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认知行为疗法在学困生转化中能够取得较好的效果,具体应用中首先要和学困生建立良好的师生关系,其次发现并采用认知疗法中的认知改变技术来改变学困生在学习中存在的错误认知,再次采用认知行为疗法中的行为技术改变学困生的学习行为。 相似文献
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在线讨论作为在线学习的重要组成部分,其产生的文本数据可以反映学习者的认知水平、互动质量以及情绪状态。学习情绪影响认知行为,从而影响学习成效,研究学习情绪和认知行为之间的关系非常重要。文章基于Harris等人的情绪分类法和蔡今中的认知分类体系,使用内容分析法和滞后序列分析法研究学习者的动态学习情绪、认知行为序列模式以及学习情绪和认知行为之间的关系。研究表明:困惑情绪和消极情绪会转化为积极情绪,但是中性情绪不会转化为积极情绪;学习者倾向于呈现描述行为和推断或解释行为,且认知行为序列模式具有渐进性特征;描述行为会引发消极情绪,比较行为、推断或解释行为会引发积极情绪。教师可根据学习者的行为转换情况进行适当的指导和干预,以提升学习者的学习效果。 相似文献
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数学学习的过程就是把数学知识结构经过学生的积极思维活动,转化为他们头脑里的数学认知结构.非智力因素在数学学习中的作用越来越受到广大教师的重视.注重非智力因素的培养,有助于数学认知结构的优化.本文主要讨论了兴趣、情感和意志等对优化数学认知结构的促进作用. 相似文献
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内隐学习是认知心理学的一个重要概念,是区别于传统外显学习的学习过程。文章探讨了内隐学习理论,以及内隐学习与外显学习的关系,分析了在网络环境下大学英语教学中如何通过营造内隐知识外显转化环境、发挥内隐学习在语感习得中的作用、重视学习兴趣在内隐知识外显化中的作用,来转化大学英语学习中的内隐知识,提高学习效率。 相似文献
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胡艳 《陕西理工学院学报(社会科学版)》2003,21(4):79-82
视唱练耳课程的学习过程与心理学中的认知心理有着密切关系，由于内容涉猎广泛，一些学生学习遇到困难时，出现思维混乱，失去学习信心。为了解决这些问题，需要从认知心理过程入手、从心理学角度进行研究，找出问题症结，逐步给予解决。其中涉及到记忆、注意、感觉、认知、思维、表象、转化等认知心理概念，都对理解视唱练耳中的认知心理有积极作用。 相似文献
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张高豪 《福建基础教育研究》2019,(2):120-121
学生在书写离子方程式时经常出现失误,原因在于迷思概念的阻挠。发现学生学习过程中的迷思概念,以认知心理学理论为指导,通过有意义学习、创设认知冲突、思维可视化、解除"前摄抑制"等策略转化学生的迷思概念。 相似文献
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英语教学中的团体合作交流,旨在发挥学生英语学习主体价值作用,以合作交流来增强英语学习认知体验过程,促进知识技能转化生成。教师要从学习氛围创设、团队搭建、角色转化等方面进行团体合作交流,培养学生英语自主学习和主动探究的能力,促进团队学习精神的形成。 相似文献
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教学研究与实践的学习转向呼唤学习理论的发展及其教学转化,不断融合认知主义和人本主义的建构主义学习论为教学提供了重要的理论基石,逐渐形成了以增强学习者知识基础与宽度为条件重构其失衡的知识体系,以问题情境为注脚建构差异性认知模式和以学习共同体为交往平台验证假设与留白等具有内在逻辑和观念体系的教学转化过程,并需要克服当前建构主义学习论引用过程中的教学场域时空局限、教师权威的传统“压制”以及以教为核心的文化固化形式,转变教师角色定位,进而形成以学为核心的教学新文化,提高教学效率. 相似文献
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物理习题是针对物理现象、概念与规律等设置的训练性题目,用来帮助学生加深对所学物理知识的理解,掌握解题方法,培养理论联系实际的能力.因此,物理习题教学也是整个大学物理教学中必不可少的一部分.随着信息技术在物理教学中逐步深入渗透,信息技术与物理习题教学整合也正成为信 相似文献
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初中物理教学要适当开展科学探究活动,加入科学探究活动的初中物理教学课程更加注重学生学习的过程,注重学习过程可以确保学生在融入科学探究活动的初中物理学习时进一步提升对物理学习的兴趣,培育学生自主学习的能力,从而达到提升学生物理综合素质的目的。结合传统物理教学实践,我们通过物理融入实际生活、物理结合实验教学、重视物理与其他学科的联系等途径提高初中学生的科学探究能力。 相似文献
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物理教学手段多样化的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陈荣华 《江西教育学院学报》1999,20(6):35-37
在现代科学技术迅猛发展、物理知识总量急骤增长的时代,要充分发挥多种物理教学手段的功能,大力采用电化教学和计算机辅助教学,从而实现物理教学手段多样化和物理教学水平的整体优化。 相似文献
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赖昭胜 《赣南师范学院学报》2006,27(3):125-127
物理新课程标准理念深刻地改变了物理教学的目标、性质和模式.针对新课程标准理念下的物理教学改革,就改进教学方法、强化学生的学习体验来提高其的实践能力,以及就建立多元的、发展的教学评价体系,促进师生科学素质的全面提高等方面进行了探讨. 相似文献
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针对当前大学物理教学在方法论教育上存在的误区,分析了在大学物理教学中渗透物理学方法论教育的必要性,提出了在大学物理教学实践中渗透物理学方法论教育、实现大学物理课程教育价值的教学策略。 相似文献
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This study identifies proficiency levels in pre-service physics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and reveals how teacher education can promote transitions into higher proficiency. Teacher education plays a fundamental role in supporting pre-service teachers' PCK development. Proficiency levels are a powerful source when evaluating this PCK development because they characterize what learners are likely to be able to know on a specific level. Previous research has presented a model of proficiency levels in pre-service physics teachers' PCK; however, evidence for the model's validity is still lacking. According to the Refined Consensus Model of PCK, factors such as teachers' content knowledge (CK), their teaching experience, and their beliefs about teaching and learning science promote PCK development. Thus, understanding how and when pre-service physics teachers' CK, teaching experience, and beliefs contribute to their proficiency can bring insights into how teacher education can promote PCK development. To address this issue, N = 427 observations of pre-service physics teachers were analyzed. Utilizing the scale anchoring procedure, four different proficiency levels in pre-service physics teachers' PCK were identified. Analyzing these proficiency levels showed that lower levels can be characterized as remembering content-unspecific knowledge, whereas higher levels encompass content-specific strategies to structure and elaborate lessons. Additionally, logistic regression models revealed that pre-service physics teachers' CK is crucial for an increase in PCK proficiency. However, transitions into higher levels of PCK additionally require teaching experience and adequate beliefs about teaching and learning. Thus, our proficiency levels can be used to bring insights into how proficiency in PCK can be supported during teacher education. For example, teacher education should provide courses focusing on the science curriculum and the assessment of student learning to promote pre-service physics teachers' progression in PCK. 相似文献
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In the present paper, we propose an alternative, based on constructivism, to the conventional way of teaching basic physics courses at the university level. We call this approach ‘coherent teaching’ and the underlying philosophy of teaching science and engineering ‘need-based learning’. We have been applying this philosophy in practice in a basic physics course at the Department of Engineering Physics and Mathematics of Helsinki University of Technology. Here we present the main ideas of the new approach and how we have implemented them, as well as discuss how coherent teaching has affected the students' opinions about the course and how it has changed the learning results. 相似文献
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Toward preparing students for change: A critical discussion of the contribution of the history of physics in physics teaching 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Walter Jung 《Science & Education》1994,3(2):99-130
In this paper I place physics teaching, and the inclusion of the history of physics into teaching, within a wide context. I start from the conviction that there are considerable changes ahead in the life circumstances of people in western industrial societies. This expectation should influence our aims of education generally, and in particular the aims of physics teaching. The paper does not offer final solutions, but analyses the situation and thereby argues for a change in perspective in physics teaching. The main idea is that physics teaching has to solve the problem of balancing seemingly incompatible needs, for example, conveying a stock of stable, dependable physics knowledge to students, and on the other hand to train them to see their physics knowledge within varying contexts of change. It is argued that the history of physics can be of high value in solving this problem.This article was originally published in: F. Bevilacqua and P.J. Kennedy (eds.): 1983, Proceedings of the Conference on Using History of Physics in Innovatory Physics Education, Pavia University. 相似文献
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Terhi Mäntylä 《Science & Education》2013,22(6):1361-1387
In teaching physics, the history of physics offers fruitful starting points for designing instruction. I introduce here an approach that uses historical cognitive processes to enhance the conceptual development of pre-service physics teachers’ knowledge. It applies a method called cognitive-historical approach, introduced to the cognitive sciences by Nersessian (Cognitive Models of Science. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, pp. 3–45, 1992). The approach combines the analyses of actual scientific practices in the history of science with the analytical tools and theories of contemporary cognitive sciences in order to produce knowledge of how conceptual structures are constructed and changed in science. Hence, the cognitive-historical analysis indirectly produces knowledge about the human cognition. Here, a way to use the cognitive-historical approach for didactical purposes is introduced. In this application, the cognitive processes in the history of physics are combined with current physics knowledge in order to create a cognitive-historical reconstruction of a certain quantity or law for the needs of physics teacher education. A principal aim of developing the approach has been that pre-service physics teachers must know how the physical concepts and laws are or can be formed and justified. As a practical example of the developed approach, a cognitive-historical reconstruction of the electromagnetic induction law was produced. For evaluating the uses of the cognitive-historical reconstruction, a teaching sequence for pre-service physics teachers was conducted. The initial and final reports of twenty-four students were analyzed through a qualitative categorization of students’ justifications of knowledge. The results show a conceptual development in the students’ explanations and justifications of how the electromagnetic induction law can be formed. 相似文献