共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 484 毫秒
1.
2.
《陕西教育学院学报》2018,(10):121-124
文章以巢湖市1所幼儿园的441名儿童为测查对象,运用幼儿同伴侵害问卷、师幼关系问卷(教师版)及儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)来考察师幼关系在幼儿同伴侵害与社交焦虑关系间的中介作用。结果表明:女孩亲密性、满意度发展水平显著高于男孩,而男孩的冲突性发展水平则显著高于女孩;同伴侵害、社交焦虑及师幼关系年龄差异显著,但无性别差异;同伴侵害与亲密性、支持性及满意度呈显著负相关,与冲突性、儿童社交焦虑及年龄呈显著正相关;满意度与社交焦虑呈显著负相关;满意度在幼儿同伴侵害与社交焦虑关系间的中介作用显著。 相似文献
3.
使用教师评定法对279名3-5岁儿童进行研究,探讨幼儿同伴侵害现象及其与社会能力、适应问题的关系。结果发现:幼儿中存在身体侵害和关系侵害现象,部分儿童同时受身体和关系两种形式的侵害,身体侵害的稳定性随年龄增长而变化;与不受侵害的儿童相比,受侵害儿童的外化问题明显偏多;问题行为在儿童社会能力和半年后身体侵害之间起到完全中介作用,而在儿童社会能力和半年后关系侵害之间起到部分中介作用。 相似文献
4.
本研究以儿童对教师应对同伴侵害策略的知觉问卷、行为问题及同伴侵害问卷为工具,以252名4～6岁儿童为被试,采用访谈法和问卷法完成对儿童对教师应对同伴侵害策略的知觉问卷的信效度检验.研究结果表明:(1)儿童对教师应对同伴侵害策略的知觉问卷的结构效度较好.(2)儿童对教师应对同伴侵害策略的知觉的维度与儿童行为问题、身体侵害相关,校标效度较好.(2)儿童对教师应对同伴侵害策略的知觉问卷各维度的内部一致性系数在0.65 ～0.75之间. 相似文献
5.
6.
本文采用同伴侵害问卷、不良同伴联结问卷、感恩问卷和病理性网络游戏使用问卷,对1194名初中生进行调查,考察同伴侵害与初中生病理性网络游戏使用的关系,以及不良同伴联结和感恩在其中的中介效应与调节效应。结果发现：（1）在男生中,同伴侵害与POGU显著正相关,不良同伴联结在同伴侵害与POGU关系间起着部分中介作用;感恩在同伴侵害与POGU关系间的调节效应不显著;（2）在女生中,同伴侵害与POGU显著正相关,不良同伴联结在同伴侵害与POGU关系间的中介作用不显著;感恩显著调节同伴侵害与POGU的关系。 相似文献
7.
心理理论对幼儿同伴交往的作用有:幼儿对同伴交往情境的正确分析,促进其社交安全感的获得;幼儿对同伴交往策略的合理选择,促进其良好同伴关系的形成;幼儿对同伴交往行为的深刻反思,促进其心理移情能力的提升。教师可以运用心理理论对幼儿同伴交往策略进行以下指导:引导幼儿使用正向策略,建立合理的交往观念;重视幼儿体验,引导儿童正确分析他人的心理状态;创设同伴交往情境,丰富幼儿的交往经验;引导幼儿自我反思,交流共享内心的体验。 相似文献
8.
同伴交往是幼儿社会性发展的重要途径和手段。随着社会的变迁、家庭结构的变化,幼儿的同伴交往问题。尤其是幼儿同伴交往策略受到越来越多的关注。幼儿在与同伴的交往中是如何选择策略的,为什么幼儿之间时“好”时“坏”？他们之间到底发生着怎样的交往故事？ 相似文献
9.
同伴侵害是个体遭受同伴攻击的经历,已有研究主要关注学龄儿童的同伴侵害现象,较少考察幼儿阶段的同伴侵害问题.本研究采用教师评定和母亲评定的方法考察了幼儿阶段同伴侵害的发生特点以及同伴侵害与内化问题行为之间的关系.结果表明,同伴侵害是3～5岁儿童中普遍存在的现象,受侵害者与一般儿童相比具有更多的抑郁、社交退缩以及体诉等内化问题. 相似文献
10.
《比比和朋友》课程立足于幼儿的情绪健康,通过一系列活动让幼儿在感知和体验中获得应对各种负面情绪的多种策略,提高了其应对日常生活中不同困难的能力。在《“比比”来我班之后……》的案例中,幼儿之所以能够积极地面对和处理因同伴冲突而导致的不良情绪,正是教师注重在感知和体验中发展幼儿情绪应对能力的结果。 相似文献
11.
Family-Peer Connections: The Roles of Emotional Expressiveness within the Family and Children''s Understanding of Emotions 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The purpose of this study was to explore patterns of parent and child emotional expressiveness within the family context, to examine links between these patterns and children's peer relations, and to examine whether these links might be mediated by children's understanding of emotions. Subjects were 61 kindergarten and first-grade white, middle-class children and their parents. Parent and child expressiveness were assessed in a laboratory ring-toss game designed to elicit a range of emotional responses. Parent expressiveness in the home was also assessed with Halberstadt's Family Expressiveness Questionnaire. The questionnaire, completed by both mother and father, assesses a range of emotions in a variety of settings typical of many families, and consists of items tapping both positive and negative expressiveness. Children were interviewed about their understanding of emotions across a broad range of areas. Results indicated that maternal expressiveness (home) and paternal expressiveness (home and laboratory) but not children's expressiveness with parents were associated with children's peer relations. Although children's understanding of emotions was generally not associated with family expressiveness, understanding predicted children's peer relations. In addition, children's understanding influenced the links between maternal expressiveness in the home and peer relations and between paternal expressiveness in the laboratory and peer relations. This pattern of results underscores the importance of the emotional climate of the family for the development of children's social relations with peers. 相似文献
12.
Parental coping with children's negative emotions: relations with children's emotional and social responding 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This study examined the relation between parents' reactions to children's negative emotions and social competence. Additionally, the role of parental emotional distress in children's emotional socialization was examined. The emotional reactions of 57 preschoolers (33 girls, 24 boys; M age = 59.2 months) were observed during their free-play interactions. Parents (mostly mothers) completed questionnaires about their reactions to children's negative emotions. An index of children's social competence was obtained from teachers. Results indicated that the relation between harsh parental coping strategies and children's emotional responding was moderated by parental distress. In addition, the relation of the interaction of parental coping and distress to children's social competence was mediated by children's level of emotional intensity. It was concluded that distressed parents who use harsh coping strategies in response to children's negative emotions have children who express emotion in relatively intense ways. In turn, these children find it relatively difficult to behave in a socially competent manner. 相似文献
13.
The Relations of Emotionality and Regulation to Preschoolers' Social Skills and Sociometric Status 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Nancy Eisenberg Richard A. Fabes Jane Bernzweig Mariss Karbon Rick Poulin Laura Hanish 《Child development》1993,64(5):1418-1438
The purpose of this study was to examine the relations of emotionality (intensity and negative emotion) and regulation (coping and attentional regulation) to preschoolers' social skills (as rated by adults) and sociometric status. Teachers' ratings of children's constructive coping and attentional control were positively related to boys' social skills and peer status, whereas negative affect was negatively related. Acting out (vs. avoidant) coping and emotional intensity were negatively related to girls' and boys' social skills and boys' peer status. In addition, mothers' reports of boys' coping by seeking social support and low emotional intensity were associated with boys' positive social functioning, whereas avoidant coping was positively related to girls' rated social skills. The results are discussed in relation to research on emotion regulation and coping with emotion in interpersonal contexts. 相似文献
14.
The protective role of teacher–student relationships against peer victimization and psychosocial distress 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 This study examined whether teacher–student relationships protect against peer victimization and its negative psychosocial effects (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress). Additionally, the influence of teacher–student relationships, peer relationships, and students’ perceptions of school order and discipline was investigated as these variables were expected to be negatively related to the former. Data were collected from high school‐aged adolescents (N = 539; 51% female) in the U.S. Southwest. Study results indicate that teacher–student relationships buffered against experiencing psychosocial distress associated with peer victimization. Although positive teacher–student relationships, peer relationships, and students’ perceptions of school order and discipline all were negatively associated with peer victimization and psychosocial distress, teacher–student relationships were robustly related to peer victimization and psychosocial distress over the influence of the previous variables. In other words, as a key study finding, teacher–student relationships may reduce the impact of peer victimization by mitigating its negative psychosocial effects in a robust yet relatively unexplored way. Therefore, although more research is needed, fostering positive teacher–student relationships might be an effective way to reduce peer victimization as well as its negative effects. 相似文献
15.
博士新生如何应对学业困境对其后续发展具有关键作用，是其社会化的核心环节。本研究采用扎根理论的方法，分析了53名博士新生的学习经历。研究发现博士新生可能由于动力缺失、任务过难、环境干扰、资源不足、情感冲击，而在学业层面遭遇缺乏方向、难以投入和反馈消极的困难。当学业困难所产生的负面情绪强烈到能够影响博士生的日常学习时，博士生就陷入学业困境。陷入困境后博士生可能会采取调整投入、调节情绪、寻求帮助等方式积极应对，也可能会采取逃避拖延、放任情绪、自我孤立等方式消极应对。消极应对的博士生，往往会处于拖延和突击交替的状态，使得困境随着时间的推移进一步恶化。积极应对的博士生，可能会通过自我知觉的改善和积极的阶段性结果形成正向反馈，逐步摆脱困境，促进其从局外人向局内人的转化；也可能会由于没有得到及时和足够的正向反馈，转而采取消极的应对方式，不仅没有摆脱困境，反而会陷入更深的困境。 相似文献
16.
Three models of the prospective relations between child maladjustment and peer victimization are examined: (a) internalizing results directly from victimization, (b) internalizing leads to victimization, and (c) physical aggression fuels retaliatory victimization that leads to increases in internalizing over time. Data came from assessments of children at the beginning of Grade 1 ( n = 432; average age = 6.3 years), with follow-ups at the end of Grades 1, 2, and 3. Most children showed low stable internalizing trajectories (73%); however, high stable and increasing curvilinear trajectories were evident for 7% and 20% of children, respectively. Findings suggest that children's adjustment problems at entry to Grade 1 affect the course of their internalizing, in part, by setting the stage for peer victimization. 相似文献
17.
Emotional and Behavioral Predictors of Preschool Peer Ratings 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
Susanne A. Denham Marcia McKinley Elizabeth A. Couchoud Robert Holt 《Child development》1990,61(4):1145-1152
It was predicted that social cognitive, behavioral, and affective aspects of young children's social development would predict stable peer ratings of their likability. Measures of likability, emotion knowledge, prosocial and aggressive behavior, peer competence, and expressed emotions (happy and angry) were obtained for 65 subjects (mean age = 44 months). Sociometric ratings, particularly negative, were stable over 1- and 9-month time periods. Correlational analyses showed that emotion knowledge and prosocial behavior were direct predictors of likability. Prosocial behavior mediated the relations of gender and expressed emotions with likability (i.e., gender and expressed emotions were each related to prosocial behavior, and prosocial behavior was related to likability, but neither gender nor expressed emotions were related to likability with prosocial behavior partialled out). Knowledge of emotional situations similarly mediated the age-likability relation. Results uphold the early development of stable peer reputations and the hypothesized centrality of emotion-related predictors of likability. 相似文献
18.
Trajectories of peer victimization and perceptions of the self and schoolmates: precursors to internalizing and externalizing problems 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
Evidence indicates that peer victimization is predictive of later maladjustment, but the mechanisms by which harassment impairs development have yet to be identified. The objectives of this study were (a) to discern normative trends in peer victimization experiences and self- and peer perceptions during preadolescence and (b) to investigate associations between individual differences in these trajectories and changes in psychosocial adjustment. A sample of 381 children (196 girls; 185 boys) was followed longitudinally between the ages of 9 and 11 years. Latent growth curve analyses revealed that, although children's self-appraisals became increasingly positive during preadolescence, their appraisals of peers became more negative. Moreover, analyses supported the contention that self- and peer beliefs act as mechanisms through which victimization is related to psychological dysfunction. 相似文献
19.
Shannon M. Suldo Cheryl D. Gelley Rachel A. Roth Lisa P. Bateman 《Psychology in the schools》2015,52(5):431-446
Modern definitions of complete mental health include both positive and negative indicators of psychological functioning. We examined the associations between peer relationships (victimization and receipt of prosocial acts) and multiple indicators of mental health that represent subjective well‐being (i.e., life satisfaction, positive and negative affect) and psychopathology (general internalizing symptoms and externalizing problems—aggressive behavior) among 500 high school students in Grades 9 to 11. Peer experiences explained the most variance in positive affect (R2 = 18%) and internalizing psychopathology (R2 = 19%). Different types of peer experiences drove these effects, with relational victimization particularly salient to internalizing psychopathology and prosocial acts by peers most predictive of positive affect. Moderation analyses indicated that peers’ prosocial acts did not serve a protective role in the associations between victimization and mental health. Instead, the presence of overt victimization negated the positive associations between prosocial acts and good mental health (high life satisfaction, low internalizing psychopathology). Understanding these associations illuminates the range of student outcomes possibly impacted by victimization and suggests that both limiting peer victimization and facilitating positive peer experiences may be necessary to facilitate complete mental health among high school students. 相似文献
20.
The purpose of the current study was to investigate a two-stage model in which parent-related stress and hopelessness each served as mediators of the relationship between perceived parental bonding and South Korean adolescent peer victimization. This study also examined whether the mediating relationships differed by the gender of parents and adolescents. A casual chain with three links and four sets of variables were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Data were collected from 800 adolescents attending 10 middle schools in the Busan region of South Korea. Results indicated that both maternal and paternal parental bonding were negatively associated with stress, stress was positively associated with hopelessness, and hopelessness was positively associated with South Korean adolescent peer victimization. Most importantly, the significant negative associations between both maternal and paternal parental bonding and peer victimization were mediated by both stress and hopelessness. Furthermore, gender differences in these relationships existed for both parents and adolescents. Limitations and implications to practice were discussed. 相似文献