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1.
目的:分析不同海拔地区运动乳酸堆积程度与疲劳感的关系。方法:将成都体育学院男子长跑运动员,按照地理海拔高度从低到高划分成,海拔500 m、海拔1000 m以及海拔1500 m这三个长跑实验组,进行长跑实验,获得上述运动员的运动海拔高度、运动强度,针对不同海拔高度的运动员进行疲劳度分解测试,并对影响因素进行分析。结果:在相同强度运动量的前提下,运动员身体内的心率和血液乳酸含量这两项指标,随着海拔高度的逐渐增高而增高。结论:进行相同运动量时,在海拔高度越高的地方,人体内乳酸堆积量与疲劳感程度越高。 相似文献
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目的:研究有氧运动对肥胖者儿童体脂比消耗的影响。方法:实验组运动时专业技术人员采用POLAR表对受试者的运动心率进行监控,使其控制在心率储备的20%~40%范围内,保证运动强度在有氧运动范围内。实验组每天运动3次,每次1 h,共进行5周有氧训练,运动前后各进行10~20 min的准备活动。对照组不进行有氧运动。结果:实验组体重、体重指数、体脂比、体脂含量实验后与实验前相比,实验组与对照组相比显著降低。TG实验组实验后与实验前相比,实验组与对照组相比显著降低;TC实验组实验后与实验前相比,实验组与对照组相比,均非常显著性降低,对照组实验前与试验后相比,显著性降低;HDL实验组与对照组相比,显著增加;LDL实验组实验后与实验前相比显著降低。TG、FIN、FBG末次与安静时相比,末次与首次相比,均显著降低;HDL、LDL末次与安静时相比,末次与首次相比,均有非常显著性差异;TC末次与安静时相比,显著降低,末次与首次相比非常显著性降低。Ins实验后与实验前相比,实验组与对照组相比均非常显性降低;Cor实验后与实验前相比,实验组与对照组相比均显著降低。Ins末次与安静时和首次相比,均非常显著性降低。结论:有氧运动能够增加肥胖者儿童的体脂比消耗。 相似文献
3.
目的:研究严寒情况下体育运动与中性粒细胞的关系。方法:针对40名某大学体育科学学院男生,分成常温对照组、常温运动组、低温对照组、低温运动组,每次分别测定各组在安静时和游泳运动后,即刻耳血中性粒细胞糖原含量。结果:安静情况下,运动员中性粒细胞糖原阳性率几乎百分之百,低温运动后即刻中性粒细胞阳性率显著降低。常温下运动员中性粒细胞糖原积分较高,低温环境下运动员中性细胞吞噬活动也降低。常温对照组和低温对照的粒细胞较运动前都要显著性提高(P0.05)。结论:严寒环境下体育运动后中性细胞糖原强度积分降低,中性细胞吞噬活动降低,粒细胞糖原明显低于常温运动。 相似文献
4.
目的:分析强污染下运动对心肺功能的影响。方法:选取某市某校大学生志愿者60名,其中男生30名,女生30名,将其随机划分成四组,分别为强污染运动组、强污染对照组、低污染运动组、低污染对照组,每组20人,强污染运动组在强污染环境下进行Bruce方案,强污染对照组不进行运动,但与强污染运动组共同处于强污染环境下,低污染对照组不进行运动,但处于低污染环境下。结果:强污染运动组的安静心率、收缩压、舒张压、脉搏压、心功指数均高于强污染对照组与低污染对照组,且安静心率、脉搏压、心功指数与低污染对照组相比具有显著性差异(P0.05),与强污染对照组相比具有非常显著性差异(P0.01);收缩压与强污染对照组相比具有显著性差异(P0.05)。强污染运动组ESD、EDD、ESV、EDV、MSER以及MVCF均高于强污染对照组和低污染对照组,其中EDV与MVCF和低污染对照组相比,具有显著性差异(P0.05);EDV、MSER与强污染对照组相比,具有显著性差异(P0.05);MVCF与强污染对照组相比具有非常显著性差异(P0.01)。强污染运动组实验后FVC、FEV1、FEF25%-75%、FEF与实验前相比明显增加,且具有非常显著性差异(P0.01);MVV较实验后明显降低,且具有非常显著性差异(P0.01),而强污染对照组与低污染对照组实验前后均无显著性差异。结论:强污染运动下,运动对改善和提高心肺功能具有非常积极的作用。 相似文献
5.
目的:分析高糖量摄入与运动MDA指标的关系。方法:选取16名运动员,按照年龄、体重、运动级别随机划分成高糖摄入实验组和对照组,补充前后一个月分别进行功率自行车测试,测试总功,对运动员的RBC-GSH-PXRBC-SOD及血浆MDA的含量进行测试,分别测定不同高糖量摄入运动组和对照组中运动员机体血清中丙二醛(MDA含量,并进行运动前后自身对照比较。结果:实验组的总功、总功/LBW较补液前有明显提高(P0.05对照组各项指标均无统计学差异;摄入蔗糖后,安静时RBCMDA的含量两组间仍无显著性差异,实验组运动后即刻RBC-MDA含量明显低于对照组运动后水平(P0.05)实验组运动后RBC-SOD含量无显著性变化,实验组RBC-GSH-Px含量较运动前有明显提高(P0.05)同对照组无差异;摄入蔗糖后实验组RBC-GSH-Px的升高幅度显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:高糖量摄入增强运动自由基的代谢水平,提高了运动员的运动能力,抑制运动引发的自由基损伤。 相似文献
6.
目的:分析过度运动状态下SD大鼠心血管内分泌症状特征。方法:选择雄性SD大鼠40只,依据体重随机划分成安静对照组、中等过度运动组、强过度运动组以及力竭运动组,对于运动组的大鼠,需每天在跑台上完成不同程度的8周过度运动训练,采用仿射免疫法测定大鼠心机细胞中内皮素ET、血管紧张素AGTⅡ、心机细胞膜上受体ETR等内分泌症状特征的变化情况。结果:强过度运动组大鼠的AGTⅡ含量均显著低于安静组(P0.01),力竭运动组大鼠的AGTⅡ含量与安静组无显著性差异;强过度运动组大鼠的ET含量均显著低于安静组大鼠(P0.01);力竭运动组大鼠和中等过度运动组的ET含量和安静组相比并无显著性差异;强过度运动组大鼠的ETR值显著增加(P0.05),力竭运动组大鼠的ETR值显著降低(P0.01);各运动组大鼠的ANP含量和安静组相比均显著增高(P0.05、P0.01),力竭运动组大鼠的ANP含量比安静组显著降低(P0.05)。结论:中等过度运动可明显改善内分泌功能,而过度运动阻碍内分泌系统的功能。 相似文献
7.
目的:研究氧气稀缺区的运动强度同内脏损伤关系。方法:选择某大学竞技体育学院运动员30名,受试者分别在常氧、模拟海拔1500、2500、3500 m低氧环境中,完成传递负荷功率自行车测试,探讨运动员最大摄氧量以及运动强度同内脏损伤的关系。结果:随着海拔高度的增加,运动心率呈现下降趋势;低氧环境下运动出现单峰值时,发生概率为50%的内脏轻度、中度和重度损伤的运动峰值,分别是66 N/次、116 N/次和180 N/次;随着运动强度的增加,引起同样程度运动强度所需的超强峰值逐渐降低。结论:低氧环境下,运动强度对人员内脏损伤的程度,主要同运动员最大摄氧量比例值,运动强度的峰值,运动持续时间有关,运动员最大摄氧量比例值越高,内脏损伤程度越低,运动强度峰值越高,内脏损伤的程度越高,运动持续时间越长,内脏损伤所需的运动强度值越低。 相似文献
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目的:以心肌mTOR信号、静态心率以及心肌变力变化趋势为分析基础,对高强度运动下大鼠心肌变力衰弱情况进行分析。方法:以雄性SD大鼠为研究对象,将其划分成对照组、中等运动组以及高强度运动组,对运动组大鼠进行递增负荷跑台训练,共进行5周。在末次运动后即刻、5 h、10 h以及20 h,分别取大鼠左心室心肌和血液。检测实验大鼠心肌mTOR的蛋白表达。将实验运动组大鼠S1幅值对安静组大鼠S1幅值增加的相应倍数定义为心肌变力变化趋势。结果:高强度组大鼠的心脏重量显著低于中等强度组和对照组。中等强度组大鼠心肌mTOR在运动后10 h达到峰值,高强度运动组大鼠心肌mTOR在运动后5 h达到峰值。高强度组大鼠心肌变力变化情况显著高于中等强度组。高强度运动组的大鼠心率对安静时心率以及心肌变力变化趋势都低于安静组以及中等强度组。结论:心肌变力随着运动强度增大而增加,长期高强度运动下心肌变力mTOR信号未被激活,导致静态心率以及心肌变力变化趋势减弱,导致严重的心肌变力衰弱,使得心肌损伤向病历性发展的风险。 相似文献
10.
现代竞技体育要求运动员每天进行大运动量的训练,以提高运动能力。但往往是运动员在机体轻度疲劳的情况下接受新的负荷,最终导致运动损伤。本人通过对投掷运动员的疲劳与恢复这个问题的探索和研究,提出了疲劳的确定方法和疲劳的恢复方法。 相似文献
11.
A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
13.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
14.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
15.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
16.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
17.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
18.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
19.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
20.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献