共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
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高压富气输送管道要求发展管道钢的裂纹尖端张开角的测试方法。采用准静态的撕裂过程和长裂纹扩展长度试件,进行了X70管道钢的裂纹扩展试验,用摄像机跟踪拍摄裂纹扩展全过程,从获得的照片上直接测量出裂纹扩展全过程的CTOA值,分析了裂纹扩展中的断裂力学行为。试验结果表明,试件的韧带厚度越小,越容易获得稳定的扩展过程,且稳态裂纹扩展的CTOA值随试件韧带厚度的增加而增大,太厚的试件不易得到稳态扩展过程。韧带厚度为4 mm、8 mm试件的稳态的裂纹扩展阶段分别为7.6°、11.3°,裂纹扩展长度与韧带厚度比在4~25、4~10之间。 相似文献
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通过对圆柱体直前缘表面裂纹在循环拉伸与循环扭转载荷共同作用下的扩展规律进行实验研究,分析了不同载荷曲线相位差、以及拉扭应力幅度对表面裂纹扩展路径、疲劳寿命和裂纹扩展速率的影响。结果表明:不同的相位差对裂纹扩展行为有着非常重要的影响。初始阶段的裂纹扩展主要受到剪应力幅度的影响,后继扩展则依赖于轴向应力幅度。拉应力和剪应力的增加均会增加裂纹扩展速率,但轴向应力幅度变化的影响大于剪切应力幅度。 相似文献
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《东南大学学报》2016,(3)
利用数字式高速摄影与透射式动态焦散线光学技术相结合的方法,对含异型双夹杂三点弯曲梁在冲击载荷作用下的动态断裂力学行为进行了研究.实验研究结果表明:裂纹扩展过程中,裂纹扩展速度v经历了波动性增大再减小的过程;在裂纹扩展至夹杂中间区域过程中,圆形双夹杂对裂纹的阻裂作用最强,三角形双夹杂和正方形双夹杂的阻裂作用较弱;裂纹在距离夹杂较远处向夹杂扩展过程中,裂尖应力强度因子波动性增加;当裂尖靠近夹杂时,其裂尖应力强度因子达到最大值.当裂纹扩展超出夹杂所对应中间区域,裂尖应力强度因子出现波动性降低趋势.研究成果为含异型夹杂结构的强度评估及断裂分析提供实验依据及科学基础. 相似文献
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Devi CHANDRA ;Judha PURBOLAKSONO ;Yusoff NUKMAN ;Haw-ling LIEW ;Singh RAMESH ;Mohsen-abdel HASSAN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,15(11):873-882
研究目的：在相同的反复张力下,研究V形切口圆条表面裂纹的疲劳扩展规律。研究方法：1.构建V形切口圆条模型（图1）,基于线性二次元将模型表面离散成一个个网格点（图2）;2.以AZ-6A-T5镁合金为例,利用J积分计算应力强度因数,利用NASGRO裂纹增长率模拟裂纹的疲劳扩展;3.通过研究不同的裂纹纵横比和对应的应力强度因数之间的相关性来研究裂纹的扩展。重要结论：1.在裂纹扩展时裂纹纵横比的初始值对断裂形状的发展有重要影响;2.裂纹纵横比对疲劳负荷寿命的作用比缺口半径更加明显;3.当裂纹前缘演变成一条直线形时可观察到不稳定的裂纹扩展;4.裂纹深度一定时,断裂纵横比越小,疲劳负荷寿命越短;5.当裂纹纵横比为0.6-0.7时,出现了不稳定的裂纹扩展。 相似文献
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《武汉工程职业技术学院学报》2017,(3)
基于等离子喷涂涂层显微组织图片构建有限元模型,准确反映孔洞、裂纹等缺陷在涂层中的实际分布特征。利用LS-DYNA有限元方法计算拉伸过程中涂层内部的应力变化,以最大主应力作为涂层材料的失效判据,模拟裂纹萌生、扩展过程。数值模拟结果表明,喷涂过程中在陶瓷层内形成的横向主裂纹尖端是拉伸过程中裂纹扩展的萌生点,裂纹在扩展过程中与原有缺陷相互作用使得扩展的裂纹发生了分叉以及偏转,真实再现了裂纹扩展引起涂层失效的过程。 相似文献
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高压水射流冲击下煤体初始失效机理研究有助于评价煤体损伤特征。以九龙矿2#煤层为研究对象,采用光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics, SPH)方法建立了水射流冲蚀煤体数值模型,结合von Mises理论分析了煤体在高压水射流冲击下内部应力分布及裂纹扩展特征,并基于Python编程图像处理技术量化表征了煤体内裂纹形成规律。研究结果表明：在射流冲击下煤体损伤演化过程分为3个典型区,即破碎区、初始裂纹形成区和裂纹扩展区。当射流接触煤体表面时,在水锤效应影响下煤体主要受剪应力作用形成破碎区;在初始裂纹形成区,煤体受到压剪应力及微小拉应力共同作用,初始裂纹萌生;随着水锤效应的消失,射流冲击引发的应力波导致煤体内部主要承受拉应力作用,形成裂纹扩展区。因此,在实际工程中可以通过实时监测射流冲击下煤体内部应力特征来判断其损伤程度。 相似文献
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《实验室研究与探索》2015,(7)
在RMT-B型岩石力学试验机上,对预置倾斜单裂纹的大理岩板试样进行单轴压缩试验,分析了预置裂纹在荷载作用下闭合面摩擦系数及裂纹倾角对裂纹扩展的影响。试验结果表明,当设定摩擦系数后,预置裂纹倾角大于45°时,同样应力水平下裂纹面上有效剪力Q明显趋大;在达到相同有效剪力水平下,预置裂纹倾角大于45°时,所需应力水平值变小,此时预置裂纹倾角为开始裂纹扩展的最不利方向。分析表明,大理岩板中最不利裂纹方位角介于45°~67.5°。该大理岩板材中预置裂纹倾角为60°时,更容易发生裂纹扩展。此外,大理岩板承受单轴压缩时,裂纹扩展与裂纹倾角方向还和裂纹面上摩擦系数相关。裂纹扩展由裂纹面上有效剪力引起,其断裂过程为I-II复合型。 相似文献
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文章研究了高周循环螺栓小疲劳裂纹形成和扩展的过程,讨论了结构碳钢制造螺栓时热轧和调质状态的应力情况,得出了小裂纹尺寸与应力强度因子幅值△K的关系式、疲劳裂纹扩展速度dl／dN和扩展寿命Np的计算式。 相似文献
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The mechanism and criterion of crack initiation and propagation of rocks were investigated by many researchers,And the creep behaviour of rocks was also theoretically and experimentally studied by some scientists and engineers.The characteristics of crack initation and propagation of rocks under creep condition.however,are very improtant for rock engineering and still not paid enough attention by researchers,In this paper,the criterion and mechanism of crack initiation and propagation under creep condition were investigated using specimens collected from sandstone rock formations outcropping in the Emei Mountain,the Sichuan Province of China.Cuboid specimens under three point bending were used in this investigation.All specimens were classified into four sorts and used for Mode-I fracutre of creep frcture tests.The experimental result shows that due to creep deformation.rock crack will inevitably initialt and propagate under a load of KI,which is less than fracture toughness KIC but not less than a constant(marked as KIC2),KIC2 indicates the ability of rock to resist crack initiation and propagation under creep conditions and is less than fracture tough ness KIC.defined as creep fracture toughness in this paper,KIC2 should be considered as an importnat parameter on design and computation of rock engineering.The microstructureal mechanism for crack initiation and propagation of rock materials under creep condition was introduced based on competitive model between softening effect and hardening effect,and the validity of test result was explained.The test result was also verified in rheological theory.When KI is more than KIC2 but less than KIC,rock crack will initiate and propagate after a time interval of sustained loading under creep condition.In order to find the relation between duration of sustained lading.which can lead to crack initiation and propagation,and the initial stress intensity factor KI,an unequal0interval time sequence forecasting and predicting model was introduced,and the relation was obtained for homogeneous and isotropic fine-grained red sandstone.Finally a modified fracture toughness formula was given,in which the influence of fracture process zone(FPZ) was fully considered. 相似文献
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The fracture processes of concrete were described by a cohesive crack model based on initial toughness criterion. The corresponding analytical method to predict the instability state was proposed. In this model, the initial toughness was adopted as the crack propagation criterion and the weight function method was used to calculate the stress intensity factor and the crack opening displacement caused by the cohesive stress. The unstable toughness can be easily obtained using the proposed method without measuring parameters at the critical state that was necessary in traditional methods. The proposed method was verified by existing experimental data of wedge splitting specimens with different grades of concrete and the sensitivity of the results on the tensile softening curve was discussed. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can well predict the peak load, the critical effective crack length, and the unstable toughness of concrete specimens. Moreover, the calculated unstable toughness is not sensitive to the tensile softening curve. 相似文献
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复杂飞机结构裂纹萌生寿命确定的工程方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用静拉伸应变测量试验的方法,确定了典型飞机复杂结构在载荷作用下的应变分布,并准确判断出其疲劳危险部位。对典型飞机复杂结构模拟件进行了等幅加载疲劳试验,并在疲劳试验过程中采用着色探伤方法测得了疲劳裂纹扩展数据。在此基础上,提出并建立了一种适用于确定复杂结构疲劳裂纹萌生寿命的工程方法,包括疲劳裂纹萌生寿命反推法和含有不确定寿命样本的统计推断方法。根据该方法对试验样本疲劳数据进行处理得出了裂纹萌生中值寿命及其在95%置信水平下的单侧置信下限。 相似文献
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Fatigue crack growth rate test using a frequency sweep method 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Xun ZHOU Xiao-li YU 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2008,9(3):346-350
Fatigue crack propagation characteristics of a diesel engine crankshaft are studied by measuring the fatigue crack growth rate using a frequency sweep method on a resonant fatigue test rig. Based on the phenomenon that the system frequency will change when the crack becomes large, this method can be directly applied to a complex component or structure. Finite element analyses （FEAs） are performed to calibrate the relation between the frequency change and the crack size, and to obtain the natural frequency of the test rig and the stress intensity factor （SIF） of growing cracks. The crack growth rate i.e. da/dN-AK of each crack size is obtained by combining the testing-time monitored data and FEA results. The results show that the crack growth rate of engine crankshaft, which is a component with complex geometry and special surface treatment, is quite different from that of a pure material. There is an apparent turning point in the Paris＇s crack partition. The cause of the fatigue crack growth is also discussed. 相似文献
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以福州地铁四号线的一个地铁隧道区间为研究对象,利用FLUENT构建车头电气火灾的数值模型。重点分析了在阻塞比为0.38与0.55条件下火灾烟气的运动特征及对疏散人员的影响。模拟结果表明:在火源上游位置,在未开启通风和开启通风的条件下,高温烟气聚集在隧道顶部,随高度下降,烟气温度降低,建议设置离轨面高度较低的疏散走道以提供更大的安全空间。同时,在未开启通风,且火源释热率及火灾发展时间相同的情况下,高阻塞比隧道内的初始温度较高;开启纵向通风后,对流换热增强,降温快,高温烟气在火源上游沿隧道长度方向、高度方向的运动都能得到有效的控制,有利于人员疏散。最后,给出了纵向通风条件下的疏散方案及建议。 相似文献
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LZ50车轴钢疲劳裂纹扩展试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
完成了连铸和模铸LZ50车轴钢疲劳裂纹扩展试验,得到了两类LZ50车轴钢的疲劳裂纹扩展曲线。采用Paris公式和另一种全范围表达式研究了两种铸造工艺下LZ50车轴钢的疲劳裂纹扩展规律。研究结果表明:Paris公式仅能描述LZ50车轴钢疲劳裂纹稳定扩展阶段的规律;全范围表达式对LZ50车轴钢的全范围疲劳裂纹扩展规律描述较好,且得到的疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值与试验曲线得到的门槛值接近,相对误差小于3%;连铸LZ50车轴钢的疲劳裂纹扩展速率门槛值低于模铸LZ50车轴钢,其疲劳裂纹扩展性能不如模铸LZ50车轴钢。 相似文献
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混凝土建筑物中的裂纹扩展追踪计算是确定结构安全度的重要手段。本文提出用虚拟裂纹单元及断裂力学准则(应变强度因子)追踪和模拟裂缝初始断裂、扩展并最终导致破坏的过程,给出一条逐段扩展的裂纹线,本方法计算结果与某些混凝土坝实测资料及模型试验结果吻合较好。 相似文献
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Calculation Model of Equivalent Strength for Induced Crack Based on Double-K Fracture Theory and Its Optimizing Setting in RCC Arch Dam 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
By means of fracture testing on roller-compacted concrete (RCC) three-point bending beams with two different specimen sizes, the P-CMOD complete curve for RCC was gained. Furthermore, by applying double-K fracture theory, KIC^ini,KIC^un, as well as the critical effective crack length and the critical crack tip opening displacement, were evaluated. Based on the double-K fracture parameters above, the calculation model of equivalent strength for induced crack was established, thus the calculation method on its initiation, stable propagation and unstable fracture was ascertained. Moreover, the finite element simulation analysis of stress field in ShaPai arch dam and the on-site observational splaying points of induced crack at different altitudes validated the reliability of the model. Finally, crack inducer‘s optimal setting in RCC arch dam was studied. It improves the design level of induced crack in RCC arch dam and satisfies the necessity of engineering practice. 相似文献
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