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1.
Fluid inclusion study has been carried out for the carbonatite dykes/veins and the ore-hosted dolostone of the Bayan Obo superlarge REE-Fe-Nb deposit in order to provide the evidence and constraint for their origin. Based on the detailed geological observation and mineralogical investigation, the heating and cooling stage and laser Raman spectroscopy were mainly used for the laboratory work of this study. Following results have been obtained： （ 1 ） The discovery of melt and melt-fluid inclusions from carbonatite dykes/veins in the Dulahara and Jianshan Mountains, combined with the fine-grained （aplitic） texture of rocks, as well as the types and features of fluid inclusions such as CO2 enrichment, higher homogenization temperature, provides a direct evidence for the magmatic origin of these dykes/veins. （2） The carbonatite dykes/veins distributed in two regions, nearby the axis of the Kuangou anticline and in the east to Bayan Obo town, mainly show coarse-grained texture. No melt inclusion was found, and the fluid inclusions possess features of less CO2, lower homogenization temperature and higher salinity. They are tentatively identified as veins formed by some carbonate-rich hydrothermal solution. （3） Bedding carbonate layers/lens within the hanging wall and foot wall of ore-hosted dolostone, previously recognized as of magmatic origin, mainly composed by dolomite. The existence of single phase pure aqueous inclusions with very low homogenization temperature indicates their sedimentary origin. （4） The ore-hosted dolostone possesses apparent bedding and laminated structures. No melt inclusion was found, but, both single phase pure aqueous inclusions and CO2 bearing muhi-phase fluid inclusions coexisted in dolostones. In the direction towards ore-bodies, the homogenization temperature and CO2 contents of fluid inclusion show an increasing tendency. It indicates the sedimentary origin of dolostone superimposed by late fluid metasomatism. 相似文献
2.
IrinaP.Solovova Theodoros Ntaflos Andrei Girnis Natalya N.Kononkova Vyacheslav V.Akinin 《中国科技期刊研究》2007,23(1):83-92
Melt and fluid inclusions were studied in the minerals of Cenozoic olivine melanephelinites from the Chukehi Peninsula, Russia. The rock contain several generations of olivine phenocrysts varying in composition at mg=0.88 - 0.77. The phenocrysts bear fluid and melt inclusions recording various stages of melt crystallization in volcanic conduits and shallow magma chambers. Primary fluid inclusions are CO2-dominated with a density of up to 0.93 g/cm^3. All fluid inclusions are partially leaked, which is indicated by haloes of tiny fluid bubbles around large fluid inclusions in minerals. Melt inclusions contain various daughter crystals, which were completely resorbed in thermometric experiments at about 1230~C. Assuming that this temperature corresponds to the entrapment conditions of the CO2 fluid inclusions, the minimum pressure of the beginning of magma degassing is estimated as 800MPa. Variations in the compositions of homogenized silicate melt inclusions indicate that olivine was the earliest crystalline phase followed by clinopyroxene, nepheline and orthoclase. This sequence is in agreement with the mineralogy of the rocks. The melts are strongly enriched in incompatible trace elements and volatiles （in addition to CO2 , high C1, F, and S contents were detected）. There are some differences between the compositions of melts trapped in minerals from different samples. Variations in SiO2 , FeO, and incompatible element contents are probably related to melt generations at various levels in a homogeneous mantle reservoir. 相似文献
3.
Kingsley Burlinson 《中国科技期刊研究》2007,23(1):65-71
The acoustic decrepitation method heats a small monomineralic sample and counts pressure impulses as the inclusions burst when they develop high internal pressures. For aqueous fluids, the decrepitation temperature is correlated with the homogenisation temperature, but gas rich fluids give a distinct and characteristic low temperature decrepitation peak which can be used to recognize gas rich fluid inclusions. This information is useful in exploration for Au deposits, which are frequently associated with CO2 rich and sometimes CH4 rich fluids. This distinctive decrepitation occurs because the CO2 rich inclusion fluids expand according to the gas law and develop internal pressures high enough to burst the host mineral grain at temperatures well below their homogenisation temperatures. In contrast, aqueous fluids condense to a liquid and vapour phase during post-entrapment cooling. Upon subsequent heating their internal pressures do not increase significantly until after homogenisation to a single phase occurs and hence they do not decrepitate ＂prematurely＂ as gas rich inclusions do. This behaviour is usually regarded as an annoyance in conventional microthermometric homogenisation studies, but can readily be used as an exploration aid to find mineralisation deposited from such gas rich fluids. Decrepitation results on samples from Cowra Ck, NSW, Australia, which have also been microthermometrically measured for CO2 content, show that amounts of less than 5 mole % CO2 are easily distinguished by decrepitation and amounts as low as 1 mole % CO2 may be determinable. Examples of the use of acoustic decrepitation in the study of 6 gold mines in the Shandong and Hebei provinces of China are discussed. 相似文献
4.
山东招平断裂带大磨曲家金矿床流体包裹体初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Damoqujia gold deposit, discovered recently and located in the north of Zhaoping fault zone, is a large altered rock type deposit. In this paper, we report the preliminary research results of the fluid inclusions and discuss its metallogenic implications. The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions fall into four ranges： 310 ～350℃, 230 ～270℃, 160 ～ 200℃ and 110 ～ 150℃ ; corresponding to the four stages of hydrothermal ore～forming processes ： coarse grain pyrite～milk white quartz stage （ I ）, smoky gray Au～bearing quartz～fine grain pyrite stage （ 11 ） , Au～bearing polymetallic sulfide～quartz stage （ III ） , and quartz～carbonate stage （ IV ）. Ore～forming fluid is with low salinity and low density, ranging from 1.4 WtNacl% to 13.6 WtN～cl% and from 0.48g/cm～ to 1.03g/cm～ respectively. The inclusions are dominated by H20 and CO2 in gaseous compositions, and Na ＋ and K ～ in positive ions, SO～～ and CI ～ in negative ions of liquid compositions. Au～S complex is the major form for transportation of gold. The pressure varied from 260MPa to 340MPa during the formation of CO2～bearing inclusions at the early mineralization; the fluids are rich in SO～～ and Na ＂. The pressure is 26 ～49 ～ 105 Pa during the formation of the aqueous salt inclusions in late mineralization, the inclusions are rich in CI～ （ F～ ）, Na～. ～$18Oqu～,zis 10. 64 ～ 12.68%0, and the corresponding ～518 OH2o and ～＆D is -5.44 ～ 6.47%0 and -95.52 ～ 106.48%o respectively. Based on the studies about compositions and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of inclusions, it is evidenced that ore-forming fluid is magmatic hydrothermal fluid in early period, but affected by meteoric water in late. 相似文献
5.
Abundant melt-and fluid inclusions occur in corundum megacrysts of alkaline basalt from the Changle area, Shandong province, eastern China. One type of melt inclusions, i.e. muhiphase melt inclusions （glass ＋ bubbles ＋ daughter minerals） were identified , which occur along growth zones of host corundum megacrysts. Microthermometry and laser Raman microprobe analysis were performed on the melt inclusions. The bubbles within the melt inclusions are confirmed to be CO2-rich phase and the daughter minerals are probably silicates, such as augite and okenite. The results of high temperature homogenization experiment strongly suggest that two immiscible melts, i.e. a H2O-and CO2-rich melt and an anhydrous and CO2-poor melt were trapped by melt inclusions in corundum megacryst. 相似文献
6.
Rainfall and air temperature data from six meteorological stations above the Bengbu Sluice and hydrological and water resources evaluation data from the Bengbu Hydrological Station in the Huai River Basin from 1961 to 2008 are used to analyze the impact of changes in climatic factors on the amount of water resources in the Basin. There was a general trend of rise in its average annual air temperature, with the highest increase of 0.289oC/10a recorded at Bengbu in Anhui Province. Rising rainfall was mainly observed in the western part of the study area, while rainfall actually declined in the eastern part, i.e. the middle reaches of the Huai River. The Average rainfall in the study area was in a vaguely declining trend. In other words, the rainfall in the Basin is still much affected by natural fluctuations. On the whole, there was a trend of gradual decrease in the quantity of the Basin’s water resources for the period under study. Water resources quantity is found to fall with decreasing rainfall and rising air temperature. Regression analysis is used to establish a mathematical model between water resources quantity and climatic factors (i.e. air temperature and rainfall) in order to explore the impact of climate change on water resources in the Basin. Moreover, various scenarios are set to quantitatively analyze the response of water resources to climate change. Sensitivity analysis shows that changes in rainfall have a much bigger impact on its water resources quantity than changes in its air temperature. 相似文献
7.
Rainer Thomas Paul Davidson 《中国科技期刊研究》2007,23(1):15-20
This paper is focused on the progress in the determination of water in glasses and melt inclusions with Raman spectroscopy. Using the presented ＂Comparator Technique＂ the water content of a sample is determined by siruple comparison with a known standard. A calibration curve is not necessary. Furthermore, with this technique the water concentration in silicate melt inclusions can be determined without exposing the inclusions for measurements. This is very important for extremely water-rich melt inclusions, which would loose H2O on exposure. 相似文献
8.
Mantle xenoliths are common in the Cenozoic basalts of the Changbaishan District, Jilin Province, China. Sulfide assemblages in mantle minerals can be divided into three types： isolated sulfide grains, sulfide-meh inclusions and filling sulfides in fractures. Sulfide-inch inclusions occur as single-phase sulfides, sulfide-silicate melt, and CO2-sulfide-silicate melt inclusions. Isolated sulfide grains are mainly composed of pyrrhotite, but cubanite was found occasionally. Sulfide-inch inclusions are mainly composed of pentlandite and MSS, with small amounts of chalcopyrite and talnakhite. The calculated distribution coefficient KD3 for lherzolite are similar to that of mean experimental value. The bulk sulfides in lherzolite were in equilibrium with the enclosing minerals, indicating immiscible sulfide melts captured in partial melting of upper mantle. Sulfide in fractures has higher Ni/Fe and （Fe ＋ Ni）/S than those of sulfide melt inclusions. They might represent later metasomatizing fluids in the mantle. Ni/Fe and （ Fe ＋ Ni ）/S increase from isolated grains, sulfide inclusions to sulfides in fractures. These changes were not only affected by temperature and pressure, but by geochemistry of Ni, Fe and Cu, and sulfur fugacity as well. 相似文献
9.
Guoxiang Chi Pei Ni 《中国科技期刊研究》2007,23(1):33-37
The composition of fluid inclusions in the H2O-NaCl-CaCl2 system has been generally graphically estimated using the melting temperatures of hydrohalite （ Tm-HH ） and ice （ Tm-ice）. Here we present two equations that can be used to calculate the relative proportion of NaCl （ i. e. , NaCL/[ NaCl ＋ CaC12 ] , or XNacl ） and the total salinity （ i. e. , NaCl ＋ CaCl2, wt% ） for fluid inclusions with ice as the last melting phase. XNacl can be calculated from Tm-HH using the following equation： y = （a＋bx）^-1/c where y is XNacl, x is Tm_HH , a =0. 33124402, b =-0. 031518028, and c =0. 22932736. In the cases where only Tm-ice is measured and Tm-HH is not known, Tm-ice can be used as the maximum possible Tm-HH to calculate the maximum value of XNacl using the above equation. In these cases, the following equation can be used to calculate the maximum total salinity： y=（a＋bx＋cx2） l where y is salinity, x is Tm-HH , a =0, 057184817, b =0. 00078565757, and c = 5. 7262766E-6. Because the isothems in the field of ice are sub-parallel to the NaCl-CaCl2 binary side in the H2O-NaCl-CaCl2 ternary system, the errors in salinity calculation introduced by the above approximation are small （ less than 2 wt% ）. A Windows program for calculation of XNacl and salinity is available at ： http ：//uregina. ca/-chiguox. 相似文献
10.
IrinaA.Andreeva Vyacheslav I.Kovalenko Vladimir B.Naumov 《中国科技期刊研究》2007,23(1):73-82
Crystalline and melt inclusions were studied in garnet, diopside, potassium feldspar, and sphene from the garnet syenite porphyry of the carbonatite-bearing complex Mushugai-Khuduk, southern Mongolia. Phlogopite, clinopyroxene, albite, potassium feldspar, sphene, wollastonite, magnetite, Ca and Sr sulfates, fluorite, and apatite were identified among the crystalline inclusions. The melt inclusions were homogenized at 1010℃～1080℃ and analyzed on an electron microprobe. Silicate, salt, and combined silicate-salt melt inclusions were found. Silicate melts show considerable variations in SiO2 concentration （56 to 66wt% ）, high Na2O ＋ K20 （up to 17wt% ）, and elevated Zr, F, and Cl contents. In terms of bulk rock chemistry, the silicate melts are alkali syenites. During thermometric experiments, salt melt inclusions quenched into homogeneous glasses of predominantly sulfate compositions containing no more than 1.3wt% SiO2. These melts are enriched in alkalis, Ba, Sr, P, F, and Cl. The investigation of the silicate and salt melt inclusions in minerals of the garnet syenite porphyries indicate that these rocks were formed under influence of the processes of crystallization differentiation and magma separation into immiscible silicate and salt （sulfate）liquids. 相似文献
11.
对于人多地少的中国而言,抑制当前城市化发展中出现的城市用地无序扩张现象,是一个重要且急迫的问题,而政策调控的前提条件则是理清城市用地扩张的驱动机制。通过对中国不同规模、不同行政级别城市用地扩张驱动机制的差异性进行分析,本文尝试着构建了一个更为细化的城市用地扩张理论框架,并利用2001-2011年中国243个城市的面板数据进行了固定效应模型检验,证明了本文所提出的工作假说。研究结果表明：①人口对城市扩张的作用随城市规模升高而递减。小城市用地受到三产业发展推动,而中等城市、特大城市用地则受到二产业发展的推动,其中特大城市受到二产发展更强的影响。大、特大城市较之中小城市,用地扩张受到政府财政支出更强的推动。政府招商引资行为仅对大城市用地扩张有促进作用,对于小、特大城市反而有抑制作用。土地财政的增加也会显著推动城市用地扩张;②相比于地级市,高行政级别城市的政府财政支出对其用地扩张有着更强影响。由于高行政级别城市中政府干预能力较强,土地资源存在错配的问题,二产业仍然是高级别城市、特别是特大城市中用地扩张的强影响力因素,这则有悖于城市发展中产业结构变化的一般趋势。在证明了城市间存在异质性之后,本文建议,相应的城市用地调控政策应该意识到城市间的异质性,有针对性地给出治理政策。 相似文献
12.
本文采用加权秩和比的评价方法,对1993年全国各省(市)高校的科研综合实力进行了评价和排序,为定量评价科研的综合实力和效益提供一种新的方法. 相似文献
13.
科学评判生态退耕区农业土地利用可持续性的变化特征,对相关政策的完善具有重要的意义。本文以甘肃正宁县为案例区,从土地投入水平合理度、土地产出效益、环境支持力、政策补贴4组准则出发,选取了影响农业土地利用可持续性的15个指标,构建了基于1995-2010年时间序列数据的测算体系,并通过相对接近度法（TOPSIS）,来多层次衡量农业土地利用的可持续性时序变化特征。最后采用层次聚类法,基于全部指标对研究年份进行聚类,进而区分研究区农业土地利用可持续性变化的时间节点。结果表明：①构建的土地投入水平合理度指数C（I）、土地产出效益指数C（O）、环境支持力指数C（E）和农业土地利用可持续性指数C（T）时序曲线都表现出明显的波动上升的趋势,C（T）最大值为2002年的0.77,最小值为1995年的0.20;②通过层次聚类分析将正宁县退耕前后16年的农业土地利用可持续性特点划分为：1995-2002年的波动调整阶段、2003-2007年的稳定增长阶段和2008-2010年的巩固预警阶段。 相似文献
14.
供应链管理在高校数字化图书馆中的应用研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文针对当前高校新型数字化图书馆建设中存在的问题,提出了供应链管理系统的运用,探讨了实施的一系列措施及作用。对高校图书馆的建设具有参考作用。 相似文献
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16.
现代社会是一个团结合作的社会,随着科学技术向更广阔、更精细方向的发展,仅仅一个人不可能完成所有的事情,而小组合作的探究学习方式有效地培养了学生的合作意识。授之以鱼莫如授之以渔,好的教学方式不仅能让学生掌握正确的解决问题的方法,更能从中培养学生的思维,而小组合作的探究学习方式能够更好地体现这点。小组合作的探究学习方式是新课程标准所倡导的。它通过学生的自主探索,使学生在情感、感知、操作等方面有了亲身经历,从而达到了掌握新知识的目的。 相似文献
17.
多媒体技术已成为一种现代化的辅助教学手段。本文详细论述了多媒体在高职物理教学中的定位及巧用,从而引导教师在教学中更好地调动学生学习的积极性,让学生更好地掌握物理规律;最后阐述了运用多媒体进行辅助教学应注意的问题。 相似文献
18.
沈江平 《科学．经济．社会》2011,29(3):170-174
从文化角度看,人类一切历史都是思想史。据此,马克思主义中国化其实就是在全面审视传统文化的基础上,继承并超越传统文化,创造崭新的民族文化的过程。在吸收近代中国文化运动精华,在相似的哲学文化基础、社会理想、道德思想基础上,在顺应中国历史实践进程、与中国传统文化不断融合的过程中,从文化视阈反思马克思主义中国化,既要防止文化虚无主义,又要防止文化国粹主义,同时也要正确处理当下＂儒学救国论＂等错误思潮的影响。 相似文献
19.
Erik J. de Vries 《Research Policy》2006,35(7):1037-1051
Three approaches of studying innovation in services are recognized: the assimilation, demarcation and synthesis approach. The synthesis approach attempts to arrive at a theory relevant for service and manufacturing. Gallouj and Weinstein [Gallouj, F., Weinstein, O., 1997. Innovation in services. Research Policy 26, 537-556] were one of the first to take this approach. This article contributes to the synthesis approach by revising their theory to enable reasoning about recent innovation trends in networks of organizations and in the distribution of services. The theory revision is based on several case studies. Implications for the study of innovation are discussed in terms of results from recent demarcation studies. 相似文献
20.
指出目前我国移动图书馆存在手机客户端下载种类少、多媒体资源缺乏、深层次服务不足和过分依赖移动图书馆开发商等问题,并分析其原因。针对上述问题,提出提高馆员素质和能力、开展多种方式的用户需求调查、借助新媒体技术提高深层次服务水平、将知识性和休闲性融合到移动图书馆建设中等措施,打造读者满意的移动图书馆。 相似文献