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肌肉酸痛大多发生于肌肉离心收缩运动后24至48小时,特称为迟发性肌肉酸痛(DMS),二至三天内最厉害,以后减轻,约一周后才完全消失。DMS 将影响运动员进行大运动量训练,并可能使体力下降,使人们不愿坚持运动、或作恢复性训练。DMS的生理病理机制还不太明确,其起因有几种假说,最流行的是:a.肌纤维损伤;b.结缔组织损伤两种,这些是超负荷训练导致局 相似文献
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肌肉酸痛是体育运动中经常发生的,长期得不到重视会引发各种综合症。运动后造成的肌肉酸痛原因包括:运动过程中的乳酸堆积;剧烈运动时的肌肉缺氧;肌肉强烈收缩产生的损伤;运动后的肌肉痉挛导致血液循环较差。师范专科学校女生比例很大,体育教学、训练后的肌肉酸痛尤其普遍,曾经有针对性地做过对比试验,试验表明,伸展练习对于缓解局部肌肉的酸痛有一定的积极作用。 相似文献
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目的 观察联合抗氧化剂对运动员一次性大强度离心运动后不同时相下肢肌肉疼痛等级和血IL-6、CK、CK-MM、LDH的影响,探讨联合抗氧化剂减缓运动员运动延迟性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)的作用和机制.方法 运动员16名,随机均衡分为对照组(A组)和联合抗氧化剂组(B组),运动前2周至运动后2天每天分别口服安慰剂或VE、VC与Se组成的联合抗氧化剂.服药两周后进行一次大强度离心跑台运动,建立DOMS模型,在服药前、运动前和运动后即刻、24 h、48 h分别测定运动员肘正中静脉血IL-6、CK、CK-MM、LDH水平及运动后相应时相下肢肌肉酸痛程度.结果 (1)运动员运动后下肢肌肉酸痛程度逐日加重,B组运动后各时相酸痛程度均显著轻于A组.(2)B组血浆IL-6运动后各时项均低于A组同时项,其中运动后24 h呈非常显著性差异.(3)B组血清CK、CK-MM运动后各时相均低于A组,其中运动后48 h二指标活性显著低于A组.(4)B组血清LDH运动后各时相均低于A组.结论 联合抗氧化剂能有效减轻大强度离心运动导致的运动应激和炎症反应,保护肌细胞膜的完整性,减轻DOMS. 相似文献
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所谓迟发性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)就是进行不习惯运动以后1—5天在肌肉所发生的疼痛和僵硬的感觉。DOMS能从两方面对肌肉运动能力产生有害影响,一方面由于随意用力的减弱,另一方面由于肌肉内部产生力量的能力下降,这种运动能力的下降是暂时的,不出现永久性损害。很多临床表现与DOMS有牵连,其中有血清酶的升高、肌红蛋白血症、肌肉组织学和超微结构的异常,而用力后骨骼肌溶解可能是DOMS的最严重形式。目前对DOMS最好的治疗方法是肌肉活动,虽然运动后这种感觉还会再现,对能引起DOMS的特殊收缩活动进行训练能减少酸痛的反映。DOMS的病因和细胞机制是不清楚的,但有很多假说解释这种现象,有如下的假说1)在肌肉收缩/弹性系统中,由于高张力(尤其伴随离心性运动)造成结构的损害。2)细胞膜的损害导致受害肌纤维Ca~(++)稳定状态的破坏,进而造成坏死,大约在运动后2天坏死达到高峰。3)巨噬细胞活动的产物和细胞内含物在间质中的堆积,刺激了肌肉中Ⅳ类感觉神经的游离神经末稍引起DOMS的感觉。 相似文献
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本文对产生肌肉酸痛的原因和防治进行综述。运动性肌肉酸痛、指的是由活动引起的肌肉酸痛，在进行不习惯的体力活动或大运动量训练时最容易发生。根据肌肉酸痛出现的时间，可分即刻痛和延迟痛两类。产生即刻痛的原因是局部缺血；而延迟痛的产生机制目前尚有争议，主要的假说有（１）收缩＼弹性成分张力升高学说；（２）组织损伤学说；（３）肌肉痉变学说－缺血学说．这几种科学学说各有实验证据，而在这些论据中，认为离心运动会引起肌肉是大酸痛。运动后肌肉酸痛是由于肌肉损伤的缘故被更多的学者所证实．此外，还有过多乳酸堆积的假说，但运动后乳酸堆积不超过１５～２４分钟（Ｈｅｒｍａｍｓｅｎ·Ｌ１９６９），延迟性肌肉酸痛却发生在运动后８～４８小时。因此不可能是乳酸堆积引起。对于延迟性肌肉酸病的预防和治疗，应以预防为主，积极治疗。 相似文献
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大蒜素与联合抗氧化剂干预对运动员DOMS和血浆IL-6水平变化的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目的:探讨大蒜素与联合抗氧化剂干预对运动员大强度离心运动后不同时相肌肉酸痛程度、血浆白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平变化的影响.方法:运动员 24 名,随机均衡分为对照组(A组)、联合抗氧化剂组(B组)和大蒜素组(C组),运动前2周至运动后2天每天分别口服安慰剂、联合抗氧化剂或大蒜素肠溶胶丸.服药两周后进行一次大强度离心跑台运动,建立运动员运动延迟性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)模型,在服药前、运动前和运动后即刻、24 h、48 h分别测定运动员肘正中静脉血IL-6浓度及运动后相应时相肌肉酸痛程度.结果:3组运动员运动后肌肉酸痛程度均呈延迟性,B、C组运动员运动后各时相肌肉酸痛程度与血浆IL-6浓度均低于A组同时相.C组运动员肌肉酸痛程度运动后各时相均高于B组同时相,而血浆IL-6的浓度运动后各时相均低于B组同时相,但均无显著性差异.结论:联合抗氧化剂与大蒜素均可减轻运动员离心运动导致的DOMS,抑制IL-6的产生;大蒜素可能通过降低运动应激,减小肌纤维损伤与炎症反应等作用,抑制运动后血浆IL-6浓度的升高;联合抗氧化剂可通过几种抗氧化成分的协同作用,减轻大强度离心运动导致的DOMS. 相似文献
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大蒜素与联合抗氧化剂干预对运动员DOMS和CK-MM、CK等的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:探讨大蒜素与联合抗氧化剂干预对运动员大强度离心运动后不同时相肌肉酸痛程度、血CK-MM、CK、LDH活性的影响。方法:运动员24名,随机均衡分为实验对照组(A组)、联合抗氧化剂干预组(B组)和大蒜素干预组(C组),运动前2周至运动后2天每天分别口服安慰剂、联合抗氧化剂和大蒜素肠溶胶丸。服药两周后进行一次大强度离心跑台运动,建立运动员运动延迟性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)模型,在服药前、运动前和运动后即刻、运动后24h、运动后48h分别抽取各组运动员肘正中静脉血,测定CK-MM、CK、LDH活性及运动后相应时相肌肉酸痛程度。结果:三组运动员运动后肌肉酸痛程度均呈递增趋势,B、C组运动员运动后各时相肌肉酸痛程度与血CK-MM、CK、LDH活性均低于A组同时相。结论:大强度离心跑台运动可诱发运动员DOMS。大蒜素和联合抗氧化剂可减少运动员大强度离心运动后骨骼肌细胞内CK-MM、CK、LDH的大量逸出,对保护细胞膜完整性、降低运动应激程度、防治运动性骨骼肌微损伤有积极作用,可有效减轻运动员大强度运动后DOMS程度。 相似文献
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伸展运动●王兴林在短跑整理活动中的运用短跑是在人体大量缺氧状况下持续高速度跑的极限强度运动。训练中神经系统高度兴奋,肌肉表现出最大的收缩力量;最快的收缩速度和快速力量耐力。它对神经,肌肉刺激极大,产生乳酸较多,运动后产生局部肌肉酸痛和僵硬,并持续时间... 相似文献
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Delayed-onset muscle soreness refers to the skeletal muscle pain that is experienced following eccentric exercise. The aim of the present study was to examine the physiological effects of physical activity with or without ibuprofen on delayed onset muscle soreness. Forty-four non-athletic male volunteers (age 24.3 +/- 2.4 years) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: physical activity (n = 11), ibuprofen (n = 11), physical activity and ibuprofen (combination, n = 11), or control (n = 11). The physical activity programme comprised 5 min of walking and jogging, 10 min of static stretching of the hands and shoulder girdle, and 5 min of concentric movements with sub-maximal contractions. The total amount of ibuprofen consumed by a single individual was 2800 mg; this was taken from 1 h before the eccentric actions up to 48 h after it. Delayed onset muscle soreness was induced by performing 70 eccentric contractions of the biceps muscle of the non-dominant side on a modified arm curl machine. Perceived muscle soreness, maximal eccentric contraction, creatine kinase enzyme activity and elbow range of motion were assessed 1 h before and 1, 24 and 48 h after the eccentric actions. The results indicated that, after the eccentric actions, soreness increased (P < 0.001) across time in all groups, with the highest values being recorded at 24 h. At 24 and 48 h, greater soreness (P < 0.001) was observed in the control group than in the physical activity and combination groups. After the eccentric actions, creatine kinase increased and was elevated (P < 0.001) compared with baseline in all groups, with values returning to baseline in the physical activity and combination groups by 48 h. However, creatine kinase in the control and ibuprofen groups was still significantly higher than at baseline after 48 h. Creatine kinase was higher (P < 0.001) in the control group than in physical activity and combination groups at 24 and 48 h. There was also a reduction (P < 0.001) in elbow range of motion across time. This reduction in elbow range of motion was greater (P < 0.001) in the control and ibuprofen groups than in the physical activity and combination groups at 1, 24 and 48 h. The reduction in maximum eccentric contraction was greater (P < 0.001) in the control and ibuprofen groups than in the physical activity group at 24 and 48 h and the combination group at 48 h. In conclusion, the results add to our understanding of the effects of physical activity and the combination of physical activity and ibuprofen in reducing the severity of muscle soreness induced by eccentric exercise. Physical activity conducted before eccentric exercise alleviates muscle soreness. Our results indicate that physical activity with or without ibuprofen helps to prevent delayed-onset muscle soreness. 相似文献
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The effect of a prophylactic dose of flurbiprofen on muscle soreness and sprinting performance in trained subjects. 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a prophylactic dose of a local, transcutaneously administered, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug on muscle soreness, muscle damage and sprinting performance in young trained males. Twenty-five subjects aged 19+/-3 years, actively participating in rugby union and field hockey, were familiarized with the test procedure and then divided at random into an experimental group (n = 13) and a control group (n = 12). The experimental group received two patches, each containing 40 mg flurbiprofen (TransAct LAT), 12 h before an exercise bout designed to produce delayed-onset soreness (DOMS). The control group received identical non-medicated placebo patches at the same time. Delayed-onset muscle soreness was induced by an exercise protocol consisting of drop jumps (seven sets of 10 repetitions). Serum creatine kinase activity, muscle soreness, muscle girth and acceleration in a maximal sprint over 30 m were measured before the induction of DOMS and at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h thereafter. Plasma lactate concentration was measured 3 min after the 30-m sprint tests. Subjects in both groups had significantly more pain at 24 and 48 h compared with at 12 and 72 h (P < 0.05; Friedman two-way analysis of variance). Thigh girth and serum creatine kinase did not change throughout the experiment. Although plasma lactate concentrations were elevated after the 30-m sprint, there were no differences between groups or as a result of DOMS. The greatest acceleration occurred between 5 and 10 m. This was not affected by the anti-inflammatory drug or DOMS. In conclusion, the aetiology of the DOMS induced in the trained subjects in this study seems to be independent of inflammatory processes or, more specifically, of increases in prostaglandin synthesis in the muscles. 相似文献
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BackgroundCitrulline is one of the non-essential amino acids that is thought to improve exercise performance and reduce post-exercise muscle soreness. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of citrulline supplements on the post-exercise rating of perceived exertion (RPE), muscle soreness, and blood lactate levels.MethodsA random effects model was used to calculate the effect sizes due to the high variability in the study design and study populations of the articles included. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed. Eligibility for study inclusion was limited to studies that were randomized controlled trials involving healthy individuals and that investigated the acute effect of citrulline supplements on RPE, muscle soreness, and blood lactate levels. The supplementation time frame was limited to 2 h before exercise. The types and number of participants, types of exercise tests performed, supplementation protocols for L-citrulline or citrulline malate, and primary (RPE and muscle soreness) and secondary (blood lactate level) study outcomes were extracted from the identified studies.ResultsThe analysis included 13 eligible articles including a total of 206 participants. The most frequent dosage used in the studies was 8 g of citrulline malate. Citrulline supplementation significantly reduced RPE (n = 7, p = 0.03) and muscle soreness 24-h and 48-h after post-exercise (n = 7, p = 0.04; n = 6, p = 0.25, respectively). However, citrulline supplementation did not significantly reduce muscle soreness 72-h post-exercise (n = 4, p = 0.62) or lower blood lactate levels (n = 8, p = 0.17).ConclusionCitrulline supplements significantly reduced post-exercise RPE and muscle soreness without affecting blood lactate levels. 相似文献
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运动性延迟性肌肉酸痛是特指人体在大强度或不习惯性运动后一段时间内出现的肌肉酸痛,表现为酸痛的延迟性及发展过程的相对独立性,其机制主要有机械损伤、炎症反应等假说。 相似文献
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Influence of cold-water immersion on indices of muscle damage following prolonged intermittent shuttle running 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Bailey DM Erith SJ Griffin PJ Dowson A Brewer DS Gant N Williams C 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(11):1163-1170
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of cold-water immersion (cryotherapy) on indices of muscle damage following a bout of prolonged intermittent exercise. Twenty males (mean age 22.3 years, s = 3.3; height 1.80 m, s = 0.05; body mass 83.7 kg, s = 11.9) completed a 90-min intermittent shuttle run previously shown to result in marked muscle damage and soreness. After exercise, participants were randomly assigned to either 10 min cold-water immersion (mean 10 degrees C, s = 0.5) or a non-immersion control group. Ratings of perceived soreness, changes in muscular function and efflux of intracellular proteins were monitored before exercise, during treatment, and at regular intervals up to 7 days post-exercise. Exercise resulted in severe muscle soreness, temporary muscular dysfunction, and elevated serum markers of muscle damage, all peaking within 48 h after exercise. Cryotherapy administered immediately after exercise reduced muscle soreness at 1, 24, and 48 h (P < 0.05). Decrements in isometric maximal voluntary contraction of the knee flexors were reduced after cryotherapy treatment at 24 (mean 12%, s(x) = 4) and 48 h (mean 3%, s(x) = 3) compared with the control group (mean 21%, s(x) = 5 and mean 14%, s(x) = 5 respectively; P < 0.05). Exercise-induced increases in serum myoglobin concentration and creatine kinase activity peaked at 1 and 24 h, respectively (P < 0.05). Cryotherapy had no effect on the creatine kinase response, but reduced myoglobin 1 h after exercise (P < 0.05). The results suggest that cold-water immersion immediately after prolonged intermittent shuttle running reduces some indices of exercise-induced muscle damage. 相似文献
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Delayed-onset muscle soreness refers to the skeletal muscle pain that is experienced following eccentric exercise. The aim of the present study was to examine the physiological effects of physical activity with or without ibuprofen on delayed onset muscle soreness. Forty-four non-athletic male volunteers (age 24.3?±?2.4 years) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: physical activity (n = 11), ibuprofen (n = 11), physical activity and ibuprofen (combination, n = 11), or control (n = 11). The physical activity programme comprised 5?min of walking and jogging, 10?min of static stretching of the hands and shoulder girdle, and 5?min of concentric movements with sub-maximal contractions. The total amount of ibuprofen consumed by a single individual was 2800?mg; this was taken from 1?h before the eccentric actions up to 48?h after it. Delayed onset muscle soreness was induced by performing 70 eccentric contractions of the biceps muscle of the non-dominant side on a modified arm curl machine. Perceived muscle soreness, maximal eccentric contraction, creatine kinase enzyme activity and elbow range of motion were assessed 1?h before and 1, 24 and 48?h after the eccentric actions. The results indicated that, after the eccentric actions, soreness increased (P?<?0.001) across time in all groups, with the highest values being recorded at 24?h. At 24 and 48?h, greater soreness (P <?0.001) was observed in the control group than in the physical activity and combination groups. After the eccentric actions, creatine kinase increased and was elevated (P?<?0.001) compared with baseline in all groups, with values returning to baseline in the physical activity and combination groups by 48?h. However, creatine kinase in the control and ibuprofen groups was still significantly higher than at baseline after 48?h. Creatine kinase was higher (P?<?0.001) in the control group than in physical activity and combination groups at 24 and 48?h. There was also a reduction (P?<?0.001) in elbow range of motion across time. This reduction in elbow range of motion was greater (P?<?0.001) in the control and ibuprofen groups than in the physical activity and combination groups at 1, 24 and 48?h. The reduction in maximum eccentric contraction was greater (P?<?0.001) in the control and ibuprofen groups than in the physical activity group at 24 and 48?h and the combination group at 48?h. In conclusion, the results add to our understanding of the effects of physical activity and the combination of physical activity and ibuprofen in reducing the severity of muscle soreness induced by eccentric exercise. Physical activity conducted before eccentric exercise alleviates muscle soreness. Our results indicate that physical activity with or without ibuprofen helps to prevent delayed-onset muscle soreness. 相似文献
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延迟性肌肉疼痛防治的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
延迟性肌肉疼痛是运动员从事不习惯的运动后所经历的一种肌肉疼痛或不适的感觉，能够导致运动能力的下降，其产生机制目前尚不清楚。有多种手段和方法来防治延迟性肌肉疼痛，但结果不一．运动以及中医药在减轻症状方面效果明显。 相似文献
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细胞骨架与运动损伤 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
细胞骨架是真核细胞中的蛋白纤维网架体系,包括细胞膜骨架、细胞质骨架、细胞核骨架和细胞外基质,细胞质骨架又分为微管、微丝、中间纤维,它们在结构上相互连接,形成贯穿于细胞的网架体系。细胞骨架蛋白是骨骼肌细胞具有重要功能的结构,与细胞的各种生命活动密切相关,是研究运动性骨骼肌细胞损伤的敏感指标。超过习惯负荷的运动训练或体力劳动能引起骨骼肌延迟性酸痛,伴有肌肉僵硬、收缩和伸展功能下降,这些变化影响了肌肉的工作能力。通过分析细胞骨架与运动性骨骼肌损伤的关系,对细胞骨架蛋白的作用及其在运动损伤后的变化进行综述,为运动训练和大众健身领域提供理论依据。 相似文献
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延迟性肌肉酸痛（delayed-onset muscle soreness，DOMS）是指机体进行大运动量后，特别是强度突然增加或进行新的不习惯的运动之后，一段时间所出现的肌肉酸痛现象。其产生机制有：机械性损伤学说、肌肉痉挛学说、炎症反应学说、缺血再灌注损伤假说。 相似文献