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1.
Heckt Meike 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1999,45(3-4):321-337
In order to give an idea of the present situation of education in Mayan communities, the article starts with a survey of published anthropologocal and educational information on the content, values and methods of education in indigenous communities in Guatemala. The second part deals with the formation of a new collective identity in Guatemala, exploring the relationship between the recent debate on Mayan identity, and Mayan education. Finally, attention is given to the relationship between education in indigenous communities and official, formal education, which is itself being called into question. Mayan education in Guatemala is not only a historical tradition which has survived centuries of alien domination, but is also a forceful voice of criticism in the debate about general educational reform. 相似文献
2.
Paulí Dávila Balsera 《History of education》2013,42(1):23-40
The aim of this article is to study the construction of the Spanish education system and its relationship with nationalist education policies. Throughout the 20th century, there has been a great deal of tension between Spanish nationalism and Basque and Catalan nationalism, in particular, over the establishment of a national curriculum that is the expression of different conceptions of national identity. In this period, the Spanish education system evolved from centralisation to decentralisation, and as a result brought about the creation of the Spanish national curriculum. The educational contributions made in Catalonia and the Basque Country were included in this process, which partially satisfied the aspirations of these communities. 相似文献
3.
Yvon Appleby 《International Studies in Sociology of Education》2013,23(1):67-86
ABSTRACT Lesbian women's experiences of education frequently occurs within a contradictory public relationship: their identity ‘woman’ is usually ‘visible’ whilst their identity ‘lesbian’ remains generally ‘invisible’ ‐ both in educational settings and within wider educational discourses. By drawing upon examples of self‐understanding of lesbian identity this paper discusses the meanings and connections between these two identities from the perspectives of lesbian women themselves. The inclusion of self‐understanding of lesbian identity as a central feature in exploring the relationship of lesbian women and education permits a discussion of both lesbian oppression and lesbian agency. I will discuss this with reference to my recent study of lesbian women and education. The inclusion of self‐understanding of lesbian identity illuminates the complex relationships which exist between individual identity meanings and those which are socially constructed and maintained within an educational system based upon the ideology of heterosexism. 相似文献
4.
Michael Middleton Juliann Dupuis Judy Tang 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2013,11(1):111-141
Many rural indigenous communities rely on science knowledge and innovation for survival and economic advancement, which requires community members to be motivated for learning science. Children in these communities have been viewed by some as unmotivated due to their low science achievement as they progress in school, particularly into majority secondary schools. Current theories of motivation, such as achievement goal theory, take classroom context into account when examining individual motivation. However, motivational climate can also be considered as tightly woven with the cultural and social practices of a community rather than individual perception. In this study, researchers spent time in two indigenous villages observing classrooms, participating in community events, and talking with community members. During those visits, Attayal/Sediq children in Taiwan (n?=?18) and Mopan Mayan children in Belize (n?=?18) participated in three semi-structured interviews about their experience learning science in school, home, and community. Results indicate that motivation for learning science is closely linked with their identity as science learners. Three themes emerged to illuminate how social practices may or may not support individual identity, and consequently motivation, for learning science—student/teacher relationships, support for learning, and motivational climate. Differences between children in Taiwan and Belize are explored. Implications for motivation theory, educational practice, and policy are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Kenneth E. Miller 《Child development》1996,67(1):89-106
This study examined the mental health and psychosocial development of 58 Guatemalan Mayan Indian children living in 2 refugee camps in the Mexican state of Chiapas. Conventional assessment instruments were adapted for use in this unique context, and semistructured interviews were utilized to gather phenomenological data from children regarding various developmental, sociocultural, and political topics. Data are presented that show minimal evidence of psychological trauma in this sample, and various factors are suggested to account for this finding. In addition, data are presented showing a positive relationship between children's mental health and the health status (physical and mental) of their mothers. In particular, a strong association was found between depressive symptomatology in girls and poor health status in their mothers. Qualitative data from the interviews are presented, focusing on children's understandings of why their families fled Guatemala, the nature and causes of the violence, and their thoughts and feelings regarding the prospect of returning to Guatemala at some future point. 相似文献
6.
This article considers ethnographic data collected during undergraduate students’ transition to higher education. Drawing on communities of practice theory, the research focuses on the psychological process of identity as a trajectory, considering how reconciliation and negotiation of identities across and between communities influence transition. We aimed to explore the ways in which incoming identity influences participation and higher education learner identity, consider the academic practices which construct the transition experience and analyse those practices in terms of learner identity and participation. The data sources included observations, informal social interactions, one-to-one interviews and document analysis. Data collection took place over the first term of an undergraduate course. A theoretical thematic analysis was undertaken investigating the ways in which identity shaped participation, the practices that influenced participation and how participation subsequently influenced learner identity. We argue that the reconciliation of past, present and future identities is psychologically challenging for students during educational transition and this influences individual trajectories. Some practices assumed an already autonomous learner rather than enabling development of autonomy. Inability to participate in valued (and often implicit) academic practice was seen to negatively influence learner identities, delaying full participation. The focus for transition research could therefore consider enabling systems and practices which acknowledge differences and fully support successful changes in learner identity. 相似文献
7.
《Studying Teacher Education》2013,9(2):143-156
This is a self-study of my professional and cultural biography and identity, a history which directed me first toward the work of urban teaching and then into teacher education and research into comparative educational issues of racial and national identity. I use this inquiry to demonstrate how biography and identity influences the lived experience of teaching and the researcher's stance. I also examine areas where preservice urban teacher education programs must improve. My personal recommendations describe experiences that would have better prepared me for urban teaching. Suggestions include expanding coursework in the historical, political, and sociocultural influences on urban education and in designing culturally responsive curricula. I also recommend restructuring field experiences to offer richer classroom-based learning opportunities for preservice teachers and extending fieldwork into urban communities. Finally, I suggest ongoing inservice teacher education in learning-community models that respond to educators' context-specific teaching concerns. 相似文献
8.
“Deutsche Schule”, the journal of the German Association of Teachers, was an important forum for the social education debate during the German empire. The author describes this discussion, which took place between 1897 and 1914, on the basis of essays published in the “Deutsche Schule”. Central is the relation between educational task and theory. Within the generally accepted educational task of strengthening the unity of the cultural nation, this early social education debate developed into a controversial discussion over the social and sociological elements of education policy and theory. 相似文献
9.
姜伏莲 《集美大学学报(教育科学版》2008,9(1):46-50
教育研究主体与实践主体的合一性是教育研究主体与对象关系特殊性的表现。其现实性存在取决于人们把实践性作为教育研究价值的主要取向;其功能特点表现为反思性、解放性与创造性。它是教育理论研究走向本土化和独立化的要求,是教育改革走向成功的必由之路。 相似文献
10.
This paper discusses the attempts of Israeli education, in a similar fashion to other national educational systems, to shape a territorial identity for the pupils of the new State. The Israeli school used a variety of educational means to shape a person who would be modelled on his new birthplace’s landscape, including the use of textbooks, illustrations, and maps, to aid in the process of creating a desired image of the homeland’s landscape. The hidden curriculum used textbooks employing mathematics questions to learn details about the geographical expanse. Alongside the use of a written curriculum, Israeli education made use of the extra curriculum by becoming physically familiar with a place and creating a local time based on the seasons of the year. Local nature was studied during moledet (homeland) lessons, similar to the Weimar Republic of Germany’s Heimatkunde studies, as well as during other subjects, such as nature studies and Bible. These studies integrated national goals and progressive humanistic educational schools of thought which viewed a child’s encounter with nature as a vital part of his or her education. The readers, which were built on a timeline of the seasons and the school celebrating nature festivals, created a natural time frame for the pupils in which they acted and studied. The discussion about the ways territorial identity was structured by the Israeli education system is another chapter in the wider debate about national education and illustrates the schools’ function as one of the State’s national social agents, particularly in its early years. 相似文献
11.
Jennifer L. Cohen 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2010,31(1):105-119
Public education discourse in the USA has been characterized by messages of crisis shaping education policies across national contexts. Education policy solutions target a lack of qualified teachers and insufficient oversight of teacher practice as central factors in the crisis, placing teacher identity as knowledgeable, authoritative professionals at the center of educational reform debates. Mainstream news media is a key site for education policy debate. I employ critical discourse analysis of education news published in a major US newspaper, uncovering how grammar patterns in news discourse situate teacher identity in relation to knowledge and authority. I demonstrate how the paper's discourse frames teacher identity in terms of Accountability and Caring and discuss how, in the context of larger economic and social policy debates, Accountability gains authority over caring to shape education policy. I call for teachers to integrate critical participation in public education debates as key element of professional identity. 相似文献
12.
Valerie Farnsworth Irene Kleanthous Etienne Wenger-Trayner 《British Journal of Educational Studies》2016,64(2):139-160
The aim of this article is to contribute to the understanding and use of the theory of communities of practice. In order to clarify terms, explore applications for education and reflect on various critiques of the theory in the literature, two educational researchers conducted a series of interviews with the theorist Etienne Wenger-Trayner. The interviews have been thematically organised around key concepts from the theory. By relating the concepts to their uses in research and to other social theories, Wenger-Trayner clarifies key ideas of the theory including what constitutes a ‘community of practice’. He explains how he conceptualises identity and participation in order to develop a social theory of learning in which power and boundaries are inherent. The interviewers draw on these conceptual discussions with Wenger-Trayner to consider how the theory of communities of practice resonates with key debates and issues in education. By unpacking some key concepts of the theory from an educational perspective, we provide researchers with conceptual tools to support the complex decision-making that is involved in selecting the best and most appropriate theory or theories to use in their research. 相似文献
13.
杜威与赫钦斯关于大学通识教育之争始于二人有关通识教育理念问题的论争,在当时政治、经济、文化等因素的共同作用下演变为双方的持久论争。从1936年至1945年前后,这场论争经历了三个阶段,涉及通识教育目标、科学与职业教育范式和名著教育价值等重大问题。杜威等人批评赫钦斯迷信“永恒真理”和古典权威,轻视经验科学与社会需要,更有否定民主之嫌;赫钦斯等人则回应这是对其观点的误解,竭力阐明名著教育的理智价值、道德意义及其与民主的关联。论争双方都在一定程度上误解了对方的观点,他们的分歧主要在于通识教育的价值取向而非根本目的,其论争在很大程度上形塑了20世纪30年代以后美国大学通识教育的基本框架,并推动人文学科获得了与科学同等重要的地位。 相似文献
14.
俄罗斯社区学校模式立足于基础教育学校的创新,致力于学校与社区互动,是一种旨在有效解决学校教育和社区社会问题的新型学校发展模式.俄罗斯社区学校模式由学校教育民主化、学校与社区关系伙伴化、学校和社区服务志愿化三个基本模块构成.基础教育学校可以根据各自的具体情况,围绕三个基本模块进行主题活动设计,开展多样化的活动.基础教育学校与社区的融合发展是俄罗斯社会和教育现代化的迫切要求.经过近20年的探索与发展,俄罗斯社区学校模式解决了一些基础教育学校中长期存在的问题,正逐渐趋向成熟.尽管俄罗斯社区学校模式的实施面临不少难题,但它很可能成为俄罗斯基础教育学校改革的主要模式,影响俄罗斯基础教育的未来发展. 相似文献
15.
《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(2):62-80
To better understand the influence of rural context on youth's life chances, this study takes up the question of rural children's educational aspirations. The experience of rural life may, as some claim, limit students' educational aspirations. Yet there are indications that rural communities simultaneously generate important social benefits that tend to be devalued by educators and researchers alike. Survey data from the 2002 Child Development Supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics were analyzed to explore this debate. Findings indicate rural children are as likely to aspire to a high school or an undergraduate education as are nonrural youth. The significant difference in aspirations between rural and nonrural children is in terms of postgraduate education. Findings also suggest that rural youth come of age in familial contexts of attachment to place, with rural families being more likely than nonrural families to have turned down a job to remain in their communities. The findings here challenge assumptions that rural youth limit their aspirations because they suffer from uniquely rural handicaps. In place of deficit models of rural youth's aspirations, more sociological perspectives might allow for the distinctive way in which rurality engenders attachment to place. 相似文献
16.
This paper aims to make a contribution to recentering practice- and practitioner-oriented issues in Roma education studies. Gaps can be observed today between conditions of educational work in practice and the ways education is understood in mainstream academic discussions, compounded by the fact that educational workers in the field have limited access to academic environments. Also, as a subject dealing with minorities, education for Roma and Roma communities tends to occupy a marginal position in academic departments of Education. Inversely, in Roma studies, focus often lies on culture or history, and education is mainly considered through the lens of identity. This means that many important experiences in Roma educational work remain silent, and significant aspects of practices are not sufficiently shared across contexts. In this paper, experiences from education projects in Albania and Sweden are presented and considered against the background of Roma education policies in these countries generally. An analysis is made of the ways these projects directly or indirectly connect to local academic structures. Finally, suggestions are made of potential strategies for developing practice- and practitioner-driven research in this area, to make relevant experiences more accessible across linguistic and national borders. 相似文献
17.
William Renner 《Distance Education》1995,16(2):284-301
This paper is concerned with the relationships between pedagogy, technology and the production of education. A central theme is that these relationships are coalescing around three conceptual arrangements of production, characterised by the terms Fordism, neo‐Fordism and post‐Fordism. Each of these ideal‐type models suggests very different social, political and educational outcomes. The paper starts by introducing these terms within the literature. Second, the post‐Fordist debate in distance education is summarised, identifying its strengths, weaknesses, omissions and objectives. Third, the labour process in higher education is explored in more depth, and its relationship to democracy and technology highlighted. The paper concludes with a focus on constructivist models of educational technology and their socio‐political implications. 相似文献
18.
Peggy Fairbairn-Dunlop 《Compare》2014,44(6):874-894
Because identity (language and culture) are central to Pacific knowledge and knowledge construction processes, Pacific students’ educational experiences should be viewed through a cultural lens that sees Pacific knowledge and practices as valid and valued. This study explores the relationship between culture and educational outcomes as seen in how participation in a school Polynesian club (a cultural education supplementary site) builds youth feelings of self-esteem, identity and the confidence to connect to other educational, cultural and social spaces. 相似文献
19.
CHARLES CLARK 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2011,45(1):37-57
Professor Whitty has endorsed the consensus that research into education is empirical social science, distinguishing ‘educational research’ which seeks directly to influence practice, and ‘education research’ that has substantive value but no necessary practical application. The status of the science here is problematic. The positivist approach is incoherent and so supports neither option. Critical educational science is virtually policy‐inert. The interpretive approach is empirically sound but, because of the value component in education, does not support education research either, or account for this component. A solution to the latter problem is sought in the debate between Carr and Hirst on the relationship between philosophy and education. This shows Carr making claims that rely on a conception of philosophy that he rejects, while Hirst insists on this conception, uses it to justify practical claims, but denies that this is possible. To achieve a practically relevant analysis of educational research, both need to include second‐order, normative, conceptual enquiry into the philosophies that drive educational policy‐making and partly regulate teaching methodology. Deweyan, first‐order, ‘reflective practice’ needs, then, to be supplemented with second‐order reflection. Educational research is philosophy‐ not science‐driven, and is value‐led. Consequently, it has the status not of scientific discovery but of practical recommendation. 相似文献
20.
Kevin Lowe 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2017,44(1):35-54
The conundrum of Indigenous education in Australia is that there are multiple, highly contested and polarising narratives that vie to inform both public and policy debate about how to construct effective schooling of Aboriginal students. Two of these contested discourses, which are seen to drive much of this debate, highlight the complexity of concerns—one which is essentially aspirational in its intent but unperceptive to the realities of Aboriginal student achievement and a second data focused discourse that is managerial and evaluative in its focus to disclose policy and pedagogic failures on student outcomes. The first has posed the politically more palatable proposition that there has been a slow, sometimes faltering but inexorable improvement in Aboriginal education, while the second highlights a mounting body of qualitative data that document an overall failure by school systems to lift Aboriginal student education achievement. The author recognises the complex and historical nature of the multilayered ‘issues’ that sit at the heart of Aboriginal underachievement. He argues that one of those underpinning issues that has plagued Aboriginal education centres on the depth of the socio-cultural disconnect between Aboriginal students and their communities, and teachers. He also argues that, too often, teachers are appointed to schools with limited social, political and professional knowledge about the particular needs and aspirations of Aboriginal students such that it impacts on their capacity to establish authentic connections to students. The research on which this article is based sets out to provide an understanding of both the nature and dynamics of community and school engagement in sites with high proportions of Aboriginal students. The study aimed to investigate teachers’ capacity to develop authentic pedagogic practices that are responsive to the educational, cultural and aspirational needs of Aboriginal students. In particular, the research highlights how the relational dynamics between schools and Aboriginal people have been deeply affected by colonial histories of exclusion and systemic disadvantage, pervasive school discourses of marginalisation and in particular an ignorance about holistic needs of Aboriginal students at school and the resultant negative relational interactions between schools and Aboriginal families. This multisite ethnographic study was undertaken with Aboriginal community members, teachers and school principals in 2012 as doctoral research. It was conducted within a relational landscape characterised by an enduring socio-cultural dissonance between schools and their Aboriginal communities. The study focused on examples of authentic collaboration and purposeful interactions between Aboriginal communities and schools that were shown to support teachers in building deeper understanding that enhanced their cognisance of the wider needs of Aboriginal students. The findings in this article highlight that when authentic engagement between Aboriginal people and schools occurred, it appeared to positively impact the teachers’ professional knowledge and created a consequent interest within these communities to engage with their schools. The research further identified that in each site the Aboriginal participants articulated an interest in developing authentic school collaborations that would enhance student outcomes. These findings suggested that teachers need to honour, understand and actively reflect on community history, contexts and aspirations to develop the skills and knowledge to address the particular socio-cultural and educational needs of Aboriginal students. 相似文献