共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 359 毫秒
1.
This study was carried out to elucidate the nephroprotective effects from a mixture of 8 L-amino acids and the possible mechanism
of protection by this amino acid mixture. Acute renal failure model was induced by an intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg
cisplatin to male Sprague-Dawley rats. A mixture of 8 L-amino acids or 0.9% saline was infused at a rate of 2 ml/h for 3 h,
starting with a 2 ml bolus injection before cisplatin administration. Amino acids showed no acute effect on renal morphology.
The infusion of a mixture of 8 L-amino acids increased GFR by 85% in control rats. The abnormalities of urine sodium and potassium
excretion caused by cisplatin were markedly attenuated by the administration of the amino acid mixture. With the infusion
of this amino acid mixture, cisplatin-induced abnormal state 4 respiration returned to control levels and the depressed state
3 respiration, respiratory control ratio and carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone-uncoupled respiration were
ameliorated remarkably. A mixture of 8 L-amino acids showed marked nephroprotection against cisplatin-induced acute renal
failure in rats and might function through augmentation of the cisplatin-injured renal mitochondrial electron transport-oxidative
phosphorylation sequence, probably via stabilizing the membrane (including inner mitochondrial membrane) protein tertiary
structure. In addition, this amino acid mixture remarkably increased GFR and decreased urine sodium excretion in rats. 相似文献
2.
MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION AT THE EARLY STAGE OF CISPLATIN-INDUCED ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN RATS 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣｉｓ ｄｉａｍｍｉｎｅｄｉｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｌａｔｉｎｕｍ (Ⅱ ) (Ｃｉｓ ｐｌａｔｉｎ)ｉｓａｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄａｎｔｉｎｅｏｐｌａｓｔｉｃａｇｅｎｔｔｈａｔｈａｓｎｅｐｈｒｏｔｏｘｉｃｉｔｙａｓａｍａｊｏｒｄｏｓｅ ｌｉｍｉｔｉｎｇｓｉｄｅｅｆｆｅｃｔ.Ｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｃｏｍｍｏｎｆｏｒｍｏｆｃｉｓｐｌａｔｉｎ ｉｎ ｄｕｃｅｄｒｅｎａｌｔｏｘｉｃｉｔｙｉｓｎｏｎ ｏｌｉｇｕｒｉｃａｃｕｔｅｒｅｎａｌｆａｉｌｕｒｅ.Ｔｈｅｕｎｄｅｒｌｙｉｎｇｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｏｆｔｈｉｓｒｅｎａ… 相似文献
3.
The present study was undertaken to clarify the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure at the early stage.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given an intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg cisplatin. 0.9% saline was infused into them
at a rate of 2 ml/h for 3 h, starting with a 2-ml bolus injection before cisplatin administration. 3 h following cisplatin
administration, no evident morphological abnormalities were found by both light and electron microscopy; there were also no
significant changes in GFR. Thirty min after cisplatin injection, urine sodium and potassium excretion increased by 56% and
260% those of the control animals, respectively. Apparent renal mitochondrial respiration dysfunction was observed in cisplatintreated
rats 3 h later; the state 4 respiration increased by 100% and state 3 respiration, respiratory control ratio and carbonyl
cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone-uncoupled respiration decreased by 46%, 74% and 47% of the controls, respectively.
The present data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may be a very early event in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure
in rats. 相似文献
4.
目的 观察急性乙醇中毒对大鼠海马、小脑氨基酸类神经递质及行为学改变的影响,以探讨急性乙醇中毒对中枢神经系统损害的机制。方法雄性Wistar大鼠48只,随机分为对照组,饮酒后0．5h组,饮酒后1．0h组,饮酒后1．5h组,饮酒后2．0h组,饮酒后4．0h组;实验组60％（v／v）白酒1次灌胃（灌胃体积10ml／kg）,对照组用等量生理盐水灌胃。采用高效液相色谱法和Moms水迷宫法分别检测大鼠小脑和海马中谷氨酸（glutamic acid,Glu）和γ-氨基丁酸（gamma aminobutyric acid,GABA）含量的变化以及逃逸潜伏期（escape latency,EL）的变化。结果实验组大鼠小脑和海马中Glu和GABA含量明显下降（P〈0．01）,小脑中Glu和GABA比值在0．5h和2,0h组明显升高（P〈0．01）．实验组大鼠在饮酒后逃逸潜伏期（EL）值明显延长（P〈0．01）,2．0h组和4．0h组的EL值较其他实验组明显缩短（P〈0．01）。结论急性乙醇中毒引起行为学改变可能与小脑和海马氨基酸类神经递质改变有关。 相似文献
5.
给兔静脉注射苦参碱后,血药浓度——时间曲线呈双指数型,符合开放式二室模型,用“3P87”程序对数据进行药动学模型拟合,求得药动学参数为 T_(1/2α),1.37min;T_1/2β), T6.58min; CL,23.59ml /min/kg; Vd,2.61 L /kg 。大鼠口服苦参碱后,各组织中的药物含量依次为肾、肝、肺、脑、心及血;其48h 内尿、24h 内粪及12h 内胆汁中的原形药物累积排泄量分别占给药量的53.73%、0.36%及0.27%。兔静脉给药后,12h 内尿及胆汁中的原形药物累积排出量分别占给药量的9.39%及0.37%。 相似文献
6.
两种除草剂对加拿大一枝黄花的防除效果比较研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
鉴于对加拿大一枝黄花这一外来入侵物种危害性的了解,以及控制其扩展蔓延的困难。本文研究使它隆乳油2 g/L、Round-up 15mL/L、以及两者的混合液对开花期的加拿大一枝黄花的防除效果。结果表明:无论鲜重防效还是根系生理指标的测定,Round-up防除效果最好。药后20天,Round-up对地上部和根系鲜重防效分别达到49.18%和62.63%,而使它隆只有7.05%和30.18%。生理上,Round-up能明显抑制根系活力、过氧化物酶的活性、显著地降低可溶性糖的含量和提高丙二醛的含量。 相似文献
7.
胰酶水解脱脂蚕蛹分离部分氨基酸的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了从蚕蛹胰酶水解液中分离得到氨基酸单体，本研究从脱脂蚕蛹出发，首先选择合适的酶解条件，然后对酶解得到的混合氨基酸进行了含量测定，并将混合氨基酸经732树脂粗分为酸性、中性和碱性三种氨基酸混合液，其中酸性部分通过717树脂柱处理，后二者分别加入不同的沉淀剂，再经解析后共获得7种氨基酸单体，该方法简便易行，针对性强，收率较高，为水解制备氨基酸探索了一条新途径。 相似文献
8.
INTRODUCTION Left ventricular hypertrophy has been thought to be the principal predicators of predisposing risk factor of cardiac morbidity and mortality (Devereux, 1995; Levy et al., 1990). The pathogenesis that mediates cardiac hypertrophy is poorly understood. Cardiachypertrophy can be induced by hemodynamic over-load, ischemic disease, neurohumoral factors and intrinsic defects in cardiac structural protein genes (Sadoshima and Izumo, 1997; Vikstrom and Lein-wand, 1996). Another in… 相似文献
9.
采用热水浸提法提取枸杞提取液,将枸杞提取液与氨基酸、维生素等原料复配,制成复合营养素运动饮料。采用L9（34）正交试验的方法对枸杞的提取温度、提取时间及料液比的正交试验来确定枸杞提取液的最佳提取条件,对加入的枸杞提取液、蔗糖、柠檬酸和氯化钠用量的正交试验来确定复合营养素运动饮料的最佳配比。实验表明,最佳的枸杞提取液提取工艺为料液比1：10,温度80℃,时间75min,最佳的复合营养素运动饮料配方为枸杞提取液250mL/L、糖量80g/L、柠檬酸量1g/L、氯化钠0.5g/L,天冬氨酸0.593g/L、甘氨酸0.841g/L、缬氨酸0.255g/L、赖氨酸0.400g/L、异亮氨酸0.225g/L。维生素B60.010g/L、维生素B120.0002g/L、维生素C1.5g/L。 相似文献
10.
Chen Y Si JM Liu WL Cai JT Du Q Wang LJ Gao M 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(9):632-637
Several models of experimental ulcerative colitis have been reported previously. However, none of these models showed the optimum characteristics. Although dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis results in inflammation resembling ulcera-tive colitis, an obvious obstacle is that dextran sulfate sodium is very expensive. The aim of this study was to develop an inex-pensive model of colitis in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 2% dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water for 3 d fol-lowed by an intracolonic administration of 30% ethanol. The administration of 2% dextran sulfate sodium followed by 30% ethanol induced significant weight loss, diarrhea and hematochezia in rats. Severe ulceration and inflammation of the distal part of rat colon were developed rapidly. Histological examination showed increased infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes and existence of cryptic abscesses and dysplasia. The model induced by dextran sulfate sodium at lower concentra-tion followed by 30% ethanol is characterized by a clinical course, localization of the lesions and histopathological features similar to human ulcerative colitis and fulfills the criteria set out at the beginning of this study. 相似文献
11.
Nutritional evaluation of caseins and whey proteins and their hydrolysates from Protamex 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
夏文水 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(2):90-98
Whey protein concentrate （WPC 80） and sodium caseinate were hydrolyzed by Protamex to 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% degree of hydrolysis （DH）. WPC 80, sodium caseinate and their hydrolysates were then analyzed, compared and evaluated for their nutritional qualities. Their chemical composition, protein solubility, amino acid composition, essential amino acid index （EAA index）, biological value （BV）, nutritional index （NI）, chemical score, enzymic protein efficiency ratio （E-PER） and in vitro protein digestibility （IVPD） were determined. The results indicated that the enzymatic hydrolysis of WPC 80 and sodium caseinate by Protamex improved the solubility and IVPD of their hydrolysates. WPC 80, sodium caseinate and their hydrolysates were high-quality proteins and had a surplus of essential amino acids compared with the FAO/WHO/UNU （1985） reference standard. The nutritive value of WPC 80 and its hydrolysates was superior to that of sodium caseinate and its hydrolysates as indicated by some nutritional parameters such as the amino acid composition, chemical score, EAA index and predicted BV. However, the E-PER was lower for the WPC hydrolysates as compared to unhydrolyzed WPC 80 but sodium caseinate and its hydrolysates did not differ significantly. The nutritional qualities of WPC 80, sodium caseinate and their hydrolysates were good and make them appropriate for food formulations or as nutritional supplements. 相似文献
12.
水产品中孔雀石绿残留提取技术研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过L9（3^4）正交实验确定了水产品中孔雀石绿残留的最佳提取剂配方及提取技术：在5g鱼肉样品中分别加入酸性氧化铝2．0g、PbO2和硅藻土混合物（1：2）0．6g、pH3．5乙酸盐缓冲溶液7．5ml、lmol／L的对甲苯磺酸溶液2．5ml、乙腈10ml,经充分研磨、匀浆之后,3000rpm离心取上清液． 相似文献
13.
目的：观察天麻素对癫痫大鼠海马Caspase-3表达的影响及其脑保护作用。方法：120只健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、PTZ（戊四氮）组、VPA（丙戊酸钠）组、Gb（天麻素大剂量）组和Gs（天麻素小剂量）组（n=24）。对照组和PTZ组分别以生理盐水（4mL/kg·d）灌胃;VPA组给予丙戊酸20mg．kg^-1,Gb组和Gs组分别给予天麻素200mg．kg^-1和100mg．kg^-1;每天1次,连续7天。造模第一天,除对照组大鼠外,余者均腹腔注射戊四氮75mg／kg,记录动物行为学变化。于致痫后12h、2d、5d和7d相应时间点取材,制备脑标本,免疫细胞化学术检测caspase-3表达。结果：致痫后12h,P11Z组Caspase-3有微量表达,其余各组几乎无表达;2—7d。PTZ组Caspase-3表达增加。与PTZ组比较,Gb组、Gs组及VPA组Caspase-3阳性表达降低,差异显著（P〈0．05）;与VPA组比较,Gb组和Gs组Caspase-3表达无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论：天麻素能降低致痫大鼠海马神经元Caspase-3表达;可能通过抑制神经元凋亡发挥脑保护作用。 相似文献
14.
目的:探索腹腔注射丁酸盐对防止乙酸性结肠炎的疗效。创新点:首次对大鼠进行腹腔注射丁酸盐,通过与直肠灌注和口服比较,探索三种不同给药方式对预防乙酸性结肠炎的疗效差异。方法:以40只Wistar大鼠为实验对象,分组进行连续7天的腹腔注射、直肠灌注和口服100 mg/kg丁酸钠(SB),第8天进行乙酸(AA)直肠灌注,48小时后处死。记录实验大鼠的临床症状,包括体重减少、腹泻、便血等。对结肠切片进行组织病理学观察,最后对试验数据进行统计分析。结论:腹腔注射、直肠灌注和口服丁酸盐均能明显缓解大鼠乙酸性结肠炎的炎症,其中以腹腔注射疗效最佳。 相似文献
15.
Suo-fu Ye Yong Yang Lin Wu Wei-wei Ma Hui-Hui Zeng 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2017,18(5):373-382
It has been reported that Ethaselen shows inhibitory effects on thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity and human tumor cell growth. In order to find an efficient way to reverse cisplatin resistance, we investigated the reversal effects of Ethaselen on cisplatin resistance in K562/cisplatin (CDDP) cells that were established by pulse-inducing human erythrocyte leukemic cell line K562, which are fivefold more resistant to cisplatin compared to K562 cells. The morphology and growth showed that the adhesion of K562/CDDP further decreased while the cell volume increased. The proliferation of K562/CDDP is strengthened. The antitumor activities in vitro were assessed by MTT (3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and combination index (CI), showing the significant synergic effects of cisplatin and Ethaselen. Focusing on apoptosis, a series of comparisons was made between K562 and K562/CDDP. Cisplatin induced higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in K562 and subsequently induced the formation of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (PTPs). In addition, cisplatin increased the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in K562, which can influence the mitochondrial membrane permeability. PTP formation and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization eventually resulted in the release of cytochrome c and activation of the Caspase pathway. However, these effects were not clearly seen in K562/CDDP, which may be the reason for the acquired CDDP resistance. However, Ethaselen can induce a high level of ROS in K562/CDDP by TrxR activity inhibition and increased ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in K562/CDDP by nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) suppression, which subsequently induces the release of cytochrome c in K562/CDDP. This response is partly responsible for the reversal of the cisplatin resistance in K562/CDDP cells. 相似文献
16.
目的：观察戊四氮（PTZ）致痫大鼠海马神经元caspase-3表达以及中药复方AAP的脑保护作用.方法：144只健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组（CK组）、模型组（PTZ组）、中药大剂量组（AAPl组）、中药中剂量组（AAPm组）、中药小剂量组（AAPs组）和丙戊酸钠组（VPA组）;每组各6只.CK组和PTZ组分别给予生理盐水（4mL/kg.d）灌胃;中药各组分别给予中药复方大、中、小剂量（10.26g/kg、5.13g/kg、2.56g/kg）灌胃,每天1次;VPA组腹腔注射VPA（20mg/kg.d）.造模第一天,除CK组外,其余各组大鼠均腹腔注射戊四氮（PTZ）75mg/kg,观察记录大鼠行为学变化;于致痫后12h、2d、5d、7d相应时间点取材,制备脑标本;免疫组化检测caspase-3表达.结果：致痫后,除CK组外,其余各组海马区caspase-3阳性表达增强;7天,与PTZ组相比,AAPl组、AAPm组和AAPs组海马CA3区caspase-3阳性表达减弱（P〈0.05）.结论：caspase-3参与致痫大鼠海马神经元凋亡过程;AAP能降低caspase-3表达,减少神经元凋亡,有神经保护作用. 相似文献
17.
目的观察用不同浓度的乙醇一次性灌胃-1h后大鼠下丘脑、纹状体以及海马内内源性阿片肽即：β-内啡肽（β-endorphine,β-EP）,甲硫脑啡肽（met—enkephalin,MENK）、亮脑啡肽（leu—enkephalin,LENK）和强啡肽A（dynorphin A,Dyn A）含量的变化,并记录大鼠血中乙醇浓度及其痛阂的改变,以探讨乙醇的中枢作用机制与内源性阿片肽的关系。方法成年Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、低浓度组和高浓度组,低浓度组和高浓度组分别用25.6％（v／v）和51．3％（v／v）的乙醇溶液按10ml／kg一次性灌胃,对照组给予等量生理盐水。结果急性摄入乙醇后,低浓度组和高浓度组大鼠痛阂值均升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。与对照组相比,低浓度组大鼠β-EP和MENK的含量在下丘脑内明显增高（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）．高浓度组大鼠β-EP,MENK,LENK在下丘脑、纹状体和海马内含量均显著增高（P〈0．01）,DynA含量无明显变化（P〉0．05）。结论急性摄入乙醇可引起脑内源性阿片肽含量的增加,这可能是导致乙醇急性灌胃后大鼠痛阈值升高的原因之一。 相似文献
18.
Eleyinmi AF 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(5):352-358
Chemical composition of Gongronema latifolium leaves was determined using standard methods. Aqueous and methanol G. latifolium extracts were tested against thirteen pathogenic bacterial isolates. Crude protein, lipid extract, ash, crude fibre and nitrogen flee extractives obtained are： 27.2%, 6.07%, 11.6%, 10.8% and 44.3% dry matter respectively. Potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus and cobalt contents are 332, 110, 115, 125 and 116 mg/kg respectively. Dominant essential amino acids are leucine, valine and phenylalanine. Aspartic acid, glutamic acid and glycine are 13.8%, 11,9% and 10.3% respectively of total amino acid. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are 50.2% and 39.4% of the oil respectively. Palmitic acid makes up 36% of the total fatty acid. Extracts show no activity against E. faecalis, Y. enterolytica, E. aerogenes, B. cereus and E. agglomerans. Methanol extracts were active against S, enteritidis, S. cholerasius ser typhimurium and P. aeruginosa （minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） 1 mg; zone of growth inhibition 7, 6.5 and 7 mm respectively）. Aqueous extracts show activity against E. coli （MIC 5 mg） and P. aeruginosa （MIC 1 mg） while methanol extracts are active against P. aeruginosa and L. monocytogenes. G. lafifolium has potential food and antibacterial uses. 相似文献
19.
Qiong-yan Lin Yi-feng Wang Hui-nan Weng Xiu-jie Sheng Qing-ping Jiang Zhi-ying Yang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2012,13(11):894-903
Background and objective: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays an important role in the regulation of ovarian function and ovarian cancer cell growth. In this study, we determined whether administration of the GnRH agonist (GnRHa), triporelin, prior to cisplatin treatment affects cisplatin and/or prevents cisplatin-induced ovarian damage. Methods: nu/nu mice were injected with ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cells intraperitoneally. After two weeks, the mice were treated with saline (control), cisplatin, GnRHa, or cisplatin plus GnRHa for four weeks. At the end of the experimental protocol, blood, tumor, ovary, and uterine tissues were resected for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical analyses of Ki67, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and caspase-3, transmission electron microscopy of apoptosis, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). Results: Cisplatin treatment effectively inhibited tumor growth in mice treated with human ovarian cancer cells; however the treatment also induced considerable toxicity. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that Ki67 expression was reduced in cisplatin-treated mice compared to control (P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant differences between cisplatin-treated mice and cisplatin plus GnRHa-treated mice (P>0.05), while expressions of NF-κB and caspase-3 were reduced and induced, respectively, in cisplatin-treated mice and cisplatin plus GnRHa-treated mice. Apoptosis occurred in the GnRHa, cisplatin, and cisplatin plus GnRHa-treated mice, but not in control mice. Ovaries exposed to GnRHa in both GnRHa mice and cisplatin-treated mice (combination group) had significantly more primordial and growth follicles and serum levels of AMH than those in the control mice and cisplatin-treated mice (P<0.05). Conclusions: Administration of GnRHa to mice significantly decreased the extent of ovarian damage induced by cisplatin, but did not affect the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin. 相似文献
20.
目的观察乙醇对大鼠大脑皮层和纹状体细胞内Ca^2＋的影响。方法 雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为对照组,乙醇灌胃后0．5h组,1．5h组,3h组和、5h组（各6只）。实验组用60％（V／V）白酒一次性灌胃（灌胃体积为10ml／kg）,对照组用等体积生理盐水灌胃。在各时间点急性分离大脑皮层和纹状体细胞,用Ca^2＋敏感荧光指示剂Fluo-3／AM负载,共聚焦显微镜测定细胞内游离Ca^2＋结果。染毒后大鼠大脑皮层和纹状体细胞内游离Ca^2＋荧光强度均降低（与对照组比较）,其中,1．5h组降低有显著差异（P〈0．01,P〈0.05）。结论乙醇产生神经行为毒性可能与大脑皮层和纹状体细胞内Ca^2＋尝试降低有关。 相似文献