共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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运用文献资料调研、数据统计、比较分析等方法,对世界优秀女子铁人三项运动员的成长历程、身体形态、成绩进行比较分析,对我国优秀铁人三项运动员的同样指标及生化指标的分析,阐述了王虹霓与世界优秀运动员的差距和优势。 相似文献
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以我国优秀铁人三项运动员的身体形态指标为研究对象,运用文献资料、数理统计、实验研究和逻辑分析等方法,对其特征进行研究,从而总结我国优秀铁人三项身体形态结构指标的内容及其特征. 相似文献
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运用文献资料法、特尔菲法、测量法、格拉布斯法以及因子分析等科研方法,对我国优秀女子跳高运动员身体形态进行研究。研究结果：1）建立了我国优秀女子跳高运动员专项身体形态指标体系;2）揭示我国优秀女子跳高运动员专项身体形态特征;3）对我国优秀女子跳高运动员专项身体形态的典型指标进行了理论分析。 相似文献
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中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员身体形态特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为评价中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员身体形态特征,根据文献资料调研及专家问卷确定其身体形态特征指标后,于2006年对中国现役全部女子沙滩排球运动员进行测试。国外优秀女子沙滩排球运动员资料来自国际排联。与国内一般女子沙滩排球运动员相比,中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员具有身高臂长、踝细小腿长、体重大、肌肉含量高的身体形态特征。中国优秀女子沙滩排球运动员的基本身体形态指标与世界优秀女子沙滩排球运动员没有差别。尽快构建、完善与世界优秀女子沙滩排球运动员相适应的身体形态模式,并根据我国国情制定出优秀女子沙滩排球运动员身体形态评价标准将有利于为我国沙滩排球科学选材和科学训练提供专项形态上的定量参考。 相似文献
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本研究主要通过对09年十一运会所有的女子参赛选手的身体形态指标做统计归纳,并对比分析08年奥运会女子铁人三项运动员的部分身体形态特征。所得数据期望为铁人三项运动的选材和发展提供一些参考性依据。 相似文献
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根据冬季两项运动女子运动员的身体形态特点,采用文献资料法、数理统计法、比较分析法我国优秀女子中长跑运动员的身体形态指标进行对比分析,研究发现我国女子冬季两项运动员与优秀女子中长跑运动员的身体形态有其共同点,但又存在差异。经过对相关数据的整理和分析,总结出冬季两项运动员的身体形态指标,为我国冬季两项运动在今后的选材过程中提供一定的参考依据。 相似文献
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《西安体育学院学报》2017,(3):377-384
运用德尔菲法、测试法和数理统计法等方法对我国优秀女子空手道组手运动员体能评价指标体系及其模型进行研究。结果显示:我国优秀女子空手道运动员身体形态由肌肉因子、体脂因子和长度因子3个子系统共12项指标组成;身体机能由无氧耐力因子和有氧耐力因子2个子系统共3项指标构成;身体素质由速度因子、力量因子、协调因子和耐力因子4个子系统共15项指标构成。在此基础上选取了4个因子中的10个典型指标,构建了我国优秀女子空手道运动员的体能特征模型及其评价标准,为我国空手道运动的选材和体能训练提供理论依据和参考。 相似文献
8.
我国优秀女子铁人三项运动员有氧能力的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对我国优秀女子铁人三项运动员有氧能力进行了系统的测试。首次对我国优秀女子铁人三项运动员最大摄氧量以及最大摄氧量平台期进行了研究。结果表明女子铁人三项运动员最大摄氧量平台期平均109s；乳酸阈强度为195w；最大摄氧量经过大周期训练后有大幅度的提高；最大摄氧量平台期与铁人三项比赛成绩相关性较最大摄氧量值更为显著，对于专项有氧运动能力的提高具有积极的促进作用。 相似文献
9.
牟向东 《沈阳体育学院学报》2000,(1):26-28
为使我国女子竞走运动后继有人 ,保持世界领先水平 ,本文试图从身体形态、运动机能和心理状态等几方面 ,分析女子 5公里竞走成绩与各项指标之间的内在联系 ,用逐步回归法找出一些与运动成绩关系最密切的关键指标 ,进而得出最佳回归方程和判别函数式 ,为我国女子竞走运动员选材提供科学依据。1 研究对象与方法1.1 研究对象辽宁省优秀女子竞走运动员 7名 ,平均年龄 14岁 ,训练年限 3～ 4年。对照组为同年龄普通女中学生。1.2 研究方法测试法。根据国家体育总局实施细则 ,设定身体形态、技能、素质和心理指标共 36项。测试内容见表 1。心理… 相似文献
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Silva DA Benedetti TR Ferrari EP Meurer ST Antes DL Silva AM Santos DA Matias CN Sardinha LB Vieira F Petroski EL 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(5):479-484
The objective of this study was to describe the anthropometric profiles of elite older triathletes participating in the 2009 Ironman Brazil and to compare their somatotype, anthropometric and body composition characteristics with those of elite young triathletes and older non-athletes. The sample consisted of 64 males, divided into three groups: (1) older triathletes (n = 17), (2) young triathletes (n = 24), and (3) older non-athletes (n = 23). Somatotype was analysed according to the Carter and Heath ( 1990 ) method. Body mass index, sum of four skinfolds, percentage body fat, body fat mass, and fat-free mass were also estimated. Older non-athletes had higher endomorphy, sum of four skinfolds, fat percentage, and body fat mass than the athletes. Older athletes who participated in the Ironman and elite young triathletes had higher fat-free mass than older non-athletes. Older triathletes and older non-athletes were considered mainly endomorphic mesomorphs and young triathletes mainly ectomorphic mesomorphs. The findings that characterize the anthropometric profile of athletes in this sports modality could be used as a reference. 相似文献
12.
The body composition and somatotype of 16 trained female triathletes aged 18.8-32.8 years were measured. All of the subjects were engaged in a competitive training programme and participated in the same triathlon. Anthropometric variables included height, mass, selected diameters, girths and skinfolds, and a Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype. Body composition was determined by hydrostatic weighing procedures and skinfold patterns. Comparisons were made with Olympic swimmers and runners. The triathletes had a mean body mass of 55.2 kg and a mean height of 162.1 cm. When compared to swimmers, the triathletes were somewhat shorter and significantly (P less than 0.005) older. On most other measures, including a balanced mesomorph somatotype of 3.1-4.3-2.6, they were similar to swimmers. This group of triathletes were generally heavier, less lean, more mesomorphic and less ectomorphic than elite runners. Reported body densities from other studies indicated little difference between the triathletes and other groups. Skinfold patterns were similar in shape for all groups, but the runners had smaller values, at all sites, than either swimmers or triathletes. Because of lack of information on cyclists, adequate comparisons were not possible. Regression analysis indicated that training parameters were more important than anthropometric measures in the prediction of performance. It was concluded that this group of triathletes were closer, with respect to both body composition and somatotype, to swimmers than to runners. 相似文献
13.
We examined differences in anthropometry and training between 64 Triple Iron ultra-triathletes competing over 11.4 km swimming, 540 km cycling, and 126.6 km running, and 71 Ironman triathletes competing over 3.8 km swimming, 180 km cycling, and 42.2 km running. The association of anthropometry and training with race time was investigated using multiple linear regression analysis. The Triple Iron ultra-triathletes were smaller (P < 0.05), had shorter limbs (P < 0.05), a higher body mass index (P < 0.05), and larger limb circumferences (P < 0.01) than the Ironman triathletes. The Triple Iron ultra-triathletes trained for more hours (P < 0.01) and covered more kilometres (P < 0.01), but speed in running during training was slower compared with the Ironman triathletes (P < 0.01). For Triple Iron ultra-triathletes, percent body fat (P = 0.022), training volume per week (P < 0.0001), and weekly kilometres in both cycling (P < 0.0001) and running (P < 0.0001) were related to race time. For Ironman triathletes, percent body fat (P < 0.0001), circumference of upper arm (P = 0.006), and speed in cycling training (P = 0.012) were associated with total race time. We conclude that both Triple Iron ultra-triathletes and Ironman triathletes appeared to profit from low body fat. Triple Iron ultra-triathletes relied more on training volume in cycling and running, whereas speed in cycling training was related to race time in Ironman triathletes. 相似文献
14.
Colleen J. Saunders Michael Posthumus Kevin O’Connell Alison V. September 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(13):1342-1348
The objective of this study was to test the association of the rs1049305 (G > C) variant within the 3?-untranslated region of the aquaporin 1 gene, AQP1, with changes in body weight, post-race serum sodium concentration and performance in Ironman triathletes. Five hundred and four male Ironman triathletes were genotyped for the rs1049305 variant within the AQP1 gene. Change in pre- and post-race body weight was calculated for 470 triathletes and used as a proxy for changes in body fluid during the race, as well as to divide triathletes into biologically relevant weight-loss groups (0–3%, 3–5% and >5%). There were no rs1049305 genotype effects on post-race serum sodium concentrations (P = 0.647), pre-race weight (P = 0.610) nor relative weight change during the Ironman Triathlons (P = 0.705). In addition, there were no significant differences in genotype (P = 0.640) nor allele (P = 0.643) distributions between the weight loss groups. However, triathletes who carry a C-allele were found to complete the 42.2-km run stage faster (mean 286, s = 49 min) than triathletes with a GG genotype (mean 296, s = 47 min; P = 0.032). The AQP1 rs1049305 variant is associated with running performance, but not relative body weight change, during the 2000, 2001 and 2006 South African Ironman Triathlons. 相似文献
15.
Barbara S. McClanahan Kenneth D. Ward Chris Vukadinovich Robert C. Klesges Linda Chitwood Stephen J. Kinzey 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):463-469
There is evidence from previous cross-sectional studies that high volumes of certain sports, including running, swimming and cycling, may have a negative impact on bone mineral density. The aim of the present study was to evaluate prospectively the effects of high athletic training in individuals who engage in high volumes of all three of these activities (triathletes). Bone mineral density for the total body, arms and legs was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 21 competitive triathletes (9 men, 12 women) at the beginning of the training season and 24 weeks later. Age, body mass index, calcium intake and training volume were also recorded to examine potential mediators of bone mineral density change. Men had greater bone mineral density at all sites than women. No significant changes were observed over the 24 weeks for either total body or leg bone mineral density. Bone mineral density in both arms increased by approximately 2% in men ( P ? 0.03), but no change was observed for women. Change in bone mineral density at all sites was unrelated to age, body mass index, calcium intake and training volume. The results suggest that adverse changes in bone mineral density do not occur over the course of 6 months of training in competitive triathletes. 相似文献
16.
McClanahan BS Ward KD Vukadinovich C Klesges RC Chitwood L Kinzey SJ Brown S Frate D 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(6):463-469
There is evidence from previous cross-sectional studies that high volumes of certain sports, including running, swimming and cycling, may have a negative impact on bone mineral density. The aim of the present study was to evaluate prospectively the effects of high athletic training in individuals who engage in high volumes of all three of these activities (triathletes). Bone mineral density for the total body, arms and legs was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 21 competitive triathletes (9 men, 12 women) at the beginning of the training season and 24 weeks later. Age, body mass index, calcium intake and training volume were also recorded to examine potential mediators of bone mineral density change. Men had greater bone mineral density at all sites than women. No significant changes were observed over the 24 weeks for either total body or leg bone mineral density. Bone mineral density in both arms increased by approximately 2% in men (P < 0.03), but no change was observed for women. Change in bone mineral density at all sites was unrelated to age, body mass index, calcium intake and training volume. The results suggest that adverse changes in bone mineral density do not occur over the course of 6 months of training in competitive triathletes. 相似文献
17.
Beat Knechtle Patrizia Knechtle Christoph Alexander Rüst Thomas Rosemann 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(13):1373-1380
Abstract We examined differences in anthropometry and training between 64 Triple Iron ultra-triathletes competing over 11.4 km swimming, 540 km cycling, and 126.6 km running, and 71 Ironman triathletes competing over 3.8 km swimming, 180 km cycling, and 42.2 km running. The association of anthropometry and training with race time was investigated using multiple linear regression analysis. The Triple Iron ultra-triathletes were smaller (P < 0.05), had shorter limbs (P < 0.05), a higher body mass index (P < 0.05), and larger limb circumferences (P < 0.01) than the Ironman triathletes. The Triple Iron ultra-triathletes trained for more hours (P < 0.01) and covered more kilometres (P < 0.01), but speed in running during training was slower compared with the Ironman triathletes (P < 0.01). For Triple Iron ultra-triathletes, percent body fat (P = 0.022), training volume per week (P < 0.0001), and weekly kilometres in both cycling (P < 0.0001) and running (P < 0.0001) were related to race time. For Ironman triathletes, percent body fat (P < 0.0001), circumference of upper arm (P = 0.006), and speed in cycling training (P = 0.012) were associated with total race time. We conclude that both Triple Iron ultra-triathletes and Ironman triathletes appeared to profit from low body fat. Triple Iron ultra-triathletes relied more on training volume in cycling and running, whereas speed in cycling training was related to race time in Ironman triathletes. 相似文献
18.
中美优秀男子篮球运动员身体形态及几项主要技术指标的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
肖宗涛 《武汉体育学院学报》2001,35(4):80-82
从身体形态指标和5项主要技术指标的统计入手，通过中美优秀男子篮球运动员的比较．研究形态指标与技术之间的关联，以期为篮球运动员的选材和训练提供一些参考。 相似文献
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运用文献资料、数理统计、实验等方法,以我国铁人三项女子优秀运动员为研究对象,探讨高原训练对其身体机能的影响及其规律。结果表明：高原训练第Ⅰ阶段中,血红蛋白、红细胞压积、红细胞显著性升高,但是幅度不大;运动负荷前后对尿蛋白、PH值有显著性影响;血睾酮、血睾酮/皮质醇下降和皮质醇升高均随训练高度增加和运动负荷变大而变化,且皮质醇一直处于非常高水平值,血尿素和血清肌酸激酶也显著性升高。高原训练第Ⅱ阶段中,血红蛋白、红细胞压积、红细胞持续下降;血睾酮明显低于第一阶段、皮质醇则明显高于第一阶段以及二者比值持续变小;血尿素和血清肌酸激酶除了高于正常值以外,还因运动负荷刺激而表现出持续升高态势。下平原后,各项指标表现为强势反弹。说明高原训练对机体的刺激较大,机体的氧运输能力得到有效提高,但是运动负荷的刺激深度还可以进一步加深,同时机体的恢复调整能力,特别是机体的缓冲系统还有待于进一步提高。随着高原训练时间的延长,把握训练周期性与海拔高度、负荷量（运动强度、时间和频度等）之间的关系尤为必要,既要避免造成机体过度疲劳,又要强化对机体刺激和恢复的效果。同时根据运动员的具体情况及时地辅以营养品（PA、优质蛋白补剂等）、积极性恢复等措施,促进身体机能得到有益的提高,避免高原训练负效应出现。 相似文献