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1.
体育价值取向是指体育价值主体在把体育作为一种社会客体的情况下,根据自身生存和发展的体育需要对体育客体进行价值设定、价值预期时所表现出来的意向或倾向。体育价值取向与其赖以生成的社会密不可分,是其所处时代和社会发展阶段的必然发映。通过对社会本位价值取向与人本位价值取向的重新认识与解读,当前我国体育价值取向应是以人文体育价值取向为主导,承认社会本位价值取向与人本位价值取向的合理性及适当保持二者的张力。 相似文献
2.
我国体育公共服务的概念溯源与再认识 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对"体育公共服务"概念的形成及不同时期概念表达形式的内涵与时代背景进行了分析,指出"体育公共服务"的逻辑起点是重视大众体育需求、以体育公共利益为导向,其价值取向是实现公平与正义,内在目标是实现均衡发展;对存在学术争议的用语进行了比较,认为采用"体育公共服务"较"公共体育服务"更为合适,并从体育公共利益需求与价值选择出发,重新界定了"体育公共服务"的概念;从差异性、同质性与补偿性3种体育公共利益出发,将体育公共服务分为生存发展型服务、精神满足型服务以及权益伦理型服务,认为体育公共服务供给要在政府为主体的基础上实现多元化。 相似文献
3.
高校竞技体育国际化是高校竞技体育发展的必然选择，高校竞技体育国际化的行为表现取决于价值取向。美国高校竞技体育国际化进程的主体性地位突出，以有选择性的诉求竞技体育成绩的最大化作为基本价值取向；以教育为目的，以文化为引领作为核心价值取向。美国高校的体育理念、体育属性与竞技体育实力构成高校竞技体育国际化价值取向的导向机制。 相似文献
4.
全面小康社会体育发展的基本特征和价值取向 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过文献资料检索和专家访谈法 ,对全面建设小康社会时期我国体育发展的基本特征 ,以及从体育的自然属性和社会属性角度下思考体育的价值取向这两个方面做初步的分析研究 ,使体育能更好地为全面建设小康社会服务。 相似文献
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体育作为发展人的自然属性的一种身体活动,而武术意为手执武器搏杀格斗的方法或技巧,两者具有的相似点为其转化提供了先决条件.当武术的军事价值日渐没落,武术在西方体育的强势入侵和自身生存的困境下,开始了自身的体育化转型,其间经历了平行发展期、借鉴融合期、加速融合期三个阶段.研究认为:武术的体育化是时代发展的必然;武术的体育化转型为武术生存提供了契机;武术的体育化加速了武术的传播广度和力度;武术的体育化同时加速了传统武术的没落.中国武术的发展应反对自我中心主义、民族极端主义以及"去竞技化"的苗头,同时力促传统武术与竞技武术的协调共进. 相似文献
7.
中央电视台体育频道创办了"武林大会"这个传统武术电视节目,为民族传统体育在现代语境下更好的生存和发展提供了启示.民族传统体育作为一种非物质文化遗产,是民族传统文化的典型代表.促进民族传统体育在现代社会中的生存和发展,必须将其传统的价值取向与现代文化理念和谐相融,促进民族传统体育在竞技与娱乐层面交相辉映. 相似文献
8.
唯物史观视阈下体育历史价值探析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国体育界对于体育历史的研究,大多以"认识"的方式看待体育历史.将其作为客体以"价值"的方式来重新审视,发现体育历史有着人类体育活动的产物和结果、人类体育价值活动目的及其实现过程的展开、人类体育价值活动文明成果的积聚延续的三重含义.体育价值经历了从"物本取向"到"人本取向"、"生物取向"到"人文取向"、"工具取向"到"价值取向"的嬗变,体育历史的形成真实地反映了其属人性、功能性及发展的可持续性特点. 相似文献
9.
运用文献资料、推理等方法对体育课程与教学的逻辑起点进行了研究。研究认为体育课程与教学应该有从自身属性出发的逻辑起点。体育课程与教学是为了满足人与社会需要,传播体育文化的工具。"满足人与社会需要"体现了体育课程与教学具有的教育属概念的性质,"传播体育文化"使体育课程与教学具有了区别于其他课程与教学的种概念性质。因而在此基础上提出了体育教育价值是体育课程与教学的逻辑起点,并认为理想的体育教育价值应该追求个人价值与社会价值的统一。 相似文献
10.
原生态价值取向与村落体育的"善本再造" 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
朱勇 《西安体育学院学报》2010,27(6)
村落体育是推行农村体育的重要形式和渠道,是实现农村体育繁荣,构建和谐社会的重要路径.以"原生态"价值取向"再造"村落体育,解决村落体育推行中的误端是有效的村落体育路径之一.原生态体育具有自然性、地域性、内生性、民俗性、象征性、仪式性等特点.目前村落体育推行中存在着"主客体"易位、"同一化"取向的误区.村落体育"善本再造"要做到:村落原生态体育是村落体育开展中的善本资源;村落"草根群体"是村落体育开展中的善本组织;"非模式化"是村落体育开展中的善本路径. 相似文献
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During the last few years, research interest on interindividual differences in acute affective reactions on sport activities has increased. Moreover, current studies show that besides interindividual differences, substantial intraindividual variations exist. Therefore, we assume that the potential of regulating affective well-being through sport activities varies situationally. This ambulatory assessment study analyzes affective reactions on sport activities in daily routine to identify possible factors for situational variability of changes in affective well-being. First, situational differences in affective well-being (valence, calmness, energetic arousal), goals for sport activities (e.g., regulation of body weight, activation), and activity characteristics (e.g., activity dose, perceived exertion) were analyzed. Second, associations between these parameters and activity characteristics were dissected. Third, associations with affective well-being after sport activities are identified. For 7 days, 25 women and 21 men (Mage = 32 years) participated. Activity characteristics were captured objectively (accelerometer, electrocardiogramm). Affective well-being, situational goals, and perceived exertion were gathered via smartphone. Multilevel analyses confirmed situational heterogeneity of affective well-being (e.g., intraclass-coefficient ICCvalence = 0.48), situational goals (e.g., ICCactivation = 0.59), and activity characteristics (e.g., ICCactivity dose = 0.21). Furthermore, we observed that higher feelings of calmness and stronger situational goals for body weight and activation are followed by a higher activity dose. This higher activity dose comes along with higher energetic arousal after sport activities, whereas higher perceived exertion is followed by lower feelings of calmness. Study results confirm intraindividual variation of affective well-being, specific goals, and activity characteristics. They emphasize the relevance of situational characteristics for the regulation of affective well-being through sport activities. 相似文献
12.
上海市生活体育设施构建的理论探析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
卢耿华 《武汉体育学院学报》2005,39(5):15-18
运用生活圈理论,结合上海城市发展与市民生活方式的时空特征及其体育行为对生活体育设施的建设进行了分析。加强城市生活体育设施建设是促进城市体育发展,提高城市生活质量和增强城市综合竞争力的重要举措。提出了日常生活圈、周末生活圈、节假日生活圈的体育设施布局框架,明确了这3种生活圈的体育设施功能的定位。 相似文献
13.
McCormack GR Rutherford J Giles-Corti B Tudor-Locke C Bull F 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(2):162-167
The purpose of this study was to establish sex-specific criterion-referenced standards for pedometer-determined physical activity related to body mass index (BMI)-defined weight status among youth. We analyzed data from 7-16-year-old boys (n = 338) and girls (n = 337) and used pedometer-assessed physical activity and anthropometric data to derive average steps/day and BMI. Sex-specific criterion-referenced standards for steps/day relating to healthy weight and overweight/obese were determined using the contrasting groups method. Healthy weight children took more steps/day than overweight or obese (boys: 14,413 vs. 12,088, and girls: 12,562 vs. 10,114, respectively; p < .001). The optimal BMI-referenced cut-point emerging flom our sample was 16,000 steps/day for both boys and girls. Our results and those reported elsewhere suggest that youth take insufficient pedometer-determined steps/day to avoid becoming overweight. 相似文献
14.
Abstract Maximum oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2PEAK) is generally considered to be the best single marker for aerobic fitness. While a positive relationship between daily physical activity and aerobic fitness has been established in adults, the relationship appears less clear in children and adolescents. The purpose of this paper is to summarise recently published data on the relationship between daily physical activity, as measured by accelerometers, and [Vdot]O2PEAK in children and adolescents. A PubMed search was performed on 29 October 2010 to identify relevant articles. Studies were considered relevant if they included measurement of daily physical activity by accelerometry and related to a [Vdot]O2PEAK either measured directly at a maximal exercise test or estimated from maximal power output. A total of nine studies were identified, with a total number of 6116 children and adolescents investigated. Most studies reported a low-to-moderate relationship (r = 0.10–0.45) between objectively measured daily physical activity and [Vdot]O2PEAK. No conclusive evidence exists that physical activity of higher intensities are more closely related to [Vdot]O2PEAK, than lower intensities. 相似文献
15.
Kazuhiro Shimizu Yukichi Hanaoka Takao Akama Ichiro Kono 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(7):617-623
This study examined ageing and free-living daily physical activity effects on salivary human beta-defensin 2 (hBD2). A total of 168 healthy elderly and 26 healthy young volunteers underwent saliva sampling. Free-living step count, energy expenditure and activity durations at specific intensity levels (inactive, light, moderate and vigorous) were evaluated. The results show significantly lower salivary hBD2 secretion rates for elderly than for young participants (P < 0.05). Data from elderly participants were stratified by steps per day using quartiles (Q1–Q4) for distribution. Elderly in quartiles respectively showed step counts of 3145 ± 129 in Q1, 5294 ± 83 in Q2, 7001 ± 86 in Q3 and 10,236 ± 416 steps · day?1 in Q4. In elderly participants, significant differences were found in the mean step count, energy expenditure and activity duration with increasing pedometer-determined activity quartiles. hBD2 secretion rates were significantly higher for Q2, Q3 and Q4 than for Q1 (P < 0.05). Elderly participants in Q3 had the highest hBD2 secretion. In conclusion, these results suggest that moderate physical activity in daily living improves age-related impairment of oral immune function mediated by hBD2. For oral immune function enhancement and for prevention of upper respiratory tract infections in elderly people, we recommend accumulation of more than 7000 steps · day?1. 相似文献
16.
Maximum oxygen uptake (VO(2PEAK)) is generally considered to be the best single marker for aerobic fitness. While a positive relationship between daily physical activity and aerobic fitness has been established in adults, the relationship appears less clear in children and adolescents. The purpose of this paper is to summarise recently published data on the relationship between daily physical activity, as measured by accelerometers, and VO(2PEAK) in children and adolescents. A PubMed search was performed on 29 October 2010 to identify relevant articles. Studies were considered relevant if they included measurement of daily physical activity by accelerometry and related to a VO(2PEAK) either measured directly at a maximal exercise test or estimated from maximal power output. A total of nine studies were identified, with a total number of 6116 children and adolescents investigated. Most studies reported a low-to-moderate relationship (r = 0.10-0.45) between objectively measured daily physical activity and VO(2PEAK). No conclusive evidence exists that physical activity of higher intensities are more closely related to VO(2PEAK), than lower intensities. 相似文献
17.
There is converging evidence that physical activity influences affective states. It has been found that aerobic exercise programs can significantly diminish negative affect. Moreover, among healthy individuals, moderate levels of physical activity seem to increase energetic arousal and positive affect. However, the predictive utility of affective states for bodily movement has rarely been investigated. In this study, we examined whether momentarily assessed affect is associated with bodily movement in everyday life. Using a previously published data set (Schwerdtfeger, Eberhardt, & Chmitorz, 2008), we reanalyzed 12-hr ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data from 124 healthy volunteers. Electronic momentary positive-activated affect (EMA-PAA) and negative affect (EMA-NA) were assessed via handheld computers, and bodily movement was recorded via accelerosensors. Generalized linear mixed models were calculated. Results indicated that EMAPAA increases were accompanied by bodily movement increases of varying intensity. EMA-NA was also positively associated with increases in certain kinds of bodily movement. In light of previous research, this finding suggests that affect and bodily movement may have circular effects on each other. 相似文献
18.
对上海市345名小学生和大阪府161名小学生在运动能力与生活习惯方面进行了对比研究.结果表明:1)从身高、体重的结果来看,上海男女学生的数值均高于大阪男女学生的数值.2)坐位体前屈的数值,上海男女学生均超过大阪男女学生的数值,但50米跑、20米往返跑、投球三项运动能力测试,大阪男女学生的数值均高于上海男女学生的数值.3)由于升学的压力,上海学生的运动时间、玩伴都难以得到保证,5年级学生的平日身体活动量明显低于大阪学生的平日身体活动量.4)上海学生每天视听时间少于大阪学生,而睡眠时间多于大阪学生. 相似文献
19.
Croteau KA Richeson NE Farmer BC Jones DB 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2007,78(5):401-406
This study investigated the effect of a 12-week pedometer-based intervention on daily step counts of 147 older adults randomly assigned to an intervention or wait-list control group (M age = 72.9 years, SD = 8.8). The intervention group significantly increased their daily step counts after 12 weeks (M=639, SD=2239) and continued to significantly increase during a 12-week maintenance period (M=680, SD=1721). The control group exhibited no change during the control period (M = -393, SD=2050) but had a significant increase in daily step counts (M=1580, SD=2305) when enrolled in the intervention. The pedometer-based intervention was effective in increasing participants' daily step counts. 相似文献
20.
《Sport Management Review》2020,23(5):797-809
According to psychological reactance theory (PRT), when an individual’s freedom is threatened or eliminated, a state of reactance will occur in an attempt to have the freedom restored. Consumer reactance to firm marketing strategies and governmental restrictions have been examined in a variety of contexts. However, an examination of consumer reactance regarding participation in sport gaming activities, such as daily fantasy sport and sport gambling is non-existent. Two studies were developed using experimental designs to: (a) identify whether sport gaming participation intentions were influenced by government restrictions; (b) examine the influence of reactance tendencies on behavioral intentions; and (c) test whether consumer reactance moderates the relationship between government restrictions and gaming intentions. Our results showed significant differences in intentions based on government restrictions for both daily fantasy sport (DFS) and sport gambling participants. Mean intention scores were highest in the scenarios where the activities were legal, which is contrary to previous consumer reactance literature. However, varying state regulations may be playing a role, as individuals can participate in these activities in states where they are legal. Additionally, consumer reactance played a moderating role for groups that were discouraged or restricted from the activity. Consumers with high reactance tendencies reacted unfavorably to threats of freedom as anticipated, extending our knowledge of the impacts of consumer reactance within the sport gaming industry. 相似文献