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巴门尼德对哲学的主要贡献在于,他将存在确定为哲学的对象,这为本体论奠定了基础。而他在此基础上提出的“思想与存在的同一性”开启了西方传统哲学的一个最根本的传统：存在即被思维。 相似文献
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宇宙一切事物和现象的根本实相,老子认为是存在于天地之先的＂道＂,佛教认为是＂空性＂。老子之＂道＂与佛教的＂空性＂在本体论领域中,客观上存在契合或相似之处。这体现了人类思维的深刻统一性。将它们放在本体论领域展开对话,互相置入一个更广阔的哲学背景中,增添了其相互理解的维度和诠释境域,同时对于传承中华古代文化中的优秀思想,发展和建设先进文化,是有重大意义的。 相似文献
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本体论因形而上特征成为哲学中最为重要的理论形态,但形而上的特征也使本体论逐渐远离现实和经验世界,因而被束之高阁甚至被拒斥于科学大门之外。以逻辑实证主义为代表的经验主义哲学,在现代物理取得巨大成就的背景下,以科学和理性主义为指导不断取得新的突破,在认识和改造世界当中发挥了重要作用,同时也不断产生新的矛盾和困境并日渐衰落。马克思辩证唯物主义通过实践过程为本体论和经验主义的进一步发展和统一提供了思路,重建本体论以及协调本体论和经验主义的可能方向则在于认识的动态化、主体化和过程化。 相似文献
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诗的本真性意味着诗是个体存在的歌唱,是对世界中个体生存的意义奠基的关怀与不懈追问,以诗的方式。本真性本质上意味着对民族性文化结构和历史理性主义的超越。诗与哲学的关系在此得到揭示:诗是生存本体论上的诗,哲学则是诗化(个体)的本体论。语言也因此具有了本体论上的意义。 相似文献
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脑科学对于哲学基本问题的本体论和认识论意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
孙岩 《科学技术与辩证法》2005,22(4):54-59
当代脑科学的发展直接影响着哲学基本问题的走向和问题的进一步解决,当代脑科学对于哲学基本问题具有重要的本体论意义和认识论意义。哲学基本问题的进一步深化和发展必须奠定在现代自然科学这一坚实的基础之上,脑科学的发展将最终揭示大脑的工作原理,精神自我认识世界亦即思维和存在的同一问题将得到科学的解释和证明。 相似文献
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刘同舫 《科学．经济．社会》2007,25(2):90-93
爱因斯坦的哲学思想是一个由多元哲学构成的和谐的统一体[。1](p143)爱因斯坦力图使若干对立的哲学思想,如在本体论上的形而上学唯物论与辩证唯心论、在认识论上的经验论和唯理论、在实在论上的本体实在论与理论实在论、在方法论上的约定论与整体论、在思维方式上的逻辑思维与直觉思维,在对立中既相互限定又相得益彰,并使其保持必要的张力。 相似文献
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本文主要阐述了马克思哲学所实现的革命性变革,是从传统哲学的"本体论"转向了"实践论".这种概括曾被指认为"实践论转向".本文主要是从三个方面讲述了人们把马克思主义哲学视为"实践论转向"的原因,以及马克思主义哲学是生存论路向的本体论问题,以此来阐述马克思主义哲学的总体性质. 相似文献
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虚拟世界的本体论探析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
徐世甫 《科学技术与辩证法》2005,22(1):22-26
对由计算机和网络所建构的虚拟世界的哲学探讨 ,必然首先遇到本体论这一块无法跨越的基石。文章在分析了种种本体论追问后 ,提出了电子信息物 ,它使奠基于从具体的实物向度上概括出的马克思主义哲学物质观 ,现在又从虚物的全新向度上得到了新的科学概括和正确检验 ,丰富和发展了马克思主义哲学物质观 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
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Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
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WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献