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1.
Erich Leitner 《Higher Education in Europe》1998,23(3):339-349
The author takes note of the relative unpopularity of pedagogical and in‐service training for university teachers, particularly in the German‐speaking university world, and asks himself why this is the case. The reason, he suggests, has to do with the traditional view that what counts in universities is research, teaching being a secondary preoccupation of the teaching staff. Yet, public opinion as well as selected European higher education institutions and administrations have mounted efforts to make pedagogical training a standard part of the required qualifications of university teaching staff members. Following a survey of European efforts, particularly in the United Kingdom and in Germany, to interest university teachers in university‐level pedagogy, the author presents what a polling of teachers and students in Germany consider to be good teaching practices. He urges all teaching staff members to adopt these practices. 相似文献
2.
The reduced budgetary appropriations that have been allocated to higher education are reflected in the management of the Portuguese university libraries. The organization of the libraries of the University of Lisbon is described, and certain deficiencies common to them and to the other Portuguese university libraries are pointed out, such as the lack of adequately trained professional staff members. Reference is made to the current state of computerization of the catalogues of collections and to the problems which have arisen as a result of the need to standardize procedures with regard to participation in the National Bibliographic Database ‐‐ PORBASE. The role of university libraries in their su rounding communities is stressed as well as the urgent need to find ways of overcoming the crisis situation which characterizes the European university libraries. 相似文献
3.
对高校图书馆核心竞争力的探讨和研究一直是图书馆界关注的热点。民族高校图书馆作为高校图书馆的重要组成部分,因其馆藏文献资源等方面的特殊性而有别于其他高校图书馆。民族高校图书馆应利用自身优势和特色打造核心竞争力,更好地服务于教学科研和民族地区文化建设。 相似文献
4.
M. Mercedes Martínez-González Gérald Duffing 《Education and Information Technologies》2007,12(4):211-228
The Convergence process in which European Union (EU) universities are at present involved supposes that these institutions
not only have to re-structure their degree programmes, but also their teaching and learning methodologies. We study the impact
of this EU process on Database teaching, comparing the practices of three different European universities and using the Convergence
goals as criteria. In our discussion, we identify which aspects in each university are closer to the Convergence goals, and
which are likely to help in achieving these goals. 相似文献
5.
ROSEMARY DEEM 《European Journal of Education》2006,41(2):281-304
The article examines the extent to which the notion of a publicly-funded university as an institution engaging in both teaching and research is likely to be sustained in the European higher education space of the future, given the variety of pressures (including funding and mass higher education) on such a conception of a university and changes in how national governments regard the purposes of higher education. Relevant literature on the changing purposes of universities is reviewed. For illustrative purposes, the article uses an example of recent legislation, the 2004 Higher Education Act, in England, whereby research degree awarding powers are no longer a pre-requisite for the conferral of university status. The position in England's higher education system with regard to research and teaching is contrasted with that of a second UK country, Scotland, which has contrasting policies on teaching and research in universities. The article examines the research-teaching debate from the perspective of individual academics, universities and policy-makers, using recent empirical data where available. It is suggested that whilst academics and their institutions (for different reasons) may be in favour of retaining a link between teaching and research and may resist changes to this, policy-makers faced with rising demands on the public purse may see such links as suited only to an academic elite. Such pressures apply equally to other member countries of the European Higher Education space, so the outcomes of this policy debate about the centrality of research and teaching to universities have many implications for the future shape of European higher education. 相似文献
6.
The paper discusses the approaches of virtual university strategies and developments in Europe. The discussion is partly based on the work done in the Activity 5 in the EU Thematic Network E4 and partly to the experiences gained through the activities of EUNITE virtual university network of six European universities. Based on our experience we see, that e-learning and virtual university approach can be used for renewal of teaching and learning, both on and off campus. Just three years ago, universities seemed mainly to aim only to develop on campus teaching and learning through ICT. Lately, the use of e-learning as a tool for international cooperation and for virtual mobility (Virtual Erasmus) has started to develop through the activities of the European Union e-learning programmes and through the activities of some European university networks, like EUNITE. To promote virtual universities and e-learning, commitment and actions at all levels from EU to individual institutions are needed. 相似文献
7.
Henry Wasser 《Higher Education in Europe》1989,14(1):86-88
In an effort to draw conclusions as to the relative level and quality of training of university heads in western Europe and in the United States, the author has examined the results of two surveys, one of European and one of American heads of universities. He has concluded that as a general rule the average European university head has achieved a more rigorous level of training than has hi3 American counterpart. He has also concluded that the selection procedure for a European head of university is usually more democratic that that employed in the selection of an American head of university. 相似文献
8.
A definition of basic philosophy for our future education is given, and the implications with regard to our future teaching system are analyzed. Then the European primary and secondary education, and automatic selection in the precollege year are discussed. The teaching system in a European engineering school is explained, and a discussion of the main results of the 1957 International Conference on Engineering Education and Training, in Paris, is included. Finally, it is explained why, in many fields of science and engineering, the European university education appears superior to ours. 相似文献
9.
Governance and Management in the New University 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Over the last thirty years, universities have moved towards a universal system of higher education, their objectives have
changed significantly and, consequently, they are looking at making changes to their systems of governance and management.
These changes can only be fully understood in the context of university tradition and culture. In this paper, concepts such
as autonomy, collegial democracy and the status of teaching staff will be discussed from the perspective of the new developments,
which have taken place in European higher education. Finally, new trends in university governing and management will be presented
and discussed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
《Cultura y Educación》2013,25(3):329-344
AbstractRecently the educational system in general, and the university in particular, have suffered a transformation in the way learning, teaching, and subsequently, evaluation are considered due to changes in the European context, including the Bologna Declaration and the constructivist view of learning. There are several adjustments required to implement successfully traditional university teaching practices, such as the use of new technologies in teaching, new ways of tutoring, different groupings, the teaching of competencies and social skills, and, as a result, new forms of evaluation, which constitute the object of this paper. Thus, we show an objective alternative —or complement—to traditional evaluation: a very exhaustive tool for evaluating oral and written presentations which includes four sections: general aspects, contents, questions concerning design and layout, and psychological aspects concerning general competencies. Throughout the paper, the constructivist notions of learning, teaching and evaluation are substantiated and validated with the use of this tool for group or individual presentations or end-of-degree dissertations. 相似文献
11.
The Consortium for Distance University was founded in 1984 to set up a distance teaching university system in Italy. Its activity started in 1986 with the foundation of the Special Purpose School of Information Technology based on distance teaching methods. In 1991 a university diploma was established according to the European educational system. The 3‐year programme includes 28 learning modules and a final apprenticeship. The modules have been developed through a number of learning units, in the form of printed materials and computer‐aided instruction packages that enable learners to organize their own learning autonomously. Assistance to learners takes place in study centres where students meet tutors and use the hardware equipment needed for the software materials. In the academic year 1994/95, an experimental delivery of the university diploma in information technology through the CMC technologies will begin at some Italian universities so that it will be possible to demonstrate how the new modern technologies help students to manage their learning process in real time. 相似文献
12.
13.
浅析面临挑战与机遇的美国研究型大学本科教育 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
存在于美国研究型大学中由来已久的教学与科研的紧张关系直接导致本科教育的削弱和水平下降。文章分别从本科教育的五项内容－－课程、学生、教学、校园文化和师资所存在的问题与应该达到要求出发，探寻了研究型大学本科教育的定位及优势；并指出了今后研究型大学本科教育的发展趋势；利用优势重构系统，树立以学生为中心的观念，走与工业企业结构、提高学生创造能力的途径。 相似文献
14.
This article examines the innovative regulations, methodologies, and institutions involved in the development of the European Higher Education Area and their implications for teaching, research, and management of University Programs for Older People. It also identifies the main tendencies, creative dimensions, and ethical commitments implicit in the objective of educating older people as European citizens. Finally, the paper proposes avenues of research to be pursued for the quality evaluation of university programs for older people in Spain and the European Union. 相似文献
15.
Over the last few decades, globalization and ever-increasing demands of the knowledge-based economy have caused higher education in most countries around the world to undergo significant transformation. Notwithstanding the dramatic changes in higher education, it is clearly noticed that the influence of the European higher education models is still present despite the fact that the American model has then become dominant on higher education in Europe or even worldwide. The changes have been seen in the evolutionary roles of universities, which share the common trend from traditional missions of teaching and research to the third mission for economic development. Despite various viewpoints about the third mission, the common one concerns the entrepreneurial role of university for socio-economic development, underlying the concept of entrepreneurial university in which the collaboration between university and external stakeholders is emphasized. This paper is aimed to present a review of the taxonomy of the three European higher education models, namely the Humboldtian, Napoleonic, and Anglo-Saxon model, which is followed by a discussion on the emergence of the Anglo-American model of higher education. The paper then presents the third mission in relation to the roles of a university in developed countries, which is followed by the elaboration on the transformation from mode 1 to mode 2 in knowledge production, and a pathway toward entrepreneurial universities. 相似文献
16.
大学的根本使命和出路在于改革--奥尔特加·加塞特《大学的使命》的教育改革思想述评 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
奥尔特加·加塞特所著的<大学的使命>在剖析20世纪西班牙政治及欧洲社会和大学存在弊端的基础上,提出大学的根本出路在于改革;主张大学教育包括"文化的传授、专业教学、科学研究和新科学家的培养"三项职能;基于教育的产生和大学教育的对象,阐明教育的经济原理,论述大学融入社会生活环境等问题.其独特的见解和改革思想中也隐含一些矛盾、片面、需要予以批判的观点. 相似文献
17.
李沐杉 《海南广播电视大学学报》2012,(4):123-126
剖析教学督导评估的目的、方法、原则和机构设置基础,提出了基于电大系统办学模式下的教学评估督导模式与运行机制设想：由中央电大牵头制定教学督导联盟规划;组建一支全国电大系统内跨地区不跨专业的教学督导专家团队;逐步尝试区域化合作或主要专业合作为起点的校际之间督导聘用方法及督导体系;建立专门的教学督导信息平台;借鉴欧美教育强国的督导机构经验,引进国外资源。 相似文献
18.
Carin Berg 《Higher Education in Europe》1995,20(4):157-160
Up until now, CEPES, the UNESCO European Centre for Higher Education, was more concerned about universities than about the academies of sciences in the countries making up the region it serves, even though both types of institutions do research. Although university teaching was traditionally linked to research as in the Humboldtian model of the university, the two functions became increasingly separate in eastern Europe. Now, as eastern and central Europe undergo transition to democracy and market economies, it is perhaps time to consider a redefinition and possibly a fusion of roles with academies and universities co‐operating closely for excellence in teaching and in research. 相似文献
19.
完善学科馆员制度是我国高校图书馆的发展趋向,图书馆图书情报服务需要学科化、专业化.我国高校引入学科馆员制度十多年来取得一定成效,也存在诸多问题.欧美高校图书馆学科馆员制度已经非常成熟,值得借鉴.建立健全学科馆员制度,为学校教学科研工作提供高效的图书情报服务,是我国许多高校图书馆当务之急. 相似文献
20.
中世纪欧洲社会已经具备大学萌芽的条件,即学科知识的积累为大学萌芽提供了知识基础,行会的组织管理经验和城镇的生活条件为大学萌芽提供了组织和生活保证,思辨和逻辑推理教学方法的流行为大学萌芽提供了学理的支撑,著名学者的教学为大学萌芽提供了生源保证,西欧社会发展的需要为大学萌芽提供了沃土;教会、世俗政权、学术自治、学科和课程以及制度化等是影响中世纪大学迅速发展最为重要的因素。 相似文献