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1.
Although criticism of the competence‐based education (CBE) strategy which underpins National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) has grown in recent years, this still receives considerably less emphasis than the general approval and public endorsement of the National Council for Vocational Qualifications (NCVQ) framework at all levels of the system. An aspect of the implementation of NVQs which merits closer attention is the apparent mismatch between the behaviourist‐inspired NVQ system and the dominant modes of learning and teaching in post‐school education derived from the experiential tradition. This relationship is explored in theoretical terms, by examining the concept of CBE against the background of experiential learning theory, and also in terms of empirical research in the field, including an on‐going Warwick University study of the implementation of NVQs in local FE colleges in the areas of catering, business studies and hairdressing. It is suggested that, in spite of the fact that many FE lecturers have managed to accommodate competence outcomes within their preferred approaches to learning, the tensions are such that an exclusive concern with performance outcomes must inevitably thwart and frustrate the objectives and project of experiential learning. The NVQ framework is ill‐equipped to provide the necessary foundation for post‐16 curriculum reform along the lines currently being proposed by almost all relevant agencies. The recently introduced general NVQs (GNVQs), however, can be seen as a means of remedying some of the key problems of NVQs and may help to establish a more solid basis for the desired reforms in vocational education and training.  相似文献   

2.
Recent developments in UK professional education are leading to competence-based National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) being offered alongside academic awards made within the Credit Accumulation and Transfer (CAT) system. Although dual accreditation of this type may be a welcome development, the NVQ and CAT systems have different philosophies and cannot easily be linked in structural relationships. The context-specific notion of competence represented by NVQs is only one dimension of effective professional practice, as in order to operate intelligently in many of the situations with which they are faced, practitioners increasingly need transcendant abilities of reflection, enquiry and creative synthesis. A solution lies in a coherent approach to professional development and accreditation which is based in a constructivist epistemology and allows these overarching abilities to be recognised through the CAT system independently of NVQ requirements, while enabling students to work towards awards through both systems simultaneously without duplication of effort  相似文献   

3.
One of the distinctive features of the English encounter with mass higher education has been the uncertain and ambiguous role of further education colleges as providers of undergraduate education. Both before and during the major expansion that marked the shift to a mass scale of higher education in England, the higher education offered by colleges in the further education sector was commonly regarded as a residual or ancillary activity; its courses mostly at levels below the first degree and its growth in numbers among the slowest in higher education. In the period that followed, these same colleges were accorded a special mission in the delivery of short‐cycle undergraduate education and, through their involvement in foundation degrees, were expected to lead a large part of the expansion in future years. The elevation of this provision, from a zone of ‘low’ or no policy to one of ‘high’ policy, has coincided with a radical reform of the planning, funding and quality arrangements for post‐compulsory education. Under conditions less than favourable to the achievement of their higher education goals, colleges remain the responsibility of one administrative sector and higher education institutions the responsibility of another.  相似文献   

4.
Higher education in further education colleges has a long history and has expanded in recent years. However, higher education in further education colleges is often treated as being unproblematic. This paper rejects the argument that higher education is simply a level of study, noting that it is a contested concept. As such, the paper seeks to establish a robust definition of just what higher education is. It recognises that the higher education sector is characterised by diversity but argues that, in spite of the differences that exist between higher education institutions, there are certain issues relating to the further education sector that mean that higher education in further education colleges is likely to differ from that in higher education institutions. The paper considers that New Public Management reinforces these differences and, when taken alongside recruitment problems within the further education sector, questions whether or not the development of higher education in further education colleges should be welcomed.  相似文献   

5.
新时代的背景下,各行各业都在通过不断地努力来提升自身的工作效率。伴随着高等教育的快速发展和教育体制改革的不断深化,高校的发展面临着新的机遇与挑战。因此,高校工会女工管理需要与时俱进,提高高等教育水平和培养高素质的人才是当务之急。本文结合个人在实践工作过程当中的经验总结,就高校工会女工管理中人员素质与其女工工作展开探讨,希望能够起到抛砖引玉的作用。  相似文献   

6.
独立学院是随着高等教育由精英化向大众化转化的过程中出现的新生事物,实行新的办学模式和管理体制。独立学院管理思路独特,工作思路亦独特。在这个独特的管理和工作思路中,共青团扮演了极其重要的角色。因为它是青年人活跃思想、展现自我的大舞台,它不仅是提升学生个人素质和能力的地方,更是青年人思想升化的阵地。所以做好独立学院团委思想政治教育工作,对提升学生管理工作的质量有显著的作用。  相似文献   

7.
工学结合人才培养模式的探索是当今高职教育的热点之一,文中分析了当前工学结合中校企合作的制约因素,提出了高职院校提高工学结合校企合作质量的对策。  相似文献   

8.
This article highlights the multifaceted character of the Swedish higher education sector and investigates senior academic management positions from a gender perspective using theories about an academic prestige economy and academic capitalism. The focus is on an aspect often overseen in research on Swedish academia: the distinction between universities and university colleges. The analysis draws on interviews with 22 women in senior management positions in Swedish higher education and a quantitative mapping of the Vice-Chancellor and Pro-Vice-Chancellor positions in universities and university colleges between 1990 and 2015. The results illustrate that the academic prestige economy is interwoven with both gender and academic capitalism and produce different working conditions and requirements for senior managers at universities and university colleges.  相似文献   

9.
探索独立学院学生管理工作的新途径   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
独立学院是高校办学体制的创新形式,其学生管理工作也应与时俱进,探索有针对性、具有鲜明特色的新工作思路,以适应教育形势发展需要,满足社会对人才培养的要求。独立学院的学生管理工作应树立“以学生为本”的管理理念,务实创新,在管理方法上体现多元化、人性化。  相似文献   

10.
At a time when Britain's vocational education and training (VET) system and vocational qualifications are undergoing a major review and restructuring in response to critical reports about the model established under the former National Council for Vocational Qualifications, the British Council and associated agencies is currently trying to market National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) overseas. The chief weaknesses and failings of NVQs and the competence‐based education and training (CBET) system on which they are based are outlined in terms of assessment anomalies and the needs of firms, trainees and employers. Since these shortcomings are so so serious, it is suggested that‐‐until they have been remedied through the current reforms under the aegis of the new Qualifications and Curriculum Authority‐‐it is ethically unjustifiable to export a failed VET system to countries which may be unaware of the critical research surrounding NVQs and CBET.  相似文献   

11.
This paper examines the effects of grades from higher education on labour market outcomes. Economic theory predicts that grades are rewarded in the labour market because employers regard them as an expression of valuable skills or a signal of other sought after attributes. Social closure, however, may give reason to expect no effects. Whether good grades are rewarded in the labour market is thus uncertain. This paper addresses this question by examining whether employers tend to reward good grades in the form of employment and higher income. Previous research has demonstrated that the returns to education vary according to structural–institutional labour market settings. We examined the interaction effects between grades and field-specific characteristics and between grades and sector by analysing data on all graduates in these educational programmes at Norwegian universities and university colleges from 1990 through 2006. The education data are linked with multiple other data sources such as the national tax register and the national employment register. We find that good grades have positive effects on both income and employment and that these effects are influenced by both the type of education and sector.  相似文献   

12.
Abstract

Post‐compulsory teacher training in England has been under review, and standards developed by the Further Education Staff Development Forum were to be launched in January 1999 as a precursor to a mandatory qualification for teachers in further education in England and Wales. Until now, many further education colleges have worked in partnership with higher education institutions to run Certificate in Education programmes, which aim to develop both practical teaching skills and critical knowledge and understanding of teaching and learning in a post‐compulsory context. A review of one such programme is outlined here. In a context where further education teachers must help to widen participation and promote lifelong learning, it is argued that any new arrangements for initial teacher training and continuing professional development need to include ‘competence’ in the practical skills involved in teaching and learning, but must also go beyond this, and aim to develop critical knowledge and understanding of the changing context in which staff work. It is argued that turning the new Further Education National Training Organisation standards for further education teachers in England and Wales into a National Vocational Qualification (NVQ) is inadequate to this task. A strengthened partnership between further and higher education providers to develop more robust and coherent approaches to professional capability is advocated.  相似文献   

13.
As a supplement of higher education in our country,higher vocational colleges cultivate plentiful talents for our modernization construction.Recently,with the development of globalization and the cooperative osculation with foreign countries,most employers require higher for the graduates.In this case,the English language teaching of vocational college needs to keep pace of the times and cultivate satisfactory practical talents.This article illustrates by the example of a typical problem in English teaching,making a serious reflection on the aspects of fundamental conceptions,basic principles and teaching strategies,and proposes some feasible suggestions.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

The developing roles of Regional Advisory Councils (RACs) are examined from their inception in 1946 to the present time. The focus of the examination is on the role of matching the provision of further and higher education to the needs of industry which RACs were intended to occupy and in particular on their role in organising and disseminating Advanced Technology. The traditional work of RACs which developed from that original remit is contrasted with their actual, present areas of involvement to show that they have undergone fundamental changes in their organisation and roles, especially during the last five years. It is suggested that at present there are so many regional organisations dealing in further and higher education that the situation is confusing to the end‐user and that the introduction of the work‐based delivery of NVQs and the establishment of TECs creates further pressing needs. It concludes that the time is right for a rationalisation of regional provision and that the Regional Advisory Council structure may provide an appropriate focus for such a rationalisation.  相似文献   

15.
和平与发展是时代发展中一个特定阶段的主题,它是一个过程,时代的本质并没有变.高校德育要跟上时代,必须突出共产主义信念教育、爱国主义教育、艰苦奋斗教育和创新能力的培养.  相似文献   

16.
通过对石家庄市部分企事业单位人才需求状况进行问卷调查发现,具有大专及其以上学历、具有工作经验的求职者更受欢迎;较强的人际交往能力、良好的合作意识及较强的学习能力是许多用人单位对人才素质的要求;优厚的薪金是企业激励员工的主要方式。该调查对教学的启示在于：要融素质教育于日常教学之中,加强思想引导,强化实践教学。  相似文献   

17.
加快高校品牌建设步伐,推进高等教育向更高层次、更高质量发展,是国家经济社会发展及中原经济区建设的急迫需要。大学制度创新能够为高校品牌建设营造适宜的外部与内部体制环境,缔造高校持续发展的长效机制,也是解决河南高等教育现存问题的重要途径。其着力点是,积极推进政府对大学管理制度和高校内部管理制度的创新,塑造崇高的大学精神与文化,为品牌大学建设与发展营造体制机制环境与精神文化支撑。  相似文献   

18.
ABSTRACT

Increasing emphasis is being placed upon employer expectations in research on graduate employability, in response to the widely claimed gap between employer expectations and graduates’ understanding of these expectations. For graduates, being uncertain of their employer’s expectations may threaten the ease of their transition into the workplace and their job satisfaction, even leading to issues around graduate retention for employers. External influences on the graduate labour market such as differences in industry/sector level expectations and economic/political factors, can pose further complications. This paper presents a cross-industry analysis of employer expectations of graduates, drawing from four selected case study vignettes aimed at uncovering insights into these variances. Findings offer implications for policy makers and higher education providers around the design and delivery of a curriculum that appropriately prepares students for the graduate labour market, whilst also catering for industry-level expectations particularly in light of the UK’s forthcoming departure from the EU.  相似文献   

19.
Higher education in the UK is under increasing pressure to manage the workload of its academic staff in a way that maximises the outputs from teaching and research. The emergence of this trend can be traced back to 1989 and the government legislation that introduced neo-liberal managerialism into the sector mirroring the laissez-faire approach to the economy that was prevalent at the time. This article examines the literature surrounding workload management and staff performance in the sector to try to establish whether the two have been conceptually linked. A desk-based narrative literature review was executed in order to scrutinise the literature and attempt to answer the main question: what does ‘performance’ mean in relation to an academic role and how is this related to an academic’s workload within the post-92 (referring to ex-polytechnics and colleges of higher education granted university title following the Further and Higher Education Act 1992) higher education sector? The results of the review show that the literature is dichotomous both in terms of the two areas being discrete and also in the conceptual stance taken by writers in each area. Whilst there are inferred links between workload management and performance, these have not been explored. The article concludes by outlining what further research is needed on the linkages between workload management and staff performance specifically, using socially-critical methodology.  相似文献   

20.

This research examines the utilisation of part-time lecturers in the further education (FE) sector and considers the impact that has on the quality of service delivery. The research has used qualitative and quantitative methods in a longitudinal study of a sample of 42 sessional lecturers drawn from colleges within the East Midlands. The article explores changes within the sector providing a literature review on the changing nature of the FE sector. The article then considers the experience and reality of those employed as sessional lecturers, highlighting the benefits of a flexible workforce to the organisation, but also considering some of the main issues surrounding its utilisation. The article concludes with reflections on the implications for college management of present trends in flexible staffing.  相似文献   

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