共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
纳米材料的广泛研究为纳米结构薄膜材料的开发和研究提供了坚实的基础.目前,利用自组装的方法制备类似生物材料的有序纳米结构,技术也已经较为成熟.本文采用聚乙二醇（PEG）作为有机添加剂,通过控制PEG的量,可以制备出更小尺寸和形状的二氧化钛薄膜纳米颗粒膜. 相似文献
2.
3.
阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板法是一种能够实现低成本制备大面积图案化纳米结构的方法,在生物传感器、海水淡化以及光电器件等领域具有广阔的应用前景。AAO模板具有众多形貌,其中以倒锥形AAO模板制备的纳米锥结构能够有效地消除菲涅尔反射,被广泛应用于大面积图案化薄膜的制备以及改善传统光电器件的性能。本文以倒锥形AAO模板的制备及其应用为主题展开文献综述,介绍了倒锥形AAO模板的制备原理和方法,总结倒锥形AAO模板辅助制备聚合物、金属以及无机非金属图案化纳米结构的具体实验方法。随后,详细介绍倒锥形AAO模板辅助图案化纳米结构在光学减反层、宽谱光吸收体、超疏水表面等领域应用的研究进展。最后,本文总结了倒锥形AAO模板图案化技术所面临的一些问题和挑战,并对未来的发展做出展望。 相似文献
4.
SnO2是一种重要的宽能级n型半导体金属氧化物,是一种重要的功能材料。制成的SnO2纳米棒可以在传感器方面发挥很大用途,在透明导电薄膜、太阳能电池电极、光催化剂等方面发挥重要作用。实验采用多孔硅为模板,使用直流磁控溅射的方法,向多孔硅的孔柱内溅射Sn,使孔柱内生长了一定厚度的Sn膜。然后进行氧化工艺,生成SnO2。再进行刻蚀工艺,将多孔硅表面的SnO2膜腐蚀掉,再腐蚀一段多孔硅模板,露出一段SnO2柱,在模板上生长出SnO2纳米棒。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
通过向SiO2 Opal模板中填充钛酸乙酯制备TiO2光子晶体，观测到光子晶体带隙位置的移动达62 nm，并发现光子晶体的有序度随填充率的升高而下降。向聚苯乙烯Opal模板中填充钛酸乙酯，制备成当时填充率最高、带隙最短的紫外波段TiO2反Opal光子晶体 (中心波长~380 nm)，并根据测量的其透射谱估算出其填充率约为12%，即Opal模板孔隙的50%被填充。本文还对二维 PPLN光子晶体进行了研究。建立了一套高压极化装置和电压数据采集装置，通过外加电场极化法成功制备出了具有正方形和矩形两种晶格形状二维 PPLN光子晶体。利用二维PPLN的二阶准相位匹配，测量了其对1.064 mm激光的二次谐波转换效率，并研究了晶体的温度、激光的入射角度及占空比对二次谐波转换效率的影响。利用矩形晶格实现了多方向、多波长倍频高效输出。 相似文献
8.
以SnCl4·5H2O、NiCl2·6H2O、氨水等为原料,控制反应溶液的pH值、反应物浓度、反应温度、掺杂比例等条件,采用化学沉淀法制备出SnO2纳米粒子,通过对其进行XRD、SEM、气敏性能的测试分析可知:用化学沉淀法获得的SnO2粒子粒径约为60nm,粒子呈球形,且分散性好,掺镍的SnO2薄膜对还原性气体H2有较高的灵敏度。 相似文献
9.
超疏水性纳米界面材料的制备与研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
制备并研究了几种超疏水性纳米界面材料,具体包括(1)以多孔氧化铝为模板,通过一种新的模板挤压法制备了聚丙烯腈纳米纤维,该纤维表面在没有任何低表面能物质修饰时即具有超疏水性,与水的接触角可高达173.8°.(2)利用亲水性聚合物聚乙烯醇制备了具有超疏水性的表面,打破了传统上只有利用疏水材料才能得到超疏水性表面的局限性,扩大了制备材料的应用范围.研究表明,这种特殊的现象是由于聚乙烯醇分子在纳米结构表面发生重排,使得疏水基团向外,分子间氢键向内,从而导致整个体系的表面能降低引起的.(3)将聚丙烯腈纳米纤维通过典型的热解过程,得到了具有类石墨结构的纳米结构碳膜,该膜表面在广泛pH值范围内都具有超疏水的特征,在基因传输、无损失液体输送、微流体等方面具有更广阔的应用前景.(4)利用喷涂-干燥技术制备了一种新型的同时具有超疏水及超亲油性的油水分离网膜.研究表明,网膜表面特殊的微米与纳米尺寸相结合的粗糙结构导致这种特殊的性质,该网膜具有很高的油水分离效率,具有极其广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
10.
金属氧化物及其复合纳米纤维具有独特性能和潜在的应用价值,一直为人们所关注。本文提出了一种简便制备CuO/SiO2纳米复合纤维的新方法。即将静电纺丝技术与溶胶凝胶法结合,得到前驱体纤维;随后在适当的温度下热处理去除有机成分,最终得到直径150～200 nm的质量比为10%CuO/90%SiO2复合纳米纤维。使用SEM、TG-DTG、XRD、FT-IR、BET、UV-Vis技术手段对样品进行表征。SEM、TG-DTG、XRD、FT-IR结果表明该纤维的成分、形貌和晶相很大程度上受到煅烧温度的影响。BET结果表明该纤维的比表面积为141.95 m2/g,是纳米结构。光吸收测量结果发现该纤维的紫外光吸收性能随纤维晶相改变而改变。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
14.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
15.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
16.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
19.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献