共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 446 毫秒
1.
2.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):229-233
A general paradigm of a rating error theory is presented with a study testing relationships from the theory. The study aimed to discover the effects of source credibility, attitude valence, and task sensitization on trait errors in the evaluation of speeches. The main hypothesis of the study was an interaction effect on trait errors in the speech ratings. The results indicate a significant triple interaction, suggesting that when speech raters are sensitized to the task and are in favor of the view of the speaker, their trait errors on “ideas” will favor a low credibility speaker. The results are explained in terms of attraction and similarity. 相似文献
3.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):337-361
This paper reports the results of two longitudinal studies of openness‐closedness cycling in relationship development based upon a model by Altman, Vinsel, and Brown (1981). Study 1 consists of behavioral observations of interactions among acquainting dyads over four weeks. Study 2 consists of self‐reported measures of subjects’ openness, openness of other, communication satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction in intact relationships over ten weeks. Fourier Analyses of the time series were conducted and meta‐analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. Both studies strongly support a cyclical model. There appear to be short cycles recurring within conversations superimposed over larger cycles across conversations. The results also suggest that people match and time the amplitude and frequency of their own cycling behavior to coincide with that of their partner. Study 2 found that the cycles of perceived openness coincide with fluctuations in communication satisfaction and that deteriorating relationships and older relationships evidence greater amplitudes in their cyclical fluctuations. 相似文献
4.
Kimo Ah Yun Ph.D. 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(2):166-173
This study examined factors that were predicted to be related to the effect that attitude dissimilarity has on interpersonal attraction in the first few minutes of an initial interaction. In this study, 114 participants engaged in dyadic interactions with same‐sex partners that varied in attitude similarity. Prior to and after interacting with one another, participants rated their partner's personal character and whether they believed that a future interaction would be a positive one. These data revealed that the perceived quality of future interactions significantly improved over time and character attributions partially improved. The global predictions made in this study were framed and supported as an expectancy violation explanation. 相似文献
5.
Bradley S. Greenberg Kimberly Neuendorf Nancy Buerkel Rothfuss Laura Henderson 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(2):519-535
This two‐pronged study analyzed soap opera content, centering on demographics, problems, conversations and sex behaviors, and surveyed soap viewers to determine viewing motives, involvement, and possible effects of soap viewing. 相似文献
6.
This investigation explored the impact of relational uncertainty and its correlates (i.e., attraction and romantic intent) on cognitive, communicative, and behavioral outcomes in cross-sex friendships. Participants included 352 people who reported on a current cross-sex friendship. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that social attraction increased relational satisfaction while relational uncertainty decreased relational satisfaction. Further, social attraction decreased topic avoidance while romantic intent and relational uncertainty increased topic avoidance. Finally, social attraction increased the use of relationship talk, routine contact and activity, and emotional support maintenance behaviors, while relational uncertainty decreased the use of these maintenance behaviors. This study provides researchers with a starting point for understanding the consequences associated with interpersonal attraction, romantic intent, and relational uncertainty in cross-sex friendships. 相似文献
7.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):62-64
Anxiety experienced while in a public speaking situation (speech anxiety) is discussed within the framework of Trait‐State Anxiety Theory. Speech anxiety may be considered a dispositional variable designed to measure individual differences in speech anxiety proneness (Speech A‐Trait) or a measure of anxiety experienced during a particular speech (Speech A‐State). Physiological and behavioral measures of speech anxiety are typically viewed as A‐State measures. Self‐report indices may be considered either state or trait anxiety measures depending on the context in which the measures were obtained. The development of a scale to measure both Speech A‐State and Speech A‐Trait, including initial normative, reliability, and validity data, is reported. 相似文献
8.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):371-380
Two experiments were conducted to identify kinds of interpersonal information conveyed by vocal and content aspects of speech. Speech samples conveying (1) vocal, (2) content, and (3) both vocal and content information were evaluated. Transmitted information was measured by agreement among subjects on adjective rating scales. Most of the information about “benevolence” was conveyed by content, while most of the information about “social attractiveness” was conveyed by the vocal aspect of speech. Information about “competence” was conveyed by both the vocal and content aspects with male subjects, but with female subjects most of this information was conveyed by the vocal aspect. 相似文献
9.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):146-152
Subjects differing in interpersonal construct differentiation completed both an attitude measure and a behavioral intentions measure (in which subjects’ behavioral intentions in each of nine attitude‐relevant interpersonal situations were assessed) toward a subject‐selected target person. While the overall correlation between attitude and the behavioral intentions index was high (r = .85,), low‐differentiation subjects displayed significantly greater attitude‐behavioral intentions consistency (r = .95,) than did high‐differentiation subjects (r = .75). Correspondingly low differentiation subjects exhibited significantly less variability in the evaluative direction of their behavioral intentions than did high‐differentiation subjects (construct differentiation and variance in individuals’ behavioral intentions were correlated, r = .37). The results are interpreted as suggesting that within a given domain, persons with developmentally less advanced cognitive systems place greater reliance on evaluative consistency principles in organizing their beliefs and behaviors and hence are more likely to exhibit attitude‐behavior consistency than are persons with more developed systems. 相似文献
10.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(87-88):273-300
SUMMARY This article explores the postmodern psychotherapeutic view of the therapist as a non-expert. The author seeks to draw an analogy between the professional expertise and knowledge of the reference librarian and the expertise of the psychotherapist, with special reference to the postmodern idea of the posture of non-expertise. Reference librarians will provide a higher degree of user satisfaction to patrons when the reference interview is approached as a collaborative and dialogic process that is grounded in the attitude of non-expertise. The stance of the reference librarian as non-expert will move the profession of librarian-ship away from the technocrat/expert model and back towards its earlier mission of service and human-centered values. 相似文献
11.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):239-261
This study investigated the contribution of nonverbal cues to supportive communication in interactions between mothers and young adult children. Current support communication research primarily focuses on verbal messages communicating support or conceptualizes nonverbal communication in narrow ways. Using the concept of interactional sensitivity from attachment theory for direction, a number of hypotheses concerning support provision were proposed in order to develop our understanding in this area. Findings provide insight into the role of nonverbal as well as verbal communication in supportive interaction. Interactional sensitivity—in the form of certain conversational involvement cues (vocal warmth/interest and kinesic/proxemic attentiveness), responses appropriate to the child's needs, and movement synchrony—predicted young adult children's perceptions of mothers’ supportiveness during a conversation about a relationship problem. 相似文献
12.
It has been suggested that blind persons lack appropriate communicative social skills. One aspect of social skills is the ability to regulate interaction smoothly. The study examined turn‐taking resources utilized by congenitally blind persons. Conversational Analysis was employed to discover the turn‐taking resources used by six congenitally blind individuals in three dyads (i.e., one male, one female and one mixed dyad). The results were compared with past research on turn‐taking resources utilized by sighted conversers. Overall, the participants utilized the majority of focal resources reported in research on sighted individuals. However, non‐vocal resources deviated from those found in previous research on sighted conversers. Specifically, tactile resources were not used; self‐adaptors, gestures and posture shifts were seldom used; mechanistic movements of the head and atypical use of facial orientation were discovered. Possible implications of these finding are discussed. 相似文献
13.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):261-282
The study reports a factor analytic investigation of the interpersonal attraction construct. Two‐hundred and fifteen subjects completed 30 Likert‐type, seven‐step scales concerning an acquaintance. Factor analysis indicated three dimensions of the interpersonal attraction construct which were labeled “task” “social” and “physical.” The results of this study and four replications suggest that the resulting 15‐item instrument can be expected to measure reliably three dimensions of interpersonal attraction. 相似文献
14.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):131-142
The principle of congruity was proposed several years ago as an explanation for certain behavioral changes in communication situations. In this article the principle of congruity is offered as an explanation for attitude change in an oral communication situation. A predictive model is developed, taking a listener's attitude toward the speaker, the speech topic, the speaker's delivery, and the stylistic treatment of the speech topic as the significant variables in determining what the listener's attitude toward the speaker and the speech topic will be after listening to the speech. An experiment to test the predictive model is reported. The results generally support a principle of congruity in this type of oral communication situation. 相似文献
15.
16.
This research examines sense-making about hurtful episodes between parents and adolescents and how sense-making processes relate to subsequent communication. Results highlight differences in the events parents and adolescents find hurtful and the complex forces that influence accounts for hurtful episodes. Children were less affected overall by hurtful episodes and provided more benevolent accounts of parents' hurtful actions and words. Parents demonstrated typical victim–perpetrator biases, particularly when relationship quality was low. Furthermore, findings provided evidence that sense-making about hurtful events may affect follow-up conversations. Intentionality attributions and the similarity of pre-interaction accounts predicted the difficulty and negativity of subsequent conversations, based on both perceived and observed ratings. Account similarity also predicted observed aspects of joint storytelling in the conversations. 相似文献
17.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):307-355
Six themes of physicians' relational communication were hypothesized to predict patients' satisfaction and compliance, to relate to strategies used by physicians to gain compliance, and to relate to frequency of physician‐patient contact. Telephone interviews with 234 adults who had seen a primary care physician within the previous six months confirmed that perceived relational communication was strongly related to affective, cognitive, and behavioral satisfaction. More expressions of receptivity, immediacy, composure, similarity, and formality and less dominance by the physician were associated with greater patient satisfaction. Only perceived similarity related to patient‐reported compliance. Several relational message themes were associated with physicians’ use of 17 verbal compliance‐gaining strategies. More prior contact also was associated with more perceived use of immediacy and receptivity messages by the physician and with more satisfaction. Finally, satisfaction was modestly correlated with compliance. 相似文献
18.
Norton B. Young 《Communication Studies》2013,64(3):19-25
The dynamic relationships between manipulations of auditory feedback and the vocal responses of the individual have been of both theoretical and practical interest. The present study sought to investigate one of the auditory feedback variables, namely, vocal pitch, which had heretofore received little attention. An attempt was made to assess the effects of an experimental pitch‐shift of auditory feedback on the speaker's own vocal pitch, while maintaining normal relationships of the other feedback variables. Vocal pitch changes were seen to accompany the pitch‐shifts of auditory feedback. However, these differences were not statistically significant and did not prove predictable from the amount and direction of change in the auditory feedback. 相似文献
19.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):273-276
While stylistic rhetorics of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance are relatively well‐known, the ancient Latin works on figures of speech and thought have not attracted much attention. This paper extends our knowledge of the stylistic movement by surveying the extant classical Latin texts exclusively devoted to rhetorical figures. The treatises of Rutilius Lupus, Aquila Romanus, Julius Rufinianus and of several anonymous authors are reviewed and the development of figurist doctrine from the first century B.C. to the fourth century A.D. is sketched. It is suggested that the classical manuals on figures of thought and speech were similar in both form and content to the stylistic rhetorics of later generations and that we should regard the stylistic pattern as a single tradition which persists from the Hellenistic era through the seventeenth century A.D. 相似文献
20.
Communication privacy management theory maintains permeability rules manifest as communication strategies used during conversation. Although postdivorce families tend to privilege openness, this conclusion is based on recalled reports and single discussions about negatively valenced topics. To determine whether ambiguity functions as a manifestation of permeability rules and its effects on relational satisfaction and psychological well-being, 39 parent-emerging adult child dyads discussed one negatively valenced and one positively valenced postdivorce topic. Results indicated parents were ambiguous while discussing negatively and positively valenced topics, and children were perceptive of parents' ambiguity during the conversations. No differences were found between parents' use and children's perceptions of parents' ambiguity. Further, children's relational satisfaction and psychological well-being were affected by ambiguity in both discussions. 相似文献