共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 253 毫秒
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支气管解痉剂是治疗哮喘急性发作的主要药物,其中以β_2受体激动剂“最为重要”。WHO于1995制定的“哮喘全球防治战略”推荐首选吸入β_2受体激动剂治疗急性哮喘。对于绝大多数患者,吸入治疗和全身用药临床效果相似,而副作用明显减轻。但吸入疗法相对于传统的口服或静脉给药对临床护理提出了更高的要求,要求医护人员应正确指导患者使用吸入疗 相似文献
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布地奈德加沙丁胺醇雾吸治疗支气管哮喘急性发作疗效观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:观察雾化吸入药物治疗支气管哮喘急性发作的疗效.方法:407例支气管哮喘急性发作患者(均为中、重度患者),随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组用氨茶碱、激素常规治疗,治疗组使用布地奈德(普米克令舒)加沙丁胺醇雾化吸入,观察两组用药后患者症状缓解及肺部哮鸣音减少或消失时间.结果:两组治疗后均有一定的疗效,但治疗组用药量少,疗效更快.结论:值得临床推广. 相似文献
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李晓泊 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》1998,(2)
支气管哮喘是一种过敏变态反应性疾病与接触,吸入或食用某些具有过敏性的物质有关,与病人所处的地球位置及气候条件有关。目前已有不少的临床医师发现,本病的发作同时与病人的心理因素有关,至少心理因素可以激发或加重哮喘的发作,所以,支气管哮喘已被列入第三类心身疾病——过敏性疾病。针对心身疾病的治疗,采用传统的躯体疗法已不全面,还必须重视和采用适当的心理治疗与心理护理,才能使病人的疾病康复。心理护理对支气管哮喘病人尤为重要。 1 心理特点 相似文献
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为探讨康复体育对老年支气管哮喘患者的治疗效果及机制，将57名老年支气管哮喘患者随机分为实验组（进行1年系统的康复体育锻炼）和对照组（除未进行康复体育锻炼外。其他条件与实验组相同），观察测定锻炼前后心肺机能相关指标和支气管哮喘发病次数、发病时症状表现．结果显示：实验组心肺功能能力明显增强。支气管哮喘发病次数显著性下降，发病时症状减轻；与实验前和对照组比较有显著性差异．研究表明，康复体育能增强老年支气管哮喘患者心肺功能能力，提高抗病能力，改善哮喘病发病症状，对哮喘病具有明显康复疗效． 相似文献
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目的 研究对比沙美特罗替卡松气雾剂(舒利迭)分别联合酮替芬和孟鲁司特治疗支气管哮喘的临床效果。方法 56例确诊的支气管哮喘患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,各28例,两组患者同时吸入舒利迭50μg/250μg,对照组患者在此基础上给予口服孟鲁斯特治疗,观察组患者给予口服酮替芬治疗,观察两组患者疗效及不良反应并进行对比。结果 观察组患者治疗后的哮喘控制测试评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者不良反应发生率为10.71%明显低于对照组的28.57%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 酮替芬结合舒利迭治疗支气管哮喘具有较高的临床医学价值,值得大力推广。 相似文献
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《赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)》2017,(2)
目的:探讨阿奇霉素治疗支气管哮喘的疗效及其免疫调节作用.方法:60例支气管哮喘患者随机分为观察组和对照组.对照组给予青霉素静注联合布地奈德、沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗,观察组给予阿奇霉素静注联合布地奈德、沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗,连续治疗4周.治疗前后检测血清IL-4、IFN-γ水平,治疗结束后评价临床疗效,观察不良反应.结果:观察组临床疗效总有效率为93.3%,显著高于对照组(56.7%),相比较有显著性差异(x2=10.756,P0.01).疗程结束后,观察组IL-4水平显著下降,IFN-γ水平显著上升,与治疗前比较有显著性差异(P0.01),而治疗前后对照组IL-4、IFN-γ水平无显著差异(P0.05).两组均未出现严重不良反应.结论:阿奇霉素治疗支气管哮喘疗效确切,安全可靠,值得临床推广.其机制可能是通过抑制IL-4表达和上调IFN-γ表达,调节Th1/Th2的失衡而发挥免疫调节作用. 相似文献
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支学军 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》2006,23(5):34-35
目的：探讨联合吸入糖皮质激素与长效＆激动剂对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的治疗作用。方法：急性加重期COPD病人60例，给予吸入布地奈德干粉400μg．2次／d．同时吸入福莫特罗干粉9μg，2次／d。观察1月、3月、6月，并测定痰液中炎性介质白细胞介素（IL-8）的量。结果：肺功能治疗前后有明显提高（P〈0．05）。呼吸症状均有所改善，尤其是喘息症状改善明显；痰中IL-8治疗后明显下降（P〈O．05）。结论：联合吸入糖皮质激素与长效β2激动剂对COPD患者的肺功能、自觉症状均有改善，痰中IL-8水平降低，可能与糖皮质激素加强了对气道炎症的作用有关。 相似文献
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目的:总结分析支气管哮喘夜间发作的原因与护理干预效果。方法:将118例支气管哮喘患者按入院顺序分为观察组和对照组各59例。对观察组分析支气管哮喘夜间发作的原因,并对其进行护理干预。对照组按支气管哮喘护理常规进行护理。结果:观察组哮喘夜间发作情况及死亡率均低于对照组。结论:对支气管哮喘患者实施护理干预,可有效地预防患者夜间发作,大大提高治疗效果。 相似文献
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128例支气管哮喘患儿病因调查分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:探讨本地区小儿支气管哮喘的病因及诱因.方法:收集门诊就诊的支气管哮喘病例,进行病因调查.结果:哮喘患儿以外源性病因多见,其中以上呼吸道感染最多见,占58.6%,发病季节以春秋季为主.结论:引起哮喘的病因多种多样,应从预防工作着手,回避和控制哮喘的发病及诱发因素. 相似文献
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张春莉 《襄樊职业技术学院学报》2014,(3):41-43
目的 探讨小儿支气管哮喘与机体免疫的关系.方法 采用克隆抗体法,检测60例哮喘患儿和20例健康对照组T细胞亚群比值,并进行对比分析.结果 哮喘患儿的T细胞亚群比值与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 哮喘患儿T细胞总数减少,CD8细胞数量和功能有缺陷.哮喘发作中CD4/CD8比值的作用机制有待进一步探讨. 相似文献
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Katherine B. Ehrlich Gregory E. Miller Madeleine Shalowitz Rachel Story Cynthia Levine Deanna Williams Van Le Edith Chen 《Child development》2019,90(6):e718-e728
Children's perceptions of caregivers as a secure base have been linked with socioemotional outcomes, but little is known about connections to physical health. We examined whether secure base representations are associated with children's symptoms, family management strategies, and inflammatory processes in children with asthma. Participants included 308 children (ages 8–17) and one parent. Children completed a blood draw to measure asthma-related immune functions and reported on perceptions of their mothers as a secure base and their asthma symptoms. Dyads completed interviews about asthma management. Analyses revealed that children's secure base perceptions were associated with better family asthma management and lower Type 2 T-helper cell cytokine production. These findings suggest that secure base representations may be protective for children with asthma. 相似文献
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为明确襄樊地区哮喘患儿的变应原种类，为本地区哮喘儿童的防治方案提供科学依据，应用皮肤点刺试验，对160例哮喘患儿进行多种吸入性变应原测试。结果显示：皮肤点刺试验（APT）阳性率较高，变应原以螨虫最多，其次为霉菌及皮毛。 相似文献
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Charnicia E.Huggins 《海外英语》2003,(1):17
Helping young adults better manage their asthma may be as simple as sending asthma-related text messages to theirmobile phones, according to a team of UK researchers. This is " one way we might be able to progress in trying to make asthma and (asthma) medications fit around the lives of young people and not the other way around, " Dr. Ron 相似文献
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帅春兰 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2013,(6):62-64
目的 调查分析布地奈德联合特布他林雾化吸入治疗哮喘护理满意度.方法 选择208例哮喘急性发作期患者,进行布地奈德2mg联合特布他林5mg加入3ml生理盐水中雾化吸入,每天2次,连续5～7天,然后对患者进行护理满意度的调查分析.结果 患者对护理人员的平均护理满意度为91.7％,在护士对哮喘知识的掌握、药物知识的介绍、护士技术操作水平、心理沟通、健康教育方面的满意度依次为89.8％、88.8％、87.3％、88.4％、86.5％.结论 布地奈德联合特布他林雾化吸入治疗哮喘的临床护理满意度较高,医院护理部应加强服务文化的教育,跟踪服务环节,进一步提高护理整体服务质量. 相似文献
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目的：研究IL-4mRNA和IL-4蛋白在哮喘大鼠CD34^＋细胞中的转录表达及孟鲁司特（montelukast,MK）对其表达的影响。方法：将SD大鼠随机分为3组：哮喘组、MK组和正常对照组。用卵白蛋白制备大鼠哮喘模型。应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验测定血浆中IL-4和γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）浓度;用MiniMACS磁珠分选系统分离骨髓CD34^＋细胞;采用SYBRGREEN I荧光实时定量PCR法测定CD34^＋细胞中IL-4mRNA的相对表达量。采用免疫组化技术测定CD34＋细胞中IL-4蛋白的表达量。结果：哮喘组骨髓CD34＋细胞中IL-4mR．NA和IL-4蛋白的表达量高于其它各组（p〈0．01）;哮喘组除了IFN-1水平低外,IL-4浓度和嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）绝对值都是三组中最高的（P〈0．01）;除哮喘组外,其余组的各项指标相近（P〉0．05）。IL-4mRNA表达量与IL-4浓度、Eos绝对值呈正相关（P〈0．01）,与IFN-γ浓度呈负相关（P〈0．01）。结论：哮喘大鼠骨髓CD34^＋细胞中IL-4 mKNA的表达增强;孟鲁司特可以下调IL-4mRNA的表达。可能成为其抑制哮喘气道炎症形成的重要机制之一。 相似文献
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Alan R. Morton 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1994,14(2):49-59
Asthma is one of the most common respiratory disorders in many parts of the world today. It has been established that as many as 14% of Singaporean elementary school children have asthma (Chay, 1990). This means that a physical education teacher in Singapore with a class of 40 students can expect to have, on the average, five or six students in that group who suffer from asthma. A total of 7,465 patients were admitted to Singapore hospitals with bronchial asthma during 1991 (Ministry of Health, Singapore, 1992). It has been claimed that as many as 10 million Americans are affected, 3 million under the age of 18 years and 7 million adults (American Lung Association, 1990) while the general prevalence has been determined as 6.6% (Dodge and Burrows, 1980). There were 4,300 asthma related deaths in the USA in 1988 and the annual economic cost of the disease, including direct and indirect costs, exceeded $4 billion in 1988 (American Lung Association, 1990). More than 1.2 million Canadians are asthmatic and the disease kills about 600 per year. It is imperative, therefore, that the physical education teacher has a sound understanding of the disease as an attack of asthma provoked by physical activity is a common occurrence. 相似文献
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This study aims to describe the types of intrafamilial violence perpetrated against children according to living conditions, family factors, and child characteristics, and to identify the association between types of intrafamilial violence and asthma symptoms in atopic and non-atopic children. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,370 caregivers as part of the Social Changes, Asthma and Allergy in Latin America (SCAALA) study, conducted in 2006 in Brazil. The study population was selected by random sampling. The main outcome measures were atopic and non-atopic asthma. We investigate the association between intrafamilial violence and asthma symptoms in atopic and non-atopic children. A backward multivariate logistic polytomous regression was performed to verify the main association. Nonviolent discipline (NVD) and maltreatment nonviolent discipline (MNVD) were positively associated with non-atopic asthma symptoms (NVD: odds ratio (OR) = 1.95/95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.17–3.25; MNVD: OR = 1.95/95% CI = 1.19–3.20). However, for the most severe intrafamilial violence, this association was not found after control of potential confounders. This study demonstrates the effect of types of intrafamilial violence on non-atopic asthma. Intrafamilial violence against children represents one more component in the determination of non-atopic asthma in Latin America. 相似文献