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针对当前教育界对赫尔巴特和杜威在儿童兴趣观上的争议,将儿童兴趣观放在两位伟人各自理论体系中加以考察,发现杜威的兴趣观在以下三方面超越了赫尔巴特:在兴趣与教育目的关系上,杜威的"教育内在目的论"把兴趣作为"目的"和"手段"的统一体,超越了赫尔巴特将兴趣视为实现最高教育目的"德行"的手段;在兴趣与课程关系上,杜威的经验课程比赫尔巴特的分科课程更易与儿童过去经验相衔接;在兴趣与教学关系上,赫尔巴特仅仅将兴趣作为教师开展教学的工具,而杜威的活动教学法强调儿童从自己熟悉的活动开始,在发展兴趣的同时也完成了自身的成长和发展,从而使儿童的潜力得到充分发展。 相似文献
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兴趣是求知的前提、学习的动力、成才的起点，兴趣在促进儿童的智力发展中具有积极的作用。杜威是历史上较为系统的阐述“兴趣”的教育家之一。分析、阐述杜威的“兴趣观”，在关注儿童主动性、关注儿童的兴趣、推行素质教育的今天有其现实意义。 相似文献
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杜威经验课程观强调学生直接经验的获得,在活动中获得知识,提升创造力,促进儿童智慧的发展。教师应该从提高认识,设立新课程体系,提高师资,加大财力投入等方面保证新课改实现杜威课程观的经验特征。 相似文献
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杜威是20世纪现代"儿童中心主义"思潮的集大成者,其儿童中心观的内涵是"儿童、教育与社会相互作用、有机统一".该观点源于杜威教育理论中的生长论、个人/社会理论与经验论,并且是这三个理论在儿童教育上的有机结合.本文分析了杜威儿童中心观与上述三个理论的渊源,并在此基础上将它的内涵归纳为"从做中学"、"学校即社会",最后分析了其现实意义. 相似文献
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儿童观的转变是教师教育的重要内容之一。现代儿童观的转变与杜威的研究有重要联系。杜威从美国社会的变革出发,从历史和现实的角度分析了儿童被动发展的原因,批评了旧教育对儿童发展的负面影响,提出了培养儿童主动性和创造性的思想,并对教师教育提出了新的要求。杜威的儿童观和教师教育的观点对于我们改革教师教育是有意义的。 相似文献
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一、"做中学"的理论溯源 "做中学"由美国现代著名实用主义教育家约翰·杜威最早提出.在杜威看来,教育应该以儿童的本能为基础,提供必要的环境刺激,促使儿童与生俱来的能力发展.教育不能把与儿童本性相违背的东西作为目标,因为"教育就是生长,在它自身之外,没有别的目的.学校教育的价值,它的标准,就看它创造继续生长的愿望到什么程度,看它实现这种愿望提供方法到什么程度".而对于大多说人来说,制作的兴趣和本能最为突出,由此确定了"做中学"在教学中的主体地位. 相似文献
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《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南》对幼儿经验获得的要求体现了“经验”对幼儿教育的价值,隐含着杜威提出的“教育即经验的不断改造”的思想.从杜威的经验观理解幼儿的学习,则幼儿在生活、游戏和各种活动中的经验即学习.幼儿的这种“经验”是静态的结果,更是动态的过程;既蕴涵了主动的尝试,也涵盖了尝试后的有益获得.把握杜威经验观的内涵有助于幼儿教师在新时期更好地执行《指南》的要求. 相似文献
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杜威的未成熟观是其教育思想的重要组成部分.针对传统教育中存在的消极对待未成熟儿童的观点以及由此衍生出的以成人标准独断改造儿童的不当教育做法,杜威从积极的角度对儿童的未成熟性做出阐释与表达.在杜威看来,未成熟预示一种正向的力量,是实现生长的首要条件.未成熟的两个基本特征即依赖与可塑性助力于个体获得生长所需的社会能力.基于这种价值定位,杜威表示,未成熟不是缺乏,亦不与成熟相对立.杜威关于未成熟的认识与解读在以下方面给予启示:一是以儿童潜能为导向重建教育目标,二是以儿童经验为依凭重构教学内容,三是以儿童本性为参照重塑教育方式. 相似文献
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夸美纽斯完整教学体系的提出为探讨学生发展"基础"问题提供了制度前提;斯宾塞"什么知识最有价值"的提问是"基础"意识在知识选择上的萌芽;杜威从"儿童准备说"到"儿童即生长"的儿童观是具有革命性的"基础观"的变革;杜威、布鲁纳等人认为教学过程是实现"基础"的课堂教学承载.从历史探源可以看出,"基础"、"基础性"是一个内涵丰富但研究范畴并不明确的概念,必须坚持以发展观、系统观为方法论才能全面认识它;同时,必须坚持科学的儿童发展观并在"关系"中探讨此问题. 相似文献
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邱崇丙 《唐山师范学院学报》2014,(1):21-23
汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。 相似文献
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Rachel Zupek 《海外英语》2007,(11):40-41
我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love. 相似文献
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YANGShiguo 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):86-88
The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex. 相似文献
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Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject. 相似文献
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GUO Bao-feng Xiao Da-wei 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(3):129-133
Using virtual reality for interactive design gives a designer an intuitive vision of a design and allows the designer to achieve a viable, optimal solution in a timely manner. The article discusses the process of making the Virtual Reality System of the Humble Administrator＇s Garden. Translating building data to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language （VRML） is by far unsatisfactory. This creates a challenge for computer designers to do optimization to meet requirements. Five different approaches to optimize models have been presented in this paper. The other methods are to optimize VRML and to reduce the file size. This is done by keeping polygon counts to a minimum and by applying such techniques as object culling and level-ofdetail switching. 相似文献
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The awareness of individualism can be traced back to the period of American Revolution when the Declaration of Independence was produced.It expressed basic beliefs concerning freedom,equality,democracy,privacy and the relationship between people and government,which were exactly what the philosophy of individualism mostly dealt with at that time.This paper is to exploit the essence of individualism by analyzing the Declaration .The analysis enables us to reconsider its significance to the issue of America human rights and foreign policies. 相似文献
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Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities. 相似文献