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为了解决饮酒驾车问题，通过对所给参考数据的分析，利用最小二乘法等有关数学知识，建立了饮酒后酒精在血液中的含量与时间关系的数学模型，从而根据司机的饮酒量，以及国家质检局发布的新标准，对司机酒后何时开车为酒后驾车问题作出了合理的解释。 相似文献
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杜瑜 《成都航空职业技术学院学报》2007,23(2):40-43
利用药物动力学房室模型的基本知识建立饮酒驾车后司机体内酒精浓度的微分方程模型,再利用MATLAB和相关数据根据最小二成乘法编程估计出饮酒时的吸收参数,结合国家关于车辆驾驶人员酒精浓度的标准对司机驾车期间的饮酒情况进行分析。 相似文献
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基于影响血液中酒精含量因素的假设,分别对短时间内饮酒与长时间内饮酒这两种情况建立了血液中酒精含量的微分方程.用Mathematica求解微分方程,并用试验数据进行最小二乘拟合,确定函数参数的值,得到短时间内和长时间内喝酒、血液中的的酒精含量. 相似文献
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根据优化的原理，利用微分方程对饮酒驾驶问题中饮酒者的酒精含量进行量化谩计，建立了相应的数学模型，并通过机理分析和数据处理。参数估计相结合，找出一个较满意的饮酒方案。 相似文献
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利用微积分理论.针对酒后驾车问题,建立了反映驾驶员单次喝酒和重复喝酒后体内酒精稀释速度的微分方程数学模型.结合数据拟合理论,使用MATLAB软件对数据进行曲线拟合,确定了模型的参数.最后根据模型以及模型参数.推导出了在饮酒量相同的情况下,不同饮酒方式对酒精稀释速度的影响,以及由此决定的对饮酒驾驶员的不同安检结果.为那些想在有限的休息时间内喝酒而又不违背交通安检标准的驾驶员推荐可行的饮酒方式. 相似文献
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本文以房室模型为基础，考虑体重、酒精量、饮酒持续时间等因素，建立了一个多元数学模型研究酒精吸收与消除规律。并制定安全驾驶的方案。由于演算的复杂性，我们利用了数学软件madab6．5编程进行数据模拟。 相似文献
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结合药理学[2]，讨论酒精在血液中的吸收及排除时浓度的变化过程．通过建立二室模型，分别针对在短时间及长时间内摄入酒精时，酒精在人体血液中的浓度变化情况作具体的分析；同时，利用数学软件对相关参数进行估计，得到结论为：长时间多次摄入同质量的酒精比短时间摄入其浓度消除速率要小．最后对所给的实际问题做出解释． 相似文献
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基于Matlab酒后驾车问题的模型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
主要讨论的是司机在酒后驾车的安全性问题,问题简化后,通过对己知数据的分析并结合相关资料对此问题建立了数学模型,并且经过假设检验。检测酒精在人体血液和体液内的吸收和扩散过程,由此预测司机在酒后安全驾车必须要等待的时间,以保证检测通过,避免发生交通事故而导致不必要的伤亡和财产损失。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to examine how parental drinking behavior, drinking locations, alcohol outlet density, and types of social support (tangible, emotional, and social companionship) may place children at greater risk for physical abuse. Data on use of physical abuse, drinking behaviors, types of social support, social networks, and demographic information were collected via telephone interviews with 3,023 parent respondents in 50 cities in California. Data on alcohol outlet density were obtained by the California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control. Multilevel Poisson models were used to analyze data for the drinking levels in the entire sample and dose-response drinking models for drinkers. Social companionship support was related to more frequent use of physical abuse. Having a higher percentage of social companionship support network living within the neighborhood was related to more frequent physical abuse in the full sample. This relationship was moderated by on-premise alcohol outlet density. With regards to drinking behaviors, drinking behaviors from ex-drinkers to frequent heavy drinkers used physically abusive parenting practices more often than lifetime abstainers. The dose-response models show that each additional drinking event at a bar or home/party was related to more frequent use of physical abuse. Practitioners working with parents who abuse their children should be aware that not all social support is beneficial. Findings build evidence that child maltreatment is influenced by the interaction between individual and ecological factors. 相似文献
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The present study was conducted in Finland and the USSR (Estonia) with two birth cohorts (14 and 17 years old) and their parents. The subjects, 504 in Finland and 329 in Estonia, were drawn from urban and rural areas. 85% of the Estonian and 55% of the Finnish parents returned the questionnaire. The results supported the hypothesis that adolescent drinking is an age-related behaviour aimed at active coping efforts to adopt adult-like behaviour. In both countries abstinence decreased with age, and the use of alcohol was seen as behaviour which became acceptable at an older age than the age when the actual initiation occurred. However, the use of alcohol remained occasional through the ages of 17 to 18. Adolescents’ drinking correlated strongly with their conceptions of the accepted motives for drinking which, in turn, correlated with observations of the parents’ use of alcohol. In Estonia, boys with high self-esteem were most active in adopting customary adult drinking. In Finland, drinking was typical of boys who were active in the use of leisure time, whereas abstinence, was typical of passive users of leisure time. The Finnish adolescents did not make a distinction between moderate and heavy drinking as clearly as the Estonian ones. Traditional sex differences in the use of alcohol still existed in Estonia, but Finnish girls’ drinking did not differ from Finnish or Estonian boys’ drinking. The influences of parental modelling were strongest for Finnish girls. There were few indicators of reactive coping efforts for strains from the environment, but a conflicted home atmosphere was a risk factor of the early onset of alcohol drinking. 相似文献
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体内酒精浓度与酒后时间、喝酒持续时间的关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生活中因醉酒驾车出现的事故屡见不鲜,对社会造成很大危害.醉酒的程度主要取决于人体内的酒精浓度,所以对随时间变化人体体内的酒精浓度的变化情况进行了研究.最小二乘法对离散数据处理具有误差较小、方便实用的优点,可对连续性问题过程进行离散化的数值计算.针对驾驶员饮酒后体内酒精含量与时间变化之间的关系,及饮酒后多长时间人体体内酒精浓度达到最高值进行研究. 相似文献
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《Journal of College Student Psychotherapy》2013,27(4):328-337
In the general population, alcohol use disorders and psychiatric disorders co-occur. Despite ample evidence of the adverse effects of alcohol use on treatment outcomes, these relationships have not been examined among college students presenting at counseling centers. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of hazardous drinking among students receiving counseling at a university counseling center and to examine relationships between alcohol use, symptomatology, and treatment utilization. Participants were 214 students who had terminated therapy within a 3-year period. Intake assessments of alcohol use, anxiety, depression, and perceived stress were harvested from client files. Analyses indicated that 33% of the sample screened positive for hazardous alcohol use. Findings provided preliminary evidence that hazardous drinking is negatively related to both mental health and treatment utilization in university clinics. In light of this association, coupled with high base rates of risky alcohol use among college students, university counseling centers might consider implementing screening and brief intervention for hazardous drinking. 相似文献
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为研究高中生对数学模型思想的了解睛况,以及实际运用能力,通过问卷调查统计、SPSS软件分析得出目前中学生对于数学模型思想了解还不够深,学生对数学模型思想了解程度与解决问题的建模能力之间具有高度的相关性。 相似文献