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1.
幼儿体育教师的教育对象主要是两岁至六岁间的学龄前儿童,在教学用语上就要根据儿童的年龄、生理和心理等方面的特征,合理恰当地运用教师口语。幼儿体育教师口语是否得当、是否准确、是否明晰、是否生动、是否幽默等等,都将决定着教学活动的成败。所以,幼儿体育教师除了辅以必要的肢体语言、口哨语言之外,还要讲究口语的艺术性。 相似文献
2.
Lynn D. Newton Douglas P. Newton 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2005,24(3):315-324
Some primary school teachers may neglect reasoning about art. Models of practice can exemplify classroom teaching and, to some extent, a textbook for children can be seen as a model of practice. Can those in art serve as models of practice and help teachers foster reasoning? This study examined 19 art textbooks intended for use by Key Stage 2 children (7–11 years old) to see to what extent they might direct a teacher's attention to reasoning in art. Some gave no attention to reasoning but some were found to have the potential to do that, at least in connection with evaluating the art of others. In this respect, they might serve as models of practice. Nevertheless, the teachers most likely to benefit from such models may not recognise a good one, be proficient in using it productively, be able to develop thinking about the art of others further or extrapolate thinking to the child's own art. Consequently, knowing what counts in art education and using models of practice to good effect could be an important part of training courses. 相似文献
3.
L. Mickey Fenzel Rebecca J. Dean Gerivonni Darden 《Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk》2014,19(1):20-35
The use of recent college graduates as uncertified classroom teachers has increased in recent years, with the growth of Teach for America, alternative certification routes for teachers, and alternative schools for urban children placed at risk. Few studies to date have investigated the effects of using these inexperienced teachers on the quality of classroom instruction and student engagement in learning. This study examines the effectiveness of using uncertified teaching fellows in alternative urban middle schools that employ the NativityMiguel educational model. Results support the value of using such teachers, provided they are well prepared, mentored, and given appropriate teaching responsibilities as they become more proficient in the classroom. Implications for practice in urban schools are discussed. 相似文献
4.
幼儿手工教具,是辅助于教师的教学玩具,它是教师根据教学需求、幼儿兴趣爱好以及幼儿成长阶段设计制作的一款教学玩具。农村大部分的幼儿教具的制作是利用各种废弃的生活材料制作的,并且是将其通过清洗、分类、加工、设计、重新组合的。手工教具的目的是通过教师组织带领幼儿共同制作,让幼儿在亲自制作的过程中发现自己综合能力,使幼儿进一步提高动手操作能力,激发幼儿的好奇心和探索行为,并以此获得更多的知识。 相似文献
5.
为提高幼儿园音乐活动效果,搜集优秀民间音乐作品36个,从中选择适合幼儿的音乐素材31个,通过整理形成了一个相对完整的幼儿园民族民间音乐教育体系。在使用民族民间音乐素材上要注意:歌唱活动引入容易上口的素材,选择具有典型方言特色的民歌民谣;欣赏素材的选用不必拘泥于作品本身固有的思想和寓意,而要尊重儿童的理解;民族民间集体舞蹈教学要遵循感—知—娱—学—创的基本规律;韵律活动中要选择节奏明快、感染力强、有一定情节的音乐。在运用民族民间音乐进行教学时应注意:教师的角色定位要有"留白"意识,要给幼儿留有自由的、富有个性的创作机会;注意发现典型,以点带面,充分调动幼儿间的互相学习和交流;教师除音乐专业知识外,还应不断拓展知识面,善于从日常生活中发现教育素材。 相似文献
6.
This study investigated eight prekindergarten teachers’ underlying assumptions about how children learn, and how these assumptions were used to inform and enact instruction. By contextualizing teachers’ knowledge and understanding as it is used in practice we were able to provide unique insight into the work of teaching. Participants focused on children’s ability to remember information, frequently through engagement and repetition. Teachers also anticipated what children would be learning in the early elementary years and taught that content, yet they did not necessarily expect children to remember the information, or even know if children learned the information. Implications for the design of both preservice and in-service teacher education are discussed. This includes helping teachers develop a strong foundational understanding of how children learn, establishing the pedagogical content knowledge relevant to teaching advanced symbol systems like literacy, and shifting pedagogical reasoning about practice. Given the link between the quality of instructional support and learning in the early years, developing the early childhood teaching force’s capacity to use knowledge to reason skillfully about teaching offers a critical lever for creating robust learning in the early years. 相似文献
7.
Psychology is one of the disciplines that provides education with a theoretical basis from which to inform the teaching and learning processes. This article examines square the areas of psychology to which early years teachers are typically introduced square the implications of these psychological perspectives on classroom practice square alternative psychological perspectives and their implications for practice in the early years.
The critical question addressed in this article is whether it is possible for early years teachers to achieve an understanding and appreciation of children's behaviour and development without also having insights into their own behaviour and family background? It is argued that teachers must recognise the importance of their own background as a key factor in how they look at children, teaching and events in the classroom; that how they were treated as children has a bearing on the way they too, relate to the children in their care; and that there will be echoes of their own up bringing in the way they face the tasks and challenges of teaching. It is particularly important that these issues are addressed by early years teachers given their potential influence on young children's social and emotional development. 相似文献
8.
Although widely touted as important, there is little evidence regarding the influence of teaching experience on elementary teachers' science subject matter knowledge (SMK). To better understand this phenomenon, we administered an assessment of science topics taught in the fifth and sixth grades to 169 preservice teachers, 231 fifth-grade teachers, and 208 sixth-grade teachers. We then compared the mean scores of teachers at different stages in the career cycle using one-way and two-way ANOVA and explored the relationship between SMK scores and years of teaching experience using regression analysis. Findings indicate that (i) being assigned to a specific grade level had an impact on teachers' SMK for topics included in the grade level, (ii) teachers' SMK scores were lower later in their careers for both science topics they had never taught and for science topics they were responsible for teaching, and (iii) results differed for fifth and sixth grades. This study adds to the existing literature through the examination of a large sample of elementary teachers, with teachers of varying years of experience, while focusing on the science topics these teachers are responsible for teaching. The results of this study provide strong evidence that (i) years of experience teaching specific science topics is associated with the development of teachers' knowledge of these topics, and (ii) teaching experience, what teachers do in the context of their everyday practice, can be an effective means of self-directed learning for teachers. There is also evidence that this influence is not uniform across years of teaching experience or science topics taught. These findings raise important implications about future research into the mechanism of SMK development through teaching experience and teacher grade-level assignments. 相似文献
9.
Nowadays, with the rapid progress of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), the integration of ICTs in education has attracted more and more attention of educators and researchers. However, there are different situations between developed and less-developed nations both in ICT application and in ICT research. PowerPoint is a readily available and most popular tool for teaching in some less-developed countries. Under this particular circumstance, it is not an outdated issue to explore teachers’ use of PowerPoint in teaching. Thus, this paper systematically looked at teachers’ PowerPoint use in the setting of Chinese kindergartens. Specifically, four questions were explored: (i) the status of PowerPoint-related infrastructures in the kindergartens; (ii) teachers’ use of PowerPoint in teaching; (iii) teachers’ design, competences and training related to PowerPoint; (iv) teachers’ perceptions and attitudes toward PowerPoint in teaching. A sample of 62 kindergarten teachers was investigated with a self-created questionnaire. Finally, it was found that the kindergartens had been well equipped with PowerPoint-related equipments; teachers frequently implemented teaching activities with PowerPoint and in an intelligent manner; the majority of teachers had positive perceptions and attitudes toward PowerPoint’s general effects, but there was an imbalance of perceptions and attitudes toward children’ emotional-social aspects and children’s cognitive aspects. Besides, the influencing factors of the availability and access to PowerPoint equipments in kindergartens, PowerPoint’s location, teachers’ using years of PowerPoint, teachers’ knowledge and skills, teachers’ training were also emphasized by this study. 相似文献
10.
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(2):140-154
The research reported here investigated pre-service English language teachers’ perceptions of newly arrived immigrant children from Mainland China in Hong Kong. Seventeen participants, who had at least 10 weeks of experience working with these immigrant children during teaching practicum, participated in focus group discussions and shared their perceptions. The data analysis revealed that the participants widely perceived these children as deficit and consider them a serious professional challenge. Further examination of the data helped reveal media, life and teaching practicum experiences with immigrant children as crucial sources that contributed to the formation of these perceptions. The findings call for teacher education programmes to involve pre-service teachers in critical engagement with the mass media and their own experiences so that they can address the deficit model applied by teachers to immigrant children. 相似文献
11.
Fatima Al-Maadadi 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2016,24(4):435-447
Writing often begins during the very early years of childhood; however, some children first learn writing when they begin attending school. Teachers’ beliefs about early writing development can influence when and how children learn to write. The purpose of this study was to determine kindergarten teachers’ beliefs about the development of children’s emergent writing in Qatari preschool settings. A 30-item questionnaire was completed by 93 kindergarten teachers with a range of qualifications, years of teaching experience, areas of specialisation, and preschool teaching level. They were selected from private and government-funded schools in Doha. The questionnaire consisted of four components: mechanisms of writing, concepts of writing, conventions of writing, and composing. The questionnaire responses indicated that teachers hold positive beliefs regarding most emergent writing components, with concepts of writing receiving the highest mean score, followed by mechanisms of writing. The results also revealed statistically significant differences among teachers due to a number of study variables. Based on these findings, the researchers offered a number of suggestions and recommendations aimed at promoting children’s emergent writing in Qatari preschool settings and similar contexts. 相似文献
12.
Nick Dowrick 《International Journal of Early Years Education》1997,5(3):255-261
The early years of education encompass a wide range of settings: little is known about their effects upon the development of early years student teachers. Fourteen postgraduate students in England were interviewed while teaching in nurseries (with 3‐ to 4‐year‐olds) and in primary classrooms (with 4‐ to 7‐year‐olds). Despite their initial doubts about the value of spending time in nurseries, they focused on similar teaching issues in both settings. In the nurseries, however, students were obliged to reassess their approaches in order to cope with unfamiliar situations. They learned the importance of being flexible and responsive to children, of using non‐coercive disciplinary methods, and of providing stimulating, varied and discussion‐based learning experiences. It is concluded that nursery teaching is highly relevant to the development of all early years student teachers, and that the process of adjustment which it can force upon them is beneficial for reflective teaching. 相似文献
13.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of parents and teachers as instructors of a personal safety program. Sixty-one low-income preschool children were pretested and participated in either a homebased program, a school-based program, or a control program. Children were posttested on knowledge and skill gains. No significant differences were found between groups of children taught by teachers or parents, and children in both of these groups demonstrated greater knowledge about sexual abuse and higher levels of personal safety skills compared with controls. Knowledge and skill gains were maintained at the two-month follow-up. No program-related increases in negative behaviors were reported by teachers, nor were the treatment children perceived by their parents as more fearful subsequent to participation. These results suggest that parents are as effective as teachers at teaching skills in personal safety to preschool-age children, and that the programs can be implemented safely and effectively both at home and at school. 相似文献
14.
儿童的认知世界并无学科之分,在启蒙教育阶段实施综合性养成教育,可以更好帮助儿童从立体的生活世界过渡到具有整体图式的认知世界,全科型卓越教师的提出与素养教育的现实诉求相契合。儿童认知规律和国内外全科教师研究都表明,小学全科型卓越教师的本质内涵不是能胜任全部科目的教学,而是能否遵循儿童认知发展规律,有效整合各学科知识,并具备设计和实施这类整合性课程教学的能力,更好促进儿童品性的发展。但是,目前小学全科型卓越教师的培养在教师教育的课程体系和师资队伍中都还存在若干挑战。可从师资队伍建设、课程与教学改革和增强职业吸引力三个路径入手,探索小学全科型卓越教师的有效培养。 相似文献
15.
袁凤 《南昌教育学院学报》2013,(8):137+142
作为教师,怎样发展我们自己?首先必须要认识到当教师的重要性,其次才谈发展。美国帕墨尔在《教学勇气——漫步教师心灵》一书中说道:"在经历了若干年的教师工作之后,我得到了一个令人惶恐的结论,教学的成功和失败,‘我’是决定性的因素。我个人采用的方法和每天的情绪,是造成学习气氛和情境的主因。身为老师,我具有极大的力量能够让孩子们活得愉快或悲惨,我可以是制造痛苦的工具,也可能是启发灵感的媒介。我能让人丢脸,也能叫人开心,能伤人,也可以救人。" 相似文献
16.
In this article we problematize the purpose of teaching science in preschool and the competences preschool teachers need in order to conduct science activities in the classroom. The empirical data were collected through an action research project with five preschool and primary school teachers (K-6). In the first section of this paper we use one situation, a floating–sinking experiment, as an illustration of how two different epistemological perspectives generate different foci on which kind of science teaching competences can be fruitful in preschool settings. In the first perspective, the central goal of science teaching is the development of the children’s conceptual understanding. With this perspective, we found that the science activities with children were unsuccessful, because their thoughts about concepts did not develop as expected, the situation even enhanced a “misconception” concerning density. Moreover, the teacher was unsuccessful in supporting the children’s conceptual learning. The second perspective uses a feminist approach that scrutinizes science, where we investigate if the floating–sinking activity contributes to a feeling of participation in a scientific context for the children and if so how the teacher promotes this inclusion. This second perspective showed that the children’s scientific proficiency benefited from the situation; they had a positive experience with density which was reinforced by the teacher. The children discovered that they had power over their own learning by using an experimental approach. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that there are competences other than subject matter knowledge that are also important when preschool teachers engage children in scientific activities. Through process-oriented work with the teacher group, we identified four concrete skills: paying attention to and using children’s previous experiences; capturing unexpected things that happen at the moment they occur; asking questions that challenge the children and that stimulate further investigation; creating a situated presence, that is, “remaining” in the situation and listening to the children and their explanations. We discuss possible ways to move preschool teachers away from their feelings of inadequacy and poor self-confidence in teaching science by reinforcing this kind of pedagogical content knowledge. 相似文献
17.
3-6岁幼儿处于语言发展的关键期,这一阶段的幼儿认知结构中知觉成分占主导,其思维方式表现为直观形象思维。打比方是幼儿园语言教学中常用的一种方法,这种方法对幼儿具有重要的语言教育价值:打比方为幼儿创造良好的语言环境,有助于其语言的习得;打比方符合幼儿思维发展特点,有益于其学习支架的搭建。在幼儿园语言教学中运用打比方具体体现为:打比方以幼儿已有生活经验为支架加深幼儿记忆,化未知为已知;依靠灵活多变的教学方法激发幼儿兴趣,化抽象为具体;创设具体情境降低知识难度,化深奥为浅显;寓创造于活动之中活跃课堂氛围,化平淡为生动。幼儿园教师在语言教学过程中,要善于巧妙运用打比方,如此方能产生好的教学效果。 相似文献
18.
牛亚敏 《开封教育学院学报》2013,33(2):103-104
蒙特梭利幼儿混龄教育法对于培育中国独生子女形成良好的社会性品行,具有重要的参考价值。在实施幼儿混龄教学活动中,首先应充分做好教具的预备和教师精神状态的预备;其次应引导大龄孩子甘当小龄孩子的好哥哥、好姐姐;最后还应适时引导小龄孩子进行角色转换。通过上述科学的教育途径,帮助独生子女尽快地克服种种性格缺陷,更好地培育出健康、和谐的社会性人格。 相似文献
19.
While computers have increasingly been used in classroom over the last twenty years, their application has often been mundane; being merely used to reinforce existing educational practices rather than as a catalyst for educational innovation. An effective way to bring about change may be to identify instances of best practice and then study associated strategies that may be useful for teachers trying to use computers in new and meaningful ways. This study investigates strategies used by a teacher deemed to be exemplary at using computers and associated technology in her classroom. It involved observing and recording teaching sessions conducted by the teacher. This paper discusses the learning task, the children's progression through the task and the teaching strategies used. In particular, it looks for instances of teacher scaffolding as a strategy for supporting children working with computers. 相似文献
20.
赵心宪 《重庆第二师范学院学报》2007,20(5):124-130
重庆市中学生母语能力水平测试,可以了解学习主体文学素养具体的评估依据;重庆市中学语文教师文学教学反思个案的写作,教师主体语文教育观念内涵的经验构成有了文本依据;重庆市语文教师儿童文学有关问卷调查与分析,教师文学教育观念的专业水平有了科学认识的基础,由此提出语文课改文学教学应深入研究的三大基础理论问题:12年通观视角语文终身教育本质的认识;文学教学人文性与工具性的认识层次;语文课改文学教育启蒙意义的目标定位。 相似文献