extensive endurance training (15-25 h per week) on the development of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) in boys from puberty. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured a number of times each year from the age of puberty and for the next 6-9 years in seven young male elite cross-country skiers. Mean VO2 max was measured as 76.3 and 80.1 ml kg-1 min-1 at the ages of 14 and 15 years respectively. Despite the fast rate of growth during puberty, maximal aerobic power showed seasonal variations from the age of 14, reaching a plateau at the age of 15, whereas VO2 max (ml kg-2/3 min-1) increased continuously. It is concluded that, during puberty, boys probably attain significant increases in VO2 max when appropriate amounts of endurance training are undertaken. 相似文献
20.
向征 《山东体育学院学报》2008,24(12)
运用文献资料法、数理统计法，对湖南省近年来竞技体育后备人才培养投入、规模、项目布局及“体教结合”的动态变化进行探讨，旨在发现问题，总结经验，为体育后备人才培养相关政策的制定提供参考。结论：1）湖南省竞技体育后备人才培养总体投入呈缓慢上升的周期性变化态势，业余训练资源短缺，投入渠道单一，政府负担日趋加重；2）在线规模的反向变动导致“金字塔”人才流动体系结构失衡，运动员与教练员的比例关系欠合理；3）重点项目在训规模得到了不同程度的扩张，但优势项目规模增长过缓，奥运会非优势项目与非奥运项目在训规模萎缩；4）“体教结合”工作对运动员文化教育起到了一定作用。 相似文献