首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Music has an important place in theatre productions and in instructional audiovisual material. Why is this, what functions has the music and what are its effects? Literature on music in audio‐visual material and on its design is very scarce. The concept of music and its characteristics are described in some detail, indicating that music per se has no referential meaning. The theory is presented that music has an emotional effect that can be manipulated by the developer of audio‐visual material. On the other hand, music offers resources for commenting and structuring audio‐visual material.  相似文献   

2.
针对目前计算机网络安全实践教学中普遍存在的设备及场地不足、硬件损坏等问题,提出了一种Visual pc虚拟机技术的解决方法,该方法挖掘了现有设备的潜力,提高了设备的利用率,可在一定程度上使上述问题得到缓解,并能够增加学生的实践动手机会,加深学生对网络安全相关理论的巩固。  相似文献   

3.
Despite the exponential growth of visual research in the social sciences in the last three decades, continuing empirical enquiries are arguably more relevant than ever. Earlier research employed visual methods primarily to investigate distinct cultural practices, often seeking the views of marginalized, challenging or hard-to-reach participants. In this study, non-British postdoctoral academics took photographs that visually or symbolically represented the highlights of their academic acculturation experience as international PhD students in the UK. The semi-structured interviews of academic and non-academic related experiences that made a significant impression revolved around participants’ visual metaphors. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, a widely employed inductive qualitative technique, was utilized, with visual data complementing the narrative evidence. This innovative method both aesthetically and insightfully enhanced the representation of participants’ lived experiences and was instrumental in validating participants’ narratives. Additionally, this article examines the pragmatic utility of employing metaphors in a photo elicitation technique (also critically reflected upon by the participants who are academic researchers themselves). The paper therefore offers a collective reflection not only on the features and advantages of this approach, but also on the key challenges and some recommendations to inform contemporary visual methods practice.  相似文献   

4.
INTRODUCTION In this paper, we present our work in the Strand Map Service (SMS), which provides concept map based browsing interfaces for resource discovery in a library independent manner within American Na- tional Science Digital Library (NSDL). As critical components of digital libraries, dis- covery systems provide interfaces that support user to search and browse for resources in digital libraries (Hall et al., 1999). The effectiveness of discovery systems has big impact on the…  相似文献   

5.
《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(23):91-107
RESUMEN

Se propone un programa de aprendizaje de la lectura con el que se intentarán superar algunos inconvenientes planteados con otras metodologías. Este programa parte de conductas que la totalidad de los niños tienen desde los primeros años (discriminación visual) y disocia el aprendizaje de la lectura del de la escritura. El programa se divide en dos apartados: introducción a la discriminación visual e introducción a la fonética. Se hace una descripción del programa y de su aplicación en un centro escolar. Aunque es prematuro hablar de resultados definitivos, el programa se presenta como una alternativa válida para el inicio del aprendizaje de la lectura.  相似文献   

6.
We taught 8 pigeons to discriminate 16-icon arrays that differed in their visual variability or “entropy” to see whether the relationship between entropy and discriminative behavior is linear (in which equivalent differences in entropy should produce equivalent changes in behavior) or logarithmic (in which higher entropy values should be less discriminable from one another than lower entropy values). Pigeons received a go/no-go task in which the lower entropy arrays were reinforced for one group and the higher entropy arrays were reinforced for a second group. The superior discrimination of the second group was predicted by a theoretical analysis in which excitatory and inhibitory stimulus generalization gradients fall along a logarithmic, but not a linear scale. Reanalysis of previously published data also yielded results consistent with a logarithmic relationship between entropy and discriminative behavior.  相似文献   

7.
ABSTRACT

This study investigated the redundancy effect on older and younger persons’ cognitive performance in a caregiver video training. Participants (N = 92) were recruited from one research-intensive university and three senior centers in a midsize city in the western United States. The mixed within- and between-subjects design was used. Participants watched the caregiving video with caption followed by a video without caption or vice versa depending on the condition. The results showed that older persons benefited from the redundancy learning whereas younger persons suffered from the redundancy learning. Implications of the findings are discussed with suggestions for future research.  相似文献   

8.
Visual methods are often marginalised in educational research and have not been employed to collect information about sexuality at school. This paper examines the viability and effectiveness of conducting research about the ‘sexual cultures’ of schools in New Zealand using photo‐diaries and photo‐elicitation. ‘Effectiveness’ is judged by what the visual methodologies literature purports are the benefits of these methods. These advantages include providing participants with greater autonomy over what and how data is collected. The paper argues it is feasible to employ visual methods to research sexuality in schools. Such methods offer participants alternative means of recounting their stories, can help illuminate an esoteric object of investigation like ‘sexual cultures’ and engage participants less likely to volunteer for sexuality research. The use of visual methods is not without challenges however. Securing ethics approval and school participation along with problems with camera retrieval and protecting participant agency were some difficulties encountered in the current study. For those wishing to pursue less conventional research methodologies in educational settings, this discussion highlights potential benefits and struggles.  相似文献   

9.
In Experiment 1, pigeons were trained to discriminate the duration (2 or 8 sec) of an empty interval separated by two 1325-Hz tone markers by responding to red and green comparison stimuli. During delay testing, a choose-short bias occurred at 1 sec, but a robust choose-long bias occurred at 9 sec. Responding in the absence of tone markers indicated that the pigeons were attending to the markers and not simply timing the total trial duration. The birds were then trained to match short (2-sec) or long (8-sec) empty intervals marked by light to blue/yellow comparisons. For both visual and auditory markers, delay testing produced a choose-short bias at 1 sec and a choose-long bias at 9 sec. In Experiment 2, the pigeons were shifted from a fixed to variable intertrial intervals (ITI) within sessions. On trials with tone markers, the duration of both the empty interval and the preceding ITI affected choice responding. On trials with light markers, only the duration of the empty interval influenced choice responding. Subsequent delay testing in the context of variable ITIs replicated the memory biases previously obtained. In Experiment 3, performance was assessed at various delay intervals on trials in which either the first or the second marker was omitted. The data from these omission tests indicated that the first marker initiated timing but that the second marker sometimes initiated the timing of a new interval. Explanations of these effects in terms of the internal clock model of timing are discussed, and a simple quantitative model of the delay interval data is tested.  相似文献   

10.
The apartheid policies in South Africa had a marked influence on the accessibility and quality of school science experienced by the different race groups. African learners in particular were seriously disadvantaged in this regard. The issues of equity and redress were foremost in transformation of the education system, and the accompanying curriculum reform. This paper reports on equity in terms of equality of outputs and equality of inputs in South African school science, with a particular focus on the implementation of practical science investigations. This was a qualitative case study of two teachers on their implementation of science investigations at two schools, one a township school, previously designated for black children, and the other a former Model C school, previously reserved for white children. My study was guided by the curriculum implementation framework by Rogan and Grayson in trying to understand the practice of these teachers at schools located in contextually diverse communities. The framework helped profile the implementation of science investigations and also enabled me to explore the factors which are able to support or hinder this implementation.  相似文献   

11.
In a sample of 39 children with mathematical learning disabilities (MLD) and 106 typically developing controls belonging to three control groups of three different ages, we found that visual perception, motor skills and visual-motor integration explained a substantial proportion of the variance in either number fact retrieval or procedural calculation. Furthermore, children with MLD performed significantly worse on visual perception, motor skills and visual-motor integration in comparison with age-matched control children. A mild developmental delay in visual perception, visual-motor integration and (fine) motor coordination and a severe delay in motor skills were found in children with MLD. However, not all children with MLD have problems on these domains. They seem to be a heterogeneous group, not only with respect to their mathematical profile but also with respect to their visual perceptual, motor and visual-motor integration skills. Diagnostic implications are discussed.  相似文献   

12.
In Experiment 1, pigeons were trained to discriminate short (2 sec) and long (8 sec) durations of tone by responding to red and green comparison stimuli. During delay testing, a systematic response bias to the comparison stimulus correct for the long duration occurred. Tests of responding without the tone reduced accuracy on long-sample trials but not on short-sample trials suggesting that the pigeons were attending to the tone and not simply timing the total trial duration. The pigeons were then trained to match short (2 sec) and long (8 sec) durations of light to blue/yellow comparisons. During delay testing, “choose-long errors” occurred following tone durations, but “choose-short errors” occurred following light durations. In Experiment 2, accuracy was assessed on test trials in which the tone and the light signals were simultaneously presented for the same duration or for different durations. Pigeons responded accurately to durations of light, but were unable to accurately respond to durations of tone simultaneously presented with the light. The data from Experiment 1 suggest that there are important differences between light and tone signals with respect to the events that control the termination of timing. The data from Experiment 2 indicate that pigeons cannot simultaneously time visual and auditory signals independently and without interference. Consequently, they are inconsistent with the idea that there is a single internal clock that times both tone and light durations.  相似文献   

13.
ABSTRACT

In classroom, scientific contents are increasingly communicated through visual forms of representations. Students’ learning outcomes rely on their ability to read and understand pictorial information. Understanding pictorial information in biology requires cognitive effort and can be challenging to students. Yet evidence-based knowledge about students’ visual reading strategies during the process of understanding pictorial information is pending. Therefore, 42 students at the age of 14–15 were asked to think aloud while trying to understand visual representations of the blood circulatory system and the patellar reflex. A category system was developed differentiating 16 categories of cognitive activities. A Principal Component Analysis revealed two underlying patterns of activities that can be interpreted as visual reading strategies: 1. Inferences predominated by using a problem-solving schema; 2. Inferences predominated by recall of prior content knowledge. Each pattern consists of a specific set of cognitive activities that reflect selection, organisation and integration of pictorial information as well as different levels of expertise. The results give detailed insights into cognitive activities of students who were required to understand the pictorial information of complex organ systems. They provide an evidence-based foundation to derive instructional aids that can promote students pictorial-information-based learning on different levels of expertise.  相似文献   

14.
A small sample of 20 hearing students and 20 students who are deaf and hard‐of‐hearing participated in this study, which compared their performances on two measures of metacognition. The first measure required participants to visually analyse real‐life pictures and then to choose a response from four options (voiced or signed) indicating which was the best explanation of what was depicted. The second measure required participants to look at five pictures and then to point to the picture that was different. Results identified no significant differences between the performances of the two groups of students on either measure. Males in both groups performed at comparable levels on the two measures, whereas females who were hearing and those who were deaf or hard‐of‐hearing performed significantly better on the visual–voiced measure than on the visual–visual measure. Limitations of this study and recommendations for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

15.
在计算机函授教学中,如何做到在最短的时间里达到最佳的教学效果,如何使文化基础参差不齐的学生学懂、学会visual foxpro程序设计的相关内容,是笔者在文章中着力阐释的重点内容.笔者从历年来的教学实践中总结出因人而异,因类施教的教学方法,充分利用当今成熟而丰富的网络资源提高学生的学习兴趣和学习效率,从而达到了较好的教学效果.  相似文献   

16.
A fundamental criterion for reusing and continuously improving knowledge in product development is ensuring that the knowledge is explicit and visual.This paper is based on the situation of an engineer-to-order（ETO） manufacturing company,where historically grown product variety and related knowledge are diffuse（tacit）.Consequently,several resources are used in（re）developing derivatives of previous products rather than innovating new ones.To establish a more competitive configure-to-order（CTO） product strategy,product knowledge needs to be revealed,systemized,and structured,and thus made explicit.Hence,product-specific knowledge and product variants have been analyzed and subsequently mapped at architectural,functional,and physical levels in one unified map and tested in the form of a proof-of-concept（POC）demonstrator with the introduced SME company.The result is a product portfolio map that forms a base for defining a systemized,transparent,unified product variant overview,which can be used as a basis for implementing a cross-variant product architecture and supporting knowledge-based approaches.  相似文献   

17.
Using visual ethnography as a participatory method that places children’s and young people’s everyday experiences at the centre of research is discussed in this paper. The strengths and challenges of using participatory visual methods as a way of eliciting the thoughts, feelings and identities of young people within various education and training contexts in England are presented through the reflection of two ethnographies’ that encouraged the use of participatory visual techniques to facilitate the gathering of data. Participatory visual approaches capture meaningful child-centred and child-generated perspectives of their everyday lives in situ [Oh, Su-Ann. 2012. ‘Photofriend: Creating Visual Ethnography with Refugee Children.’ Area. 44(3): 382–288. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4762.2012.01111]. The participatory visual method is a powerful instrument within the plethora of methods available to the ethnographer. By offering reflexive accounts of doing ethnography in an unobtrusive and child respectful way the power of ethnography is revealed via its versatility.  相似文献   

18.
The aim of this paper is to present the educational experiences that have been implemented in the community of Madrid (Spain) with students with severe visual impairment or blindness. We highlight why and how the new educational policies being implemented have achieved the genuine inclusion of these students in line with European educational objectives. The study was carried out during the academic years 2010–11 to 2015–16. We conclude that the educational inclusion of students with visual impairment becomes a reality upon the effective participation of two specialized teams, namely, the educational psychologists for young children (divided in stages from zero to three years and from four to 12 years of age) and the educational specialists in visually impaired children. This constitutes a prime example that can be extended to other contexts and other disabilities. It becomes evident that, to be effective, inclusive education requires a joint and coordinated response from all professionals involved in the education process.  相似文献   

19.
We argue that the traditional physical environment is commonly taken for granted and that little consideration has been given to how this affects pupil–teacher interactions. This article presents evidence that certain physical environments do not allow equal visual interaction and, as a result, we derive a set of basic guiding principles that could contribute to the improvement of classroom design. Discussions about research on the design of classroom spaces and the methods to evaluate them articulate the rationale for this study. We seek to accomplish this by focusing on two fundamental variables of the face-to-face communication process: visual and distance. They are discussed in the context of four classroom case studies. The method is based on a hybrid approach composed of first-hand video-photographic records, isovist analysis and proxemic information regarding distances. The conclusions suggest that the proportion and spatial configuration of a classroom have a substantial impact on the number of pupils receiving high-quality visual interaction with the teacher. Finally, the importance of integrating experiential analysis in the architectural design process to ensure the quality and equality of the interaction among the protagonists of the teaching and learning process is highlighted.  相似文献   

20.
RESUMEN

Se presenta una batería de evaluación de la percepción visual en la edad preescolar, momento clave para subsanar cualquier trastorno y valorar sus posibles incidencias en el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura. Basándose en los planteamientos con los que Frostig elaboró su test de desarrollo de la percepción visual se intentan evaluar las siguientes funciones: reconocimiento de la forma, distinción figura-fondo, orientación de un objeto en relación con el observador, transposición o reproducción de ángulos y líneas, y coordinación visomotora. A la vista de los resultados obtenidos en la aplicación de este test en una población escolar de 184 niños de párvulos y 93 del primer curso de EGB, se elaboran unos cuadros y gráficos de referencia y se describe el nivel de eficiencia y el rendimiento mínimo exigible en cada grupo de edad.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号