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首先,修正了中国知识产权保护强度的计算方法,并测算了1985-2007年中国的知识产权保护强度。其次,采用传统的永续盘存法,测算了我国自主RD投资形成的技术知识存量和通过技术引进带来的技术知识存量。最后,基于内生经济增长理论,把技术创新内生化,引入技术知识存量作为知识累积的代理变量,利用中国的时间序列数据,实证研究了我国知识产权保护对经济增长的影响。研究结果表明,在中国现有经济发展水平下,加强知识产权保护能够促进中国经济的发展。 相似文献
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选取知识产权保护和国际贸易为决定中国经济发展的两个因素,并假设劳动力人均产出来源于固定资产投资、劳动力受教育质量和全要素生产率,进而实证研究这两个因素对人均产出的贡献。首先,确定全要素生产率的计算方法,并构建了实证回归模型。其次,测算了中国1985-2009年中国的固定资本存量、全要素生产率以及知识产权保护强度。最后,利用中国的时间序列数据,进行了实证分析,研究发现知识产权保护和国际贸易都是决定中国经济长期发展的因素,且国际贸易通过固定资产投资和技术进步渠道对中国经济发展的作用更大,而知识产权保护通过高素质劳动力渠道对中国经济发展的作用更大。 相似文献
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文章基于Malmquist生产率指数研究知识产权保护、国际技术溢出与区域经济增长之间的关系。通过对1995-2007年省际面板数据的实证研究,得到如下结论:国内R&D研发投入和人力资本是我国经济增长的主要推动力,人力资本是东部经济快速发展的最主要因素,R&D研发投入对中西部地区经济发展尤为重要;现阶段各区域知识产权保护强度对通过国际贸易渠道的技术溢出均有显著的促进作用;而知识产权保护对通过FDI渠道的技术溢出表现出明显的区域差异性,西部地区当前的知识产权保护强度有利于FDI渠道的知识溢出,而东部和中部并不确定,东部地区甚至可能由于知识产权执法强度不足而出现负向效应。对此,文章得出了相应的政策建议。 相似文献
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基于中国30省市10年的面板数据,运用STATA统计分析软件实证检验了市场竞争程度、政府RD投入力度和知识产权保护强度与区域创新绩效的关系,研究发现:(1)减少地方保护可以有效的促进区域创新绩效的提升,非国有经济发展程度与区域创新绩效关系不显著。(2)从政府行为来看,知识产权保护对区域创新绩效具有正向影响,RD投入对区域创新绩效有负面影响。本文详细分析了其中的原因并在此基础上就如何提升区域创新绩效提出了有针对性的建议和对策。 相似文献
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国家创新驱动发展战略的实施需要充分掌握中国技术创新的投入水平,而RD资本存量是其重要组成部分。本文根据RD活动的特点,重新设定了滞后期、折旧率、RD支出价格指数和基期资本存量等参数,再采用永续盘存法对1998-2012年间中国大陆31个省市区的区域RD资本存量进行重新估算。同时,本文还采用Theil指数测算了中国RD资本存量的地区差距。结果表明:(1)绝大部分地区的RD资本存量均呈增长趋势,但在2001年后其增长速度逐步放缓;(2)RD资本存量差距由以地带内的差距为主向以地带间的差距为主转变;(3)总体差距和地带间差距的演变轨迹类似于"V"型,而地带内部差距不断缩小并趋于平稳。 相似文献
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基于中国医药制造业的视角,对政府科技资助与企业RD投入的关系进行实证研究。利用中国医药制造业企业2000—2015年省际面板数据,采用系统广义矩估计法(SYS-GMM)和Hansen提出的"门槛回归模型",测算政府科技资助与企业RD投入之间最优资助区间或强度。结果显示,政府科技资助与企业RD投入之间不仅存在显著促进作用,还存在门槛效应。最优资助强度(政府科技资助与RD投入比)为8.1%,随政府科技资助强度的增大,企业RD投入呈现先增大再变小的趋势,当政府科技资助强度超过19.6%,为显著负相关,总体呈倒"U"型。根据研究结果,提出优化政府资源配置的建议。 相似文献
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从技术创新、产业结构升级和人力资本三个角度,通过理论分析深刻揭示知识产权保护与经济高质量发展的内在经济逻辑,并基于2008-2017年中国省级面板数据进行实证检验.研究发现,知识产权保护对经济高质量发展具有显著的激励效应;知识产权保护对经济高质量发展的影响存在区域异质性,长三角、珠三角和环渤海三大经济圈知识产权保护对经济高质量发展的正向作用明显高于其他地区.研究结果为加强知识产权顶层设计、强化知识产权保护和推动经济高质量发展提供决策参考. 相似文献
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本文从知识产权制度建立的理论基础和知识产权制度实践出发,就知识产权对技术创新及经济增长的作用机制进行了全面梳理分析。知识产权制度对技术创新的影响由诸多中介因素所共同决定,包括RD活动、跨国技术转移、信息披露扩散、经济发展水平、国家创新能力等。完善中国知识产权制度须平衡各种因素,适应国情把握好保护力度;结合现实中存在问题弥补制度漏洞、遏制负面因素,不断完善中国特色知识产权制度体系框架。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献