共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
目的:探讨肥胖儿童少年内脂素RS4730153位点基因多态性及其与运动干预引起糖代谢和脂代谢变化的关系.方法:对88名年龄为144.11±3.63岁,BMI为29.26±4.44的汉族肥胖儿童少年(男40名,女48名)进行封闭式的4周中等强度有氧运动减肥,LDR-PCR测序分型技术确定受试者内脂素RS4730153位点基因型,并在运动干预前后进行糖代谢和脂代谢指标的测定.结果:受试者A/G基因型出现频率为15.9%,有氧运动前后各指标呈显著性变化,不同基因型受试者运动前TG水平呈显著性差异(分别为GG:1.40±0.74mmol/L;AG:1.86±1.11mmol/L;P=0.050),运动引起的不同基因型受试者HOMA-β变化差异显著(P=0.050).结论:所测中国汉族肥胖儿童少年中存在内脂素单核苷酸多态性位点RS4730153变异,RS4730153纯合子GG型可能可以通过降低TG水平、提高胰岛素对运动干预的敏感性等方面参与肥胖儿童少年的糖代谢和脂代谢调节. 相似文献
2.
目的：通过对肥胖儿童少年血脂及红细胞膜脂及磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）外翻的研究,探讨肥胖对儿童少年脂代谢的影响,为早期监测儿童少年脂代谢紊乱提供理论依据。方法：64名肥胖儿童少年按体脂百分比分为轻度、中度和重度3组,测定其血脂六项、红细胞膜胆固醇、PS外翻量及膜Na＋K＋-ATPase和Ca2＋Mg2＋-ATPase活性。结果：①肥胖儿童少年的TC水平已超过参考标准的理想水平;②肥胖儿童少年血TG与BMI及WC、WHR明显正相关,其中和前两项指标显著性P≤0.01;③轻度肥胖组PS外翻量与其他两组肥胖者之间存在显著性差异（P≤0.05）,HDL仅在轻度肥胖者和重度肥胖者之间存在显著性差异。结论：肥胖儿童少年血脂出现紊乱的潜在可能,PS外翻异常可能比血脂指标更早表现出来,因此对儿童少年肥胖发展的预测和预防可能会有更大的价值。 相似文献
3.
目的:研究12周有氧训练对肥胖妇女血清瘦素、脂联素水平的影响,及它们与体成分和脂代谢的关系.方法:对15名肥胖妇女(年龄为38.3±5.6岁,BMI为28.36±1.73)进行12周有氧训练干预,并于实验前测试体成分、血脂、瘦素和脂联素等指标.结果:12周有氧训练后,受试者的体重、BMI、体脂百分比、甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸和血清瘦素水平有了显著性的下降;血清脂联素水平有了显著性的上升.血清瘦素的变化量与体脂百分比的变化量相关.血清脂联素的变化量与体重的变化量相关.结论:12周有氧训练有效地改善了肥胖妇女的体成分和血脂水平;促进了血清瘦素和脂联素的良性变化;血清瘦素和脂联素的变化与体重的变化密切相关. 相似文献
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目的 研究急性力量训练对肥胖者血清Ghrelin、GH、Cortisol和Insulin水平的影响,探讨肥胖度对力量训练诱导Ghrelin与Cortisol反应的影响;方法:20名健康男大学生,按不同BMI分为3组,对照组(CG,n=7,BMI＜ 25.0),Ⅰ度肥胖组(ⅠFG,n=7,BMI为25.0～29.9),Ⅱ度肥胖组(ⅡFG,n=6,BMI＞ 30),进行约为80％1RM的急性力量训练后,采用ELISA法检测训练前、训练中、训练后即刻,30 min,60 min和120 min静脉血Ghrelin、GH、Cortisol和Insulin水平;结果:急性力量训练对各组GH、Cortisol和Insulin水平产生了显著影响;ⅡFG受试者Ghrelin水平显著高于CG(P＜0.05);CG(r=-0.507,P=0.034)与ⅠFG(r=-0.213,P=0.041)血清Ghrelin与GH的AUC呈负相关;ⅡFG受试者Ghrelin与Cortisol的AUC呈显著负相关(r=-0.63,P=0.038);结论:肥胖度的增加可能进一步改变糖代谢调节,进而影响肥胖者Ghrelin与Cortisol对急性力量训练的反应. 相似文献
5.
主要研究太极拳长期练习对肥胖大学生脂代谢及关联激素的影响,为武术健身和减肥提供理论依据.研究方法:按世界卫生组织推荐的肥胖标准(体重/身高指数BMI≥30为肥胖),将肥胖大学生40人随机分为2组,一组又分为男、女各10人的2个实验小组( MEG、WEG)进行为期20周、每天30min的太极拳练习,强度适中;另一组也分为男、女各10人的2个控制小组( MCG、WCG)作为对照组.实验前后按相同方法和工具测量2组对象的身体成分、血脂、胰岛素和瘦素.结果:通过20周的太极拳练习后的实验组肥胖大学生体重、体脂百分比显著下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);胆固醇总量(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)浓度显著下降(P＜0.01),而高密度脂蛋白(HDL)浓度显著升高(P＜0.05);血胰岛素和瘦素浓度亦显著降低(P＜0.05).结论:长期练习太极拳可以改善体脂及血脂的组成成分,促进脂肪的分解代谢,调节内分泌,有利于健康、健身和减肥. 相似文献
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目的:研究健步走对超重、肥胖中老年人血清脂联素(ADPN)及相关指标身体质量指数(BMI)、体脂%等的影响,为制定有针对性的运动处方提供依据。方法:92名中老年(50-65岁)单纯型肥胖患者随机分为实验组(70人)和对照组(22人),实验组根据BMI分为肥胖组(BMI≥25)和超重组(23≤BMI﹤25)。递增负荷运动试验测定功能能力(F.C.)并推算靶心率。肥胖组和超重组进行为期3个月的运动处方(健步走)干预,对照组保持日常生活习惯不变。与实验前后分别测定血清脂联素、BMI和体脂%。结果:组内实验前后比较,肥胖组BMI、体重、体脂%和血清ADPN水平均显著性下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);超重组除BMI显著性下降(P<0.01)外,其他指标均无显著性差异;对照组各指标均无显著性变化(P>0.05)。实验后组间比较,肥胖组BMI、体重和血清ADPN水平均高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);超重组只有ADPN水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。体脂%与血清ADPN水平的相关系数r=-0.587(P<0.01)。结论:3个月的健步走运动未能使超重组体脂%和血清ADPN出现显著变化;体脂%与血清脂联素水平存在负相关;健步走是中老年肥胖人群提高血清ADPN水平、降低体脂%的有效健身方法。 相似文献
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目的:观察男子专业摔跤运动员血清脂联素的分泌特点以及影响脂联素水平的相关因素.方法:以男子专业摔跤运动员(PRO, n=12)为研究对象;以周运动频度≥3次(CON1, n=14)、运动频度≤1次(CON2, n=12)的男大学生为对照,对其血清脂联素水平进行分析,并研究体成分、血液生化指标及一次抗阻训练等与脂联素水平的相关性.结果:PRO组血清脂联素水平极显著高于CON1和CON2.Pearson相关性分析显示:血清脂联素水平与体脂%、体脂极显著负相关(r=-0.811、-0.852,P<0.001);与TG、瘦素(r=-0.624、-0.635,P<0.05)显著负相关.一次性抗阻运动前后,PRO脂联素浓度无显著性差异.结论:男子摔跤运动员血清脂联素水平升高,体脂、TG含量与脂联素水平高度相关,一次性抗阻训练对其无显著影响. 相似文献
8.
4周运动配合饮食控制对肥胖青少年体成分、血脂的影响及相关调控机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:利用双能X线吸收测定技术评价运动配合饮食控制对肥胖青少年体成分的影响,通过血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)等指标的测试观察体成分改变情况下脂代谢的变化,通过血清脂联素(ADP)、瘦素(LEP)等与脂代谢相关激素的测试探讨体成分、脂代谢变化的调节机理。方法:实验对象为BMI 34.35±5.00kg/m2、年龄16.13±3.26岁的青少年16人。受试者每周1至周6按计划进行有氧运动、抗阻力肌肉力量练习和垫上练习,共4周。其间,受试者每日摄入的总能量根据个人标准体重×极轻体力劳动单位体重热能供应量(20～25kal/kg)计算得出。实验前、后测试受试者晨起空腹时体成分,血清TC、TG、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、载脂蛋白A(apoA)、载脂蛋白B(apoB)、ADP、LEP。结果:受试者经4周运动配合饮食控制后体重下降8.27%,体脂下降13.35%,体脂%下降5.40%,BMI下降8.53%,去脂体重下降4.28%,HDL提高22.72%,ADP提高10.12%。结论:4周运动配合饮食控制可以显著降低体重、体脂肪、去脂体重、TC、LDL,提高HDL,其调控机制与ADP水平增加有关;防止去脂体重下降是实施运动配合饮食控制减肥过程中需要解决的问题。 相似文献
9.
目的:探寻短期(15天)封闭综合干预对肥胖男少年体成分、瘦素及性激素的影响,为防治少年肥胖,改善性发育不良提供科学的实验依据.方法:10名体脂含量正常男少年为对照组,10名肥胖男少年为实验组(给予短期综合干预),干预前测定对照组与实验组相关指标进行组间比较,干预后测定实验组相关指标进行组内比较.结果:干预前实验组体成分、血糖、胰岛素、瘦素均显著高于对照组(P＜0.01;P＜0.01;P＜0.01;P＜0.05),睾酮显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);干预后实验组体重、体脂含量、体脂率、瘦体重、血糖、胰岛素、瘦素、睾酮均显著下降(P＜0.01;P＜0.01;P＜0.01;P＜0.01;P＜0.01、P＜0.01、P＜0.01、P＜0.05);胰岛素与体重、体脂含量、体脂率、瘦体重呈正相关(P＜0.05;P ＜0.01;P＜0.01;P＜0.05),瘦素与体脂含量、体脂率、胰岛素呈正相关(P＜0.05;P＜0.01;P＜0.05).结论:短期(15天)的综合干预能有效地减少肥胖男少年的体脂含量,改善胰岛素抵抗和瘦素抵抗,但对改善肥胖男少年性发育不良暂时无明显影响,长期的影响还有待进一步的研究. 相似文献
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改善单纯性肥胖儿童血压血脂水平的运动处方研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对20名单纯性肥胖儿童进行了血压、血脂(TC：用酶反应试剂药盒测定，TG：乙酰丙酮微量测定法)检测，并对10名儿童进行了8周的耐力训练(训练中未对受试者提出低盐、低脂的饮食要求)。结果表明：8周的耐力训练后，肥胖儿童血清中血脂(TG)含量下降，HDL—C显著上升，血脂代谢紊乱得到缓解，同时血压有明显下降。从众多因素的分析中发现，TG与SBP(r=0．32)、DBP(r=0．22)呈正相关，而ApoAI与SBP(r=-0．19)、DBP(r=-0．20)呈负相关，提示单纯性肥胖儿童的高血压与其血脂代谢紊乱有关。非饮食干预条件下的耐力训练有助于降低肥胖儿童的血压、血脂。 相似文献
11.
研究目的:探讨麦西来甫-木卡姆练习对维吾尔族肥胖妇女瘦素、脂联素、胰岛素含量、血脂成份、体成份及免疫球蛋白含量的影响.方法:39名维吾尔族肥胖妇女(48.67±2.38岁)随机分成运动组(n=20)及对照组(n=19),运动组进行24周麦西来甫-木卡姆练习(每周4次,每次60～80 min),对比实验前后各项指标的变化.结果:24周规律性的麦西来甫-木卡姆练习后运动组血清瘦素、胰岛素、TG、TC和LDL-c,以及体脂百分比(BF％)、腰臀比(WHR)、体指数(BMI)都有显著或极显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),HDL-c、脂联素及IgG,IgM,IgA都有显著或极显著升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论:24周麦西来甫-木卡姆练习可以有效改善肥胖患者血脂成份、体成份和脂肪细胞的分泌机能,并使“瘦素抵抗”、“胰岛素抵抗”及“脂联素脱敏”状态得到纠正,提高肥胖患者免疫能力,具有较高的健身功效. 相似文献
12.
运动对糖尿病大鼠瘦素受体基因水平与功能的影响 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：17
目的中小强度运动对糖尿病大鼠瘦素受体的蛋白和RNA水平的影响,探讨运动改善糖尿病大鼠代谢紊乱的可能机理.方法40只SD大鼠分为4组糖尿病非运动组,糖尿病运动组,正常非运动组和正常运动组.运动组进行12周的中小强度跑步训练.Western印迹法检测大鼠肝脏,骨骼肌和胰腺组织瘦素受体的含量.RT-PCR检测肝脏,骨骼肌和胰腺组织的瘦素受体RNA水平.结果(1)糖尿病大鼠血糖较正常对照大鼠显著升高(P《0.05),血清胰岛素和瘦素(Leptin)水平明显下降(P《0.05).(2)糖尿病运动组大鼠经12周跑步训练后,血糖浓度显著下降(P《0.05),血胰岛素浓度显著升高(P《0.05),血浆瘦素(Leptin)水平相应显著上升(P《0.05);(3)糖尿病大鼠肝脏,骨骼肌和胰腺组织瘦素受体的蛋白含量和RNA水平有不同程度的显著下降(P《0.05),12周运动后各组织的瘦素受体的蛋白含量和mRNA水平显著增加(P《0.05).结论运动通过对瘦素受体基因水平和蛋白功能的影响介导胰岛素分泌和代谢作用的改善,是运动纠正糖尿病的能量代谢失衡的机制之一. 相似文献
13.
The main aim of this study was to identify significant relationships between selected anthropometric and kinematic variables and ball release speed. Nine collegiate fast-medium bowlers (mean +/- s: age 21.0 +/- 0.9 years, body mass 77.2 +/- 8.1 kg, height 1.83 +/- 0.1 m) were filmed and reconstructed three-dimensionally. Ball release speeds were measured by a previously validated Speedchek Personal Sports Radar (Tribar Industries, Canada). Relationships between selected anthropometric variables and ball release speed and between kinematic variables and ball release speed were investigated using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients (r). A significant relationship was found between the horizontal velocity during the pre-delivery stride (r = 0.728, P < 0.05) and ball release speed (31.5 +/- 1.9 m(-1) s(-1)). We believe that the high correlation was due to the bowlers using techniques that allowed them to contribute more of the horizontal velocity created during the run-up to ball release speed. We also found that the angular velocity (40.6 +/- 3.4 rad x s(-1)) of the right humerus had a low correlation (r = 0.358, P > 0.05) with ball release speed. Although the action of the wrist was not analysed because of an inadequate frame rate, we found high correlations between ball release speed and shoulder-wrist length (661 +/- 31 mm; r = 0.626, P < 0.05) and ball release speed and total arm length (860 +/- 36 mm; r = 0.583, P < 0.05). We conclude that the variance in release speed within this group may be accounted for by the difference in radial length between the axis of rotation at the glenohumeral joint and the release point. 相似文献
14.
Karelis AD Fontaine J Messier V Messier L Blanchard C Rabasa-Lhoret R Strychar I 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(9):935-940
The purpose of this study was to examine the psychosocial correlates of cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) and muscle strength in overweight and obese sedentary post-menopausal women. The study population consisted of 137 non-diabetic, sedentary overweight and obese post-menopausal women (mean age 57.7 years, s = 4.8; body mass index 32.4 kg.m(-2), s = 4.6). At baseline we measured: (1) body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; (2) visceral fat using computed tomography; (3) insulin sensitivity using the hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp; (4) cardiorespiratory fitness; (5) muscle strength using the leg press exercise; and (6) psychosocial profile (quality of life, perceived stress, self-esteem, body-esteem, and perceived risk for developing chronic diseases) using validated questionnaires. Both VO2peak and muscle strength were significantly correlated with quality of life (r = 0.29, P < 0.01 and r = 0.30, P < 0.01, respectively), and quality of life subscales for: physical functioning (r = 0.28, P < 0.01 and r = 0.22, P < 0.05, respectively), pain (r = 0.18, P < 0.05 and r = 0.23, P < 0.05, respectively), role functioning (r = 0.20, P < 0.05 and r = 0.24, P < 0.05, respectively), and perceived risks (r = -0.24, P < 0.01 and r = -0.30, P < 0.01, respectively). In addition, VO2peak was significantly associated with positive health perceptions, greater body esteem, and less time watching television/video. Stepwise regression analysis showed that quality of life for health perceptions and for role functioning were independent predictors of VO2peak and muscle strength, respectively. In conclusion, higher VO2peak and muscle strength are associated with a favourable psychosocial profile, and the psychosocial correlates of VO2peak were different from those of muscle strength. Furthermore, psychosocial factors could be predictors of VO2peak and muscle strength in our cohort of overweight and obese sedentary post-menopausal women. 相似文献
15.
Paul S. Glazier Giorgos P. Paradisis Stephen-Mark Cooper 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1013-1021
The main aim of this study was to identify significant relationships between selected anthropometric and kinematic variables and ball release speed. Nine collegiate fast-medium bowlers (mean - s : age 21.0 - 0.9 years, body mass 77.2 - 8.1 kg, height 1.83 - 0.1 m) were filmed and reconstructed three-dimensionally. Ball release speeds were measured by a previously validated Speedchek? Personal Sports Radar (Tribar Industries, Canada). Relationships between selected anthropometric variablesand ball release speed and between kinematic variables and ball release speed were investigated using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients ( r ). A significant relationship was found between the horizontal velocity during the pre-delivery stride ( r = 0.728, P ? 0.05) and ball release speed (31.5 - 1.9 m·s -1 ). We believe that the high correlation was due to the bowlers using techniques that allowed them to contribute more of the horizontal velocity created during the run-up to ball release speed. We also found that the angular velocity (40.6 - 3.4 rad·s -1 ) of the right humerus had a low correlation ( r = 0.358, P > 0.05) with ball release speed. Although the action of the wrist was not analysed because of an inadequate frame rate, we found high correlations between ball release speed and shoulder-wrist length (661 - 31 mm; r = 0.626, P ? 0.05) and ball release speed and total arm length (860 - 36 mm; r = 0.583, P ? 0.05). We conclude that the variance in release speed within this group may be accounted for by the difference in radial length between the axis of rotation at the glenohumeral joint and the release point. 相似文献
16.
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2023,12(2):194-201
BackgroundAdults with obesity may display disturbed cardiac chronotropic responses during cardiopulmonary exercise testing, which relates to poor cardiometabolic health and an increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events. It is unknown whether cardiac chronotropic incompetence (CI) during maximal exercise is already present in obese adolescents and, if so, how that relates to cardiometabolic health.MethodsSixty-nine obese adolescents (body mass index standard deviation score = 2.23 ± 0.32, age = 14.1 ± 1.2 years; mean ± SD) and 29 lean adolescents (body mass index standard deviation score = –0.16 ± 0.84, age = 14.0 ± 1.5 years) performed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing from which indicators for peak performance were determined. The resting heart rate and peak heart rate were used to calculate the maximal chronotropic response index. Biochemistry (lipid profile, glycemic control, inflammation, and leptin) was studied in fasted blood samples and during an oral glucose tolerance test within obese adolescents. Regression analyses were applied to examine associations between the presence of CI and blood or exercise capacity parameters, respectively, within obese adolescents.ResultsCI was prevalent in 32 out of 69 obese adolescents (46%) and 3 out of 29 lean adolescents (10%). C-reactive protein was significantly higher in obese adolescents with CI compared to obese adolescents without CI (p = 0.012). Furthermore, peak oxygen uptake and peak cycling power output were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in obese adolescents with CI vs. obese adolescents without CI. The chronotropic index was independently related to blood total cholesterol (standardized coefficient β = –0.332; p = 0.012) and C-reactive protein concentration (standardized coefficient β = –0.269; p = 0.039).ConclusionCI is more common in the current cohort of obese adolescents, and is related to systemic inflammation and exercise intolerance. 相似文献
17.
In this study, we examined the effects of different work:rest durations during 20 min intermittent treadmill running and subsequent performance. Nine males (mean age 25.8 years, s = 6.8; body mass 73.9 kg, s = 8.8; stature 1.75 m, s = 0.05; VO(2max) 55.5 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), s = 5.8) undertook repeated sprints at 120% of the speed at which VO(2max) was attained interspersed with passive recovery. The work:rest ratio was constant (1:1.5) with trials involving either short (6:9 s) or long (24:36 s) work:rest exercise protocols (total exercise time 8 min). Each trial was followed by a performance run to volitional exhaustion at the same running speed. Testing order was randomized and counterbalanced. Heart rate, oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio, and blood glucose were similar between trials (P > 0.05). Blood lactate concentration was greater during the long than the short exercise protocol (P < 0.05), whereas blood pH was lower during the long than the short exercise protocol (7.28, s = 0.11 and 7.30, s = 0.03 at 20 min, respectively; P < 0.05). Perceptions of effort were greater throughout exercise for the long than the short exercise protocol (16.6, s = 1.4 and 15.1, s = 1.6 at 20 min, respectively; P < 0.05) and correlated with blood lactate (r = 0.43) and bicarbonate concentrations (r = 0.59; P < 0.05). Although blood lactate concentration at 20 min was related to performance time (r = - 0.56; P < 0.05), no differences were observed between trials for time to exhaustion (short exercise protocol: 95.8 s, s = 30.0; long exercise protocol: 92.0 s, s = 37.1) or physiological responses at exhaustion (P > 0.05). Our results demonstrate that 20 min of intermittent exercise involving a long work:rest duration elicits greater metabolic and perceptual strain than intermittent exercise undertaken with a short work:rest duration but does not affect subsequent run time to exhaustion. 相似文献