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目的:对某市医院腹泻门诊收集的一起急性腹泻患者肛拭子样本进行奇异变形杆菌分离鉴定、耐药性与致病作用分析。方法:增菌培养、划线分离,革兰氏染色,镜检观察细菌形态,16S rRNA基因扩增、测序鉴定细菌种类;纸片法进行药物敏感性检测,PCR法筛检毒力基因,结晶紫染色法检测细菌生物被膜形成,小鼠感染试验分析分离株致病力;荧光PCR法分析奇异变形杆菌感染小鼠致不同脏器炎症因子表达水平。结果:成功从腹泻样本中分离获得3株细菌(NB1711、NB1335和NB1336),经菌种鉴定均为奇异变形杆菌。3株细菌对米诺环素、红霉素、多粘菌素等9种药物表现为多重耐药,对头孢唑林、哌拉西林、环丙沙星等敏感。NB1711分离株完整编码8种毒力因子,生物被膜形成能力强,对小鼠致病最高,感染该菌株可显著上调小鼠不同脏器IL-1β、IL-6、TNFα、IFN-γ等炎症因子的表达。结论:奇异变形杆菌感染是引发此次急性腹泻的主要病因,细菌分离株NB1711耐药谱广、毒力强、可形成致密生物被膜,感染小鼠介导形成炎症反应。本研究为进一步探究奇异变形杆菌感染机制及临床用药提供科学依据。 相似文献
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目的:报道高迁移率族蛋白N2(HMGN2)对大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli)K12的抗菌功能,并对其抗菌机制进行探讨,同时检验HMGN2对中性粒细胞是否具有趋化活性。创新点:从分子水平上探讨了HMGN2对大肠埃希菌的抗菌机制。方法:用反相高效液相色谱法从人类子宫纤维囊腺瘤中提取组织细胞的HMGN2分子(tH MGN2)。诱导重组表达质粒PET-32a-c(+)-HMGN2表达重组蛋白HMGN2(rH MGN2)。用琼脂糖凝胶弥散法对HMGN2的抗菌活性进行检测,并用微量肉汤稀释法测定HMGN2的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。通过膜通透性实验和凝胶阻滞实验检测HMGN2对细菌菌膜和核酸的作用。通过结晶紫实验和电镜扫描验证HMGN2的抗生物被膜形成作用。通过氮蓝四唑(NBT)法和Transwell趋化法分别验证HMGN2的活化效应和对中性粒细胞的趋化活性。结果:我们分离纯化获得了高质量的天然和重组HMGN2分子,同时验证了HMGN2对革兰氏阴性大肠埃希菌具有较强的抗菌活性,MIC为16.25μg/ml。细菌膜通透性实验发现HMGN2使大肠埃希菌膜渗透性明显增大。HMGN2分子与大肠埃希菌K12染色体DNA和质粒DNA的结合均呈浓度依赖效应。银染和扫描电镜结果显示,HMGN2与大肠埃希菌共培养可干扰细菌生物被膜形成,并破坏已形成的早期和成熟生物被膜。然而HMGN2对中性粒细胞没有活化作用和趋化作用。结论:作为抗菌肽,HMGN2对大肠埃希菌有良好的抗菌活性。该活性可能通过影响细胞膜的通透性和干扰细菌DNA转录以及干扰生物被膜而发挥作用。 相似文献
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介绍单分子膜的形成原理,以及一种超薄膜——LB膜的制备方法及膜类型,并举例介绍LB膜在葡萄糖生物传感器中的应用,可供一线高中化学教师用于拓展学生的视野. 相似文献
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通过琼脂平板法测定了牛红细胞抗菌肽SP-18对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的抑菌活性,以微量肉汤稀释法测定其对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）,并在扫描电镜（SEM）下观察其对细菌生物膜的影响.结果表明：SP-18对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌有明显的抑制活性,MIC分别为1.0 mg/mL、0.25 mg/mL;SEM观察发现抗菌肽作用后细菌生物膜发生皱缩、破裂,金黄色葡萄球菌发生膜裂解,大肠杆菌表面出现孔洞结构.研究表明SP-18具有良好的抗菌活性,并通过破坏细菌生物结构的作用机制发挥抑菌效果,在抗菌肽未来的开发应用中具有良好的前景. 相似文献
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目的:评价联合应用金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗接种和乳酸链球菌素Z治疗对乳腺隐性感染金黄色葡萄球菌奶牛的治疗效果。创新点:首次证明了金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗接种和乳酸链球菌Z治疗对泌乳期奶牛乳腺金黄色葡萄球菌感染的治疗效果。方法:将75头乳腺隐性感染金黄色葡萄球菌的泌乳期黑白花奶牛随机分为3组:金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗接种+乳酸链球菌素治疗组、乳酸链球菌素治疗组和不治疗对照组。在治疗前和治疗后2、4和6周,对无菌采集感染乳区奶样进行细菌学检查、牛奶体细胞计数、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAGase)活性检测和牛奶品质(乳脂率和蛋白率)检测。结论:和乳酸链球菌素单独治疗比较,金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗接种联合乳酸链球菌素治疗显著降低了感染乳腺和高体细胞数乳腺的数量。因此,金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗接种联合乳酸链球菌素治疗对乳腺感染金黄色葡萄球菌奶牛的治疗效果优于乳酸链球菌素单独治疗。 相似文献
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介绍了膜泡运输中三种不同类型的有被小泡,即披网格蛋白小泡、copⅡ被膜小泡和copⅠ被膜小泡的形成机制及作用。 相似文献
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郑毅 《铜陵职业技术学院学报》2011,10(4):37+71-37,71
目的：为研究葡萄球菌的耐药性。方法：对近年来抗生素滥用现状,而导致的葡萄球菌进行耐药监测、对其耐药特征、机制以及各种耐药金葡菌感染后的处理进行相关探讨和研究。结果：多重耐药葡萄球菌包括甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、甲氧西林耐药表皮葡萄球菌（MRsE）和甲氧西林耐药溶血葡萄球菌（MRsH）的出现,对院内感染构成了重大威胁。结论：控制和合理正确使用抗生素是当今我们临床医师和药师所要迫切面对的重要环节。 相似文献
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目的 :观察在剖宫产术中应用菌必治预防术后感染发生的效果。方法 :将 2 74例接受剖宫产术的患者随机分为两组 ,其中一组在麻醉诱导期使用单次剂量的菌必治和甲硝唑 ,比较两组在术后感染发生率、临床表现等方面的差异。结果 :手术开始前使用菌必治能显著降低术后感染发生率 ,对于容易发生感染的高危患者更加有效 ,术中及术后分离出的 64株细菌对菌必治的敏感率为 93.8%。结论 :在剖宫产术开始前预防性应用菌必治能有效降低术后感染的发生 ,值得推荐在高危患者手术时应用。 相似文献
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A R De Jong 《Child abuse & neglect》1985,9(1):27-29
Sexually transmitted diseases may be transferred to children and adolescents during voluntary or involuntary sexual contact. Two children are reported with the unusual association of sexual abuse and Candida albicans or Gardnerella vaginalis infections. Awareness of the techniques for diagnosis of these infections is essential for appropriate management of the abused child. These organisms should not be considered normal flora when found in symptomatic children and adolescents and should raise the possibility of sexual abuse. 相似文献
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应用植物血凝素亲合层析技术所获得的纯化抗原进行斑点酶联免疫吸附试验(Dot-ELISA).用该方法对146例囊虫病患者、40例其它寄生虫感染者及36例健康人IgG4亚型的检测.结果表明,除3例囊虫病人未能检出外,143例均为阳性.其它寄生虫感及健康人均为阴性.该试验方法敏感性为98％,特异性为100％.结论:IgG4可作为囊虫病免疫诊断指标之一. 相似文献
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目的观察头孢哌酮/舒巴坦治疗呼吸系统感染的疗效及安全性。方法对2006年1月～2010年12月175例用头孢哌酮/舒巴坦治疗呼吸系统感染的情况进行回顾性研究,总结其疗效及毒副作用。结果头孢哌酮-舒巴坦的用量每日2g～4g,疗程5～18天;用药后3～6.5天体温下降,体温下降率92.0%;白细胞数升高者用药后85.4%降至正常范围,炎性X线征象52.6%消失或明显吸收好转,痰细菌培养阳性者细菌清除率为85.1%;总有效率为86.9%,无效者中有12例为严重粒细胞缺乏;有16例丙氨酸转氨酶短暂升高,余未见其它副作用。结论头孢哌酮/舒巴坦治疗呼吸系统感染安全有疗效。 相似文献
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目的:了解泌尿生殖道解脲脲原体感染现状及对10种抗生素耐药情况.指导临床合理用药.方法:应用支原体鉴定及药敏试剂盒检测304例泌尿系感染患者,同时测定其对常用抗生素的药物敏感性.结果:解脲脲原体感染的阳性率为136株(44.7%).男性解脲脲原体阳性10例(22.22%,10/45),女性解脲脲原体阳性126例(46.84%,126/269).药敏试验结果表现不同的敏感性.结论:泌尿生殖道支原体对所分析的各种抗生素都存在不同程度的耐药.在进行解脲脲原体感染治疗之前应进行药物敏感试验. 相似文献
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Shweta Saxena 《Resonance》2005,10(8):91-96
Lung surfactant, a lipo-protein complex, is a highly surface-active material found in the fluid lining the air-liquid interface
of the alveolar surface. Surfactant plays a dual function of preventing alveolar collapse during breathing cycle and protection
of the lungs from injuries and infections caused by foreign bodies and pathogens. Varying degrees of structure-function abnormalities
of surfactant have been associated with obstructive lung diseases, respiratory infections, respiratory distress syndromes,
interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, cardiopulmonary bypass surgery and smoking. For some pulmonary
conditions, especially respiratory distress syndrome, surfactant therapy is on the horizon. 相似文献
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Dr. M.R. Lokeshwar Dr. V.G. Tuteja Dr. A. Fernandez Dr. Meenakshi N. Mehta Dr. V.B. Athavale Dr. Parvaty Krishnan 《Child abuse & neglect》1979,3(3-4)
175 newborns who were admitted to an orphanage in the year 1975–1976 and subsequently died are analysed. Illegitimacy was the major cause for abandoning the babies. 46% of the babies were born in hospitals. 5 babies had congenital anomalies and 11 babies had marks of external injury. 58.8% of the babies abandoned were girls, 82.7% of the babies weighed less than 2.5 kgs. and had some degree of intrauterine growth retardation. The major cause of death was infections which accounted for 79.3% of deaths, of which gastroenteritis (43.4%) was the main killer. Septicemia and bronchopneumonia were the two other major infections that contributed to the deaths. Infections were more common in the low weight babies. Gastroenteritis was probably acquired after introduction of top feeds, due to poor hygiene and occured in all age groups. Majority of babies died of septicemia within 7 days of admission suggesting antenatal and natal infections. Chances of survival increased with increasing weight of the baby. 相似文献
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Shao-hua Hu Shu-xing Yuan Hai Qu Tao Jiang Ya-jun Zhou Ming-xi Wang De-song Ming 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2016,17(3):188-199
Bacteria of the genus Myroides (Myroides spp.) are rare opportunistic pathogens. Myroides sp. infections have been reported mainly in China. Myroides sp. is highly resistant to most available antibiotics, but the resistance mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Current strain identification methods based on biochemical traits are unable to identify strains accurately at the species level. While 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing can accurately achieve this, it fails to give information on the status and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, because the 16S rRNA sequence contains no information on resistance genes, resistance islands or enzymes. We hypothesized that obtaining the whole genome sequence of Myroides sp., using next generation sequencing methods, would help to clarify the mechanisms of pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance, and guide antibiotic selection to treat Myroides sp. infections. As Myroides sp. can survive in hospitals and the environment, there is a risk of nosocomial infections and pandemics. For better management of Myroides sp. infections, it is imperative to apply next generation sequencing technologies to clarify the antibiotic resistance mechanisms in these bacteria. 相似文献
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How is the immune system designed to choose between making antibodies against some targets, killer cells against viral infections and helper cells for infected macrophages? 相似文献
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A growing herd of cloned calves may provide a variety of human antibodies(抗体) to treat diseases ranging from childhood ear infections to smallpox.The cloned and genetically engineered calves carry not just a single human gene, but a section of genes that 相似文献