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1.
马拉松跑者深度休闲限制变通策略的质性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在深度休闲理论背景下，对马拉松跑者跑步过程中所采取的限制变通策略进行研究。通过滚雪球抽样选择20名马拉松跑者进行半结构式访谈，运用NVivo 11.0对访谈材料进行整理和编码，分析得出马拉松跑者会采用意识提高策略、自我管理策略、帮助关系策略、时间调整策略、环境支持策略五种限制变通策略克服影响跑步参与的限制因素。 相似文献
2.
《西安体育学院学报》2022,(1):18-30
北京冬奥会带动了我国冰雪运动的开展,通过对北京市冰雪运动参与者的问卷调查,分析影响大众冰雪运动持续参与的机制,构建了休闲限制对持续参与的影响机制模型。研究发现,在大众冰雪运动参与前与参与后,休闲限制对实际参与,休闲限制对变通策略以及变通策略对实际参与等3个方面都有不同的影响,验证了冰雪运动休闲限制与持续参与存在着"休闲限制→变通策略→实际参与→满意度→持续参与"的影响路径。故应降低参与冰雪运动的限制因素,提高参与冰雪运动的满意度;对大众而言,采用不同的变通策略以克服各种休闲限制,对持续参与冰雪运动具有重要作用。 相似文献
3.
对广东珠三角六所高校676名大学生进行调研,探索大学生参与户外运动休闲限制及其参与行为的关系。研究发现：休闲限制在大学生参与户外休闲运动的参与度、性别、年级、专业类型、均存在差异性;参与行为与休闲限制的四个维度呈负相关,其中自身限制与参与行为存在着非常显著的相互预测作用,而自身限制、人际限制、结构限制与户外休闲运动参加次数存在着非常显著的负相关,自身限制、结构限制作为户外休闲运动参加次数的预测指标有统计学意义。 相似文献
4.
付善民 《武汉体育学院学报》2009,43(6):72-75
主要采用文献资料法对国内休闲学研究现状及西方休闲学研究进行分析,梳理西方学界对休闲学研究的主线,分析西方社会学视角下的休闲限制及协商、性别与休闲、残疾人与休闲,即西方休闲学研究的三个主要理论假设,提出了体育休闲参与的促进因素、体育休闲限制研究、不同社会群体的体育休闲、性别与体育休闲等中国体育休闲学研究的主体领域'以促进中国体育休闲学研究的深入. 相似文献
5.
应用模糊集定性比较分析法（fsQCA）对2019年我国马拉松赛事进行系统分析，以探讨导致我国各省区市马拉松赛事区域发展差异的多重并发因素。研究发现：经济发展水平、第三产业发展水平、体育投入水平、人口基础、区域景区数量、交通发展水平均在马拉松赛事发展中发挥了重要作用，马拉松赛事的有效发展是多种因素组合共同作用的结果。结论：经济发展水平是马拉松赛事发展的关键条件，人口基础是重要前提，第三产业发展水平是动力基础，交通发展水平是外生动力，发展马拉松赛事需要把握主要影响因素，注重因素的共同作用。 相似文献
6.
随着马拉松休闲概念的逐步壮大,马拉松参与、参与水平与持续参与行为日渐成为研究热点话题。以Web of Science和知网数据库为数据来源,通过高频词、近年低频热点词、地域分布以及作者合作网络分析国内外马拉松参与动机研究领域的研究热点和发展趋势。研究发现,研究以美国、西班牙、瑞士、英国为代表的体育强国展现出引领态势,国内学界于2011年开始明确提出“马拉松参与”这一关键词,随着2014年相关政策的颁布进入快速发展阶段;近年低频热点说明国外对中国社会、儿童马拉松教育以及赛事IP赋能体旅产业等关注度提高,国内学者热衷于女性参与、性别平等、赛事服务与满意度之间的变量关系,以及马拉松运动所蕴含的深度休闲意义等新兴话题;当前国外理论研究和实际应用相结合的较为深入,国内马拉松参与动机相关研究存在研究团队零散、研究视角单一、科技糅合应用不足以及理论分析不够深入等问题,需要理论界和实证界的不断合作与创新。 相似文献
7.
探讨影响大学生参与休闲体育行为意向的因素,采用问卷调研法对354名大学生进行测量,将影响大学生参与休闲体育的因素,运用计划行为理论与线性结构方程式统计分析,找出影响大学生参与休闲体育行为意向构面的影响力度。实证结果:态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制对行为意向有直接的显著影响,可以解释其参与休闲体育行为意向的0.37;情感性信念和工具性信念对态度有显著影响,可以解释其参与休闲体育态度的0.22;主体群和次体群对主观规范有显著影响,可以解释其参与休闲体育主观规范的0.35;便利条件和自我能力对知觉行为控制有显著影响,可以解释其参与休闲体育知觉行为控制的0.68。研究提出了提高大学生参与休闲体育的行为意向策略。 相似文献
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9.
采用问卷调查法等方法对昔阳县居民参与休闲体育活动人群中不同社会群体的休闲体育行为进行研究,发现文化程度、经济收入、兴趣爱好、参与目的和参与方式是影响昔阳县居民参与休闲体育活动人群差异的主要变量因素。另外,发现昔阳县的休闲体育活动存在安全性、缺乏专业人员的指导、高级服务场所消费太贵等问题。 相似文献
10.
在科技体育项目市场化发展过程中,科技体育社会参与者出现两极分化现象。以社会认知理论为视角,基于上海市航海模型协会、上海市航空车辆模型运动协会以及全市16个区青少年活动中心科技体育社会参与者的问卷调查数据,通过多元线性回归检验深度休闲特质对限制变通行为的影响机制。结果显示：(1)科技体育社会参与者的深度休闲特质与限制变通行为存在人口统计学差异,科技体育社会参与者在性别、年龄、受教育程度、获奖经历与参与组织等人口统计学控制变量下呈显著差异。(2)深度休闲特质对限制变通行为具有正向预测作用,科技体育社会参与者具备深度休闲特质,并通过限制变通行为维系持续参与状态。 相似文献
11.
Andreas Hohmann 《体育科研》2019,(4):1-9
足球是世界第一运动，在德国拥有广泛的群众基础，那么如何有效地对足球运动员进行科学合理的筛选就成为了一项重要的课题。本文由德国拜罗伊特大学体育系运动训练科学小组完成，目的是为了揭示足球人才在一般运动测试中所表现的中期预后有效性以及从实验结果计算出的足球特定表现分数。在此之前已经对包括体操、滑雪和网球在内的几项人才筛选计划实施了运动诊断分析。然而，与大多数其他运动相比，足球运动对这种早期测试的预测价值尚不清楚。测试对象由参与德国富尔达地区运动表现能力测试（FMC）的U9二年级儿童组成（N=2 965）。FMC是一个对测试者基础运动表现能力的筛查，由两个人体测量学特征参数和德国运动能力表现测试（GMT6-18）的8个测试项目组成，并增加了一个投掷球测试。测试数据来自2011-2014年在德国富尔达地区参与测试的所有儿童，并记录了至2016-2017赛季结束时（2017年9月30日）选择足球（N=316）的儿童的足球比赛表现水平。然后依据比赛表现水平的高低将球员分别分配到4个不同的表现级别中，并使用ANOVA，比值比和判别分析法确定运动测试的预后有效性，并将测试结果与测试儿童在U12~U15年龄段所表现出的足球运动表现水平进行分析，最终得出9项基础运动测试的预后相关性。 相似文献
12.
Several talent-screening programs conducted within elementary schools have implemented motor diagnostics to introduce children to groups of sports including both game and specific sports, the latter of which includes gymnastics, skiing, and tennis. However, as in most other sports, the predictive value for soccer regarding such early testing is unclear. This prospective cohort study evaluated the mid-term prognostic validity of general motor tests as well as a soccer-specific score calculated from a test battery. The sample consisted of N?=?2965 U9 age group of children from the Fulda Movement Check (FMC). The FMC is a basic check comprised of two anthropometric parameters and eight general items of the German Motor Test 6–18 by Boes and Schlenker with the addition of a ball throw. The test data were collected from the second grade classes of 2011–2014. The soccer competition performance of those children who chose soccer (n?=?316) up to the end of the season 2016/17 (September 30, 2017) was recorded. This group of U12–U15 players was then assigned individually to four different competition levels. The prognostic validity of the motor tests was determined using analysis of variance, odds ratios, and a discriminant analysis. All diagnostic methods exhibited medium to high prognostic validity over the 2? to 6?year time span from the talent screening and talent orientation period to the later soccer competitions in the early adolescent U12–U15 age groups. The prognostic relevance of the nine general motor tests was confirmed. 相似文献
13.
Daniel Leyhr Johannes Raabe Florian Schultz Augustin Kelava Oliver Höner 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1342-1351
ABSTRACT Considering the scarce empirical evidence regarding talent predictors in female youth soccer, the present study aimed to investigate the long-term prognostic validity of elite female soccer players’ adolescent motor performance for future success in adulthood. Additionally, the three-year development of highly talented girls’ motor performance and the predictive value of this motor development for reaching a professional adult performance level (APL) was analysed. Overall, N = 737 female players participated in nationwide motor diagnostics (sprinting, agility, dribbling, ball control, shooting) within the German Soccer Association’s talent identification and development programme at least twice between the age groups Under-12 (U12) and U15. Based on their APL at least four years later, participants were assigned to a professional (first German division, 6.2%) or non-professional group (lower divisions, 93.8%). Multilevel regression analyses revealed a general prognostic relevance for the investigated parameters with respect to players’ APL. In addition, there was a non-linear improvement in participants’ motor performance across all variables from U12 to U15. However, non-significant interactions between APL and these improvements indicate motor performance development itself cannot adequately predict players’ future success in adulthood. Findings provide insightful information that can help coaches foster optimal support for young female soccer players’ development. 相似文献
14.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):433-442
AbstractThis study examined the disturbing effects of relative age on the talent identification process in the talent development programme of the German Football Association. The bias in the selection rate was examined via the extent of relative age effects. The bias in motor performance diagnostics was analysed by comparing the motor performance of selected players with normal motor development. The mechanisms underlying the relative age biases in motor performance were examined by modelling the direct and indirect effects of relative age on single motor performance tests for sprint, running agility, dribbling and ball passing and control. Data from 10,130 selected football players from the U12 to U15 age groups were collected in autumn 2010. The birth distribution differed significantly from the reference population with approximately 61% of the players born in the first half of the year. The selection probability was approximately two times higher for players born in the first quarter of the year than for players born in the last quarter. Revised motor performance diagnostics showed better results on average for relatively younger players. Path analysis revealed significant direct and indirect relative age effects for physiologically demanding tests and almost no effects for technically demanding tests. Large sample sizes allowed high resolution in relative age with additional informational content and multivariate modelling of the complex relationships among relative age, physical development and motor performance. The results are discussed on how relative age affects the effectiveness and fairness of talent identification and development processes. 相似文献
15.
青少年足球训练中教学比赛是不可缺少方法之一。足球训练中常常也把教学比赛作为提高队员技战术实战能力的一种重要手段。在德国青少年足球训练中,有一句熟话,叫作＂随意比赛＂,意思也就是通过比赛来体验足球训练中的实战能力。常常会安排一些教学比赛,让队员在比赛中尽可能体验和享受足球给他们带来的快乐。从而提高队员足球技术、战术、以及身体对抗的能力。同时,教学比赛能调动队员学习的积极性,提高学生练习效率,完善技、战术运用能力,培养团体协作和集体精神。 相似文献
16.
足球运动员运动寿命初探 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
张庆宝 《西安体育学院学报》1995,(4)
足球运动员运动寿命的长短受着多方面的制约和影响，是一个较复杂的问题。本文通过对参加世界杯赛的国外运动员和中国＇９５甲、Ａ联赛运动员的年龄进行统计研究，对足球运动员的最佳运动年龄和最佳运动年限作初步探讨，旨在为我国足球的腾飞与发展寻觅事半功倍之途经提供参考依据。 相似文献
17.
本研究对上海女足13名运动员进行半结构式访谈，在运动员了解Choking现象的基础上，让运动员描述比赛Choking的过程，从而探究女足运动员发生比赛Choking的心理机制。从访谈结果来看，运动员发生Choking的主要原因是面对比赛压力时受到各种因素的干扰，导致其注意力不能很好地集中在比赛上，干扰信息导致其技术动作的自动化过程受阻，在压力认知和决策的执行动态过程中，由于受到多元因素的影响最终发生Choking。通过对访谈结果进行归纳分析，共归纳出26个原始数据主题，进一步总结出9个高级主题，在9个高级主题的基础上归纳出3个概括性维度，分别是压力来源、压力下的反应以及压力导致的结果，这3个概括性维度对应了Choking的诱因、Choking的表现和 Choking的结果。由此得出以下结论：女足运动员发生Choking的心理机制是赛前来自各方面的干扰因素引发了运动员比赛时生理和心理上的Choking表现，最终导致技战术发挥失常，女足运动员比赛Choking的现象会在队友之间相互“传染”。 相似文献
18.
Carlos Nolasco 《Soccer & Society》2019,20(6):795-809
In a context of intense competition, emphasized by globalization processes, the football industry seeks to maximize performances through an incessant search for high quality skilled players. In a market logic, these players become a scarce asset. They are intensely sought out by teams, which results in an intense migration flow of footballers. Portuguese football is also imbedded in these migrations dynamics. Although it is not a new phenomenon in recent years, Portugal has become a crossroads of migratory flows players, with a large number of foreign players to reach national clubs, and many Portuguese players to go to foreign clubs. The aim of this paper is to observe the migratory trends of football players in Portugal, and identify the migratory routes not only of the foreign players who arrived in Portugal, but also of the Portuguese players who go abroad. 相似文献
19.
Mostafa Zarei Hamed Abbasi Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Tohid Seif Barghi Nikki Rommers Oliver Faude 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(21):2447-2454
This study examined the long-term effects of the 11+ on physical performance in adolescent male football (soccer) players. Eighty-two 14- to 16-year-old male football players (11+ = 42 players, control = 40 players) participated. Teams were randomised to control (CON) and intervention (INT) groups. INT applied the 11+ injury prevention programme for 30 weeks at least twice a week as a warm-up. CON performed their standard warm-up. Motor performance tests were conducted 1 week prior and 1 week after the competition season. We used magnitude-based inferences and linear mixed-effects models to analyse performance test results. INT showed superior results compared to CON in the vertical jump height 7.5% (95%-CI 4.4%, 10.7%), the Bosco 15-s-jump test 7.2% (95%-CI 2.2%, 12.4%), and the Illinois agility test ?2.6% (95%-CI ?4.1%, ?1.1%). Possibly beneficial effects in favour of INT were found in the 9.1 m sprint test ?3.1% (95%-CI ?6.1%, 0.1%). Possibly harmful effects (i.e. in favour of CON) were observed in the dribbling test 2.8% (95%-CI ?0.8%, 6.4%). The 11+ warm-up programme can improve different performance measures in football players. Coaches might implement additional dribbling drills next to the 11+ to achieve improvements observed in dribbling ability when using a regular warm-up programme. 相似文献