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借鉴风险认知和体育活动风险相关领域的研究成果,探讨高校学生体育活动风险认知问题.(1)详细阐述了高校学生体育活动风险情况,指出了高校学生体育活动风险的分类及特征;(2)分析了高校学生体育活动风险认知特征和影响因素;(3)提出了促进高校学生体育参与行为的认知策略. 相似文献
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借鉴风险认知和体育活动风险相关领域的研究成果,探讨高校学生体育活动风险认知问题.(1)详细阐述了高校学生体育活动风险情况,指出了高校学生体育活动风险的分类及特征;(2)分析了高校学生体育活动风险认知特征和影响因素;(3)提出了促进高校学生体育参与行为的认知策略. 相似文献
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体育活动风险认知特征及其影响因素的理论研究 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
以心理测量范式为基础,探讨体育活动风险认知特征及其影响因素.首先,界定了"体育活动风险认知"的概念,初步认定6个体育活动风险认知特征,即自愿性、知识性、新奇性、可控性、一般恐惧性和结果严重性等,并归纳总结出7种体育活动风险认知的影响因素,即体育器械设施管理和使用、媒介传播、社会文化、生理遗传因素、参与活动的知识经验、信任与认知风险和认知收益等;其次,以心理测量范式为基础并综合其他风险认知理论,提出体育活动风险认知和参与绩效的关系;最后,对风险认知测评方法及体育活动风险认知的测评及应用进行评述,指出编制体育活动风险认知测评工具的重要性. 相似文献
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体育教学中的先决体育认知行为和运动情感特点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
先决体育认知行为和先决运动情感影响一个人继续参与体育活动的态度和方式.从先决体育认知行为和先决运动情感特点的形成及其在运动态度形成过程中的作用等方面阐述了先决体育认知行为和运动情感特点对大学生持续参与体育活动的影响,进而提出了一个既能够满足大学生现实参与运动的需求又能适应进入社会长远参与运动的需求的高校体育教学模式. 相似文献
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以具身认知为根基的身体素养理论,从身体、认知、情感、行为4个维度揭示幼儿身体活动参与的整体性循环,指出幼儿体育活动应是具身性、体验性、综合性的身体活动,并针对性提出要转变教育理念,增进“具身性”理解;聚焦身体体验,推动幼儿体育回归“身体”本源;强化动作教育,夯实身体活动促动幼儿健全人格之根基;创设具身情境,构建健康生活与健康行为的可供性环境等建议,以期为幼儿体育教育变革提供理论框架及操作指引。 相似文献
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对长春市城区小学602对亲子体育参与关系进行研究。结果表明:双亲文化程度、职业对儿童体育认知的影响存在显著性差异;双亲体育经历对儿童喜欢体育程度、间接、直接体育参与的影响存在显著性差异;双亲体育行为对儿童体育认知层次、直接和间接体育参与的影响存在显著性差异;影响儿童溶入体育的社会化动因依重要程度分别为同伴、双亲,观看体育比赛、体育明星、学校老师,其中同伴、观看体育比赛、学校老师的影响存在显著性的性别差异。 相似文献
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体育运动中的负性心理和行为研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
白宏炎 《武汉体育学院学报》2004,38(6):173-176
在体育运动中由于人们认知的偏差，归因不合理，以及教学方法、组织、裁判等方面的不合理因素和社会不良现象的影响，体育活动会对参与本人、他人和社会产生负性心理影响。对体育运动中的负性心理和行为进行了归纳、分析和研究，结果显示，体育活动的主要负性心理和行为有：功利主义、负性心理暗示、厌学与运动成瘾、焦虑和紧张以及攻击性行为等5个方面，并提出了相应的对策。 相似文献
8.
目的通过研究大学生体育环境感知、体育参与、体育收获相互作用关系,促进大学生体育参与,增进健康。方法依据社会生态学与参与理论,构建了大学生体育环境感知、体育参与、体育收获的关系模型,通过大学生体育环境感知量表、大学生体育参与量表、大学生体育收获量表,对6 200名在校大学生进行了调查,使用SPSS20.0、AMOS20.0软件进行描述性统计、回归分析、共同方法偏差检验、验证性因素分析、结构方程建模。结果大学生体育环境感知4个维度变量对体育收获具有直接正向影响(P<0.001),分别解释了21.3%、14.6%、11.8%、24.8%的变量,且通过体育参与的中介作用产生间接影响(P<0.001),间接效应0.578;大学生体育参与对体育收获具有直接正向影响(P<0.001),直接效应0.679。结论环境影响参与、参与实现收获、收获体现了参与质量与环境支撑,三者相互作用的链式关系,影响着大学体育发展。应从课程构建、教师引导、物质环境、制度环境入手,改善大学生体育环境感知,促进大学生体育情感参与、行为参与、认知参与,提高大学生在体育认知、实践及社会适应能力等方面的收获感。 相似文献
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体育行为和大众参与体育运动的影响因素——中国26-55岁城市居民体育生活方式影响因素调查报告 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
文章统计分析中国26-55岁城市居民参与体育运动的影响因素,找出阻碍中国26-55岁城市居民参与体育运动的共同的主要障碍;运用心理学的理论分析体育行为的产生、发展、形成的具体过程.结论:影响大众参加体育运动的主要因素是"人"本身,大众参加体育运动的决定因素是"人"这一行为主体,外部环境条件只起到推动、限制和导向等辅助作用.讨论:"人"的体育行为的特殊性--行为主体、行为客体、行为手段三者同一,解决大众参与体育运动的 相似文献
12.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):484-491
AbstractIt seems common knowledge that school sport participation leads to all kinds of social, educational and health outcomes. However, it may also be that students with a certain predisposition, sometimes referred to as sporting habitus, are more inclined to participate in school sports and that the ‘outcomes’ were already present before participation. Several studies indicated that identity formation mediates between sport participation and the outcomes described. Therefore, a longitudinal survey study was used to investigate whether participation in an elementary school sport competition brought about changes in the formation of sport identity and student identity of students. The results of the study showed that participation in the competition was not related to changes in the sport identity and student identity of the children. In contrast to commonplace assumptions about the socialising effects of school sport participation, the results indicate that participating in this school sport competition did not influence the student identity and sport identity of children. It may be that a selected, predisposed group of children with a strong sport identity participates in school sports, although future research is necessary to test this hypothesis. 相似文献
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Taliaferro LA Rienzo BA Miller MD Pigg RM Dodd VJ 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2010,81(3):328-339
Suicide ranks as the third leading cause of death for American youth. Researchers examining sport participation and suicidal behavior have regularly found inverse relationships. This study represents the first effort to test a model depicting potential mechanisms through which sport participation relates to reduced risk of suicidal ideation. The participants were 450 undergraduate students. Measures assessed participants' involvement in university-run sports and other activities; frequency of physical activity; and perceived social support, self-esteem, depression, hopelessness, loneliness, and suicidal ideation. Regression analyses confirmed a path model and tested for mediation effects. Vigorous activity mediated relationships between sport participation and self-esteem and depression; and self-esteem and depression mediated the relationship between vigorous activity and suicidal ideation. Social support mediated relationships between sport participation and depression, hopelessness, and loneliness; and each of these risk factors partially mediated the relationship between social support and suicidal ideation. However no variable fully mediated the relationship between sport participation and suicidal ideation. This study provides a foundation for research designed to examine pathways through which sport participation relates to reduced risk of suicidal behavior. 相似文献
14.
《Sport Management Review》2020,23(2):302-314
The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between intentions to try a sport after watching an elite sport event and post-event participation, and explore the role exposure to a post-event leveraging initiative plays in facilitating behavior. A field experiment design was employed to test the efficacy of the leveraging initiative among experimental and control condition groups. Data were collected through a questionnaire following an international track cycling competition from spectators (N = 338) who had no prior experience participating in the sport, and then were matched with participation data collected directly from the sport facility. Results demonstrate that post-event intentions were a significant positive predictor of participation. Results also demonstrate that exposure to a leveraging initiative can increase participation in a new sport. Notably, the voucher stimulated participation for spectators with both low intentions and high intentions to participate post-event. Results provide support for the use of leveraging tactics as a means of stimulating sport participation in the context of hosting novel sport events. 相似文献
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Meghan Harlow Lauren Wolman Jessica Fraser-Thomas 《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2020,13(1):40-64
ABSTRACT Organized sport is offered at increasingly younger ages, with many programs geared towards preschoolers, toddlers, and infants. While sport is promoted as an amendable context for healthy development of school-age children, little is empirically known about potential benefits or risks associated with organized sport participation in early childhood. A scoping review of nine electronic databases identified English-language, peer-reviewed, original research articles which addressed psychological, emotional, social, cognitive, or intellectual developmental outcomes of organized sport involvement of children aged 2–5 years; included studies were appraised for quality. Findings offer preliminary evidence that early sport participation is related to primarily positive outcomes (e.g. enhanced social skills, pro-social behaviours, self-regulation), while negative and inconclusive outcomes were also identified. Results suggest limited existing research has primarily relied on parent or teacher proxy-report or assessment, and reinforces that little is known about toddler and preschooler organized sport participation as a distinct form of physical activity, despite pervasive availability of programming, and positive parental perceptions of early enrolment. Additional research with stronger methodological design and rigor is needed; recommendations to enhance the quality of future studies with young children are discussed. 相似文献
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丁剑翘 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(7):76-77
在体育活动中目标设置是指根据学生的体育能力和技能水平，确定在一定时间期限内所要达到的体育学习和身体锻炼的目标，以及达到目标所采用的步骤、策略和时间的安排。既定的目标决定了学生参与体育活动的努力程度，指引并规范学生参与体育活动的行为，影响着学生参加体育活动的效果。合理的目标设置能够将学生的注意和行为指向体育活动任务，激发学生的努力和动员其能量，促进学生为完成目标而主动执行和设计最合适的策略和手段等；不恰当的目标设置会降低学生的自信水平，增加认知焦虑，减少学生参与体育活动的努力程度，也影响了学生参与体育活动的效果。本文通过实验在游泳教学中应用目标设置理论，以期来改进游泳教学，提高教学效率和质量。 相似文献
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Catherine Scott 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(5):599-614
Fear of unmediated touch between adults and children has become a feature of life in Anglophone countries, including Australia. Previous research has shown that this fear has had an impact on interactions between adults and children, particularly in education and early years care contexts. To assess the extent to which these fears have influenced Australians' willing to participate or allow their children to participate in junior sport 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with sports administrators, parents, junior sports officials and young sportspeople. Results suggest that Australians are aware of the prevailing discourses of risk but see these as irrelevant to their own contexts. As a result, junior sport in Australia continues to thrive. 相似文献
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Sport is often considered as a promising instrument for reaching a wide array of policy objectives. Social inclusion is one of the goals frequently mentioned. Though one can argue about the feasibility of the many claims made, sport can only reasonably be expected to play a role if the targeted population is effectively taking part in sports. This is what is investigated in this study. The focus lies on the sports participation of children (primary school) and adolescents (secondary school), more particularly in a club-organised setting. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether family related factors associated with a higher risk for social exclusion can be considered as determinants of club sport participation among children and adolescents. Data are based on a large-scale cross-sectional survey (2009), collected in 39 schools in Flanders (Belgium), with a total of 3005 children and adolescents (aged 6–18) participating in the research. A multilevel logistic regression has been conducted, controlling also for differences between schools. Income poverty and parental education come forward as important determinants for club-organised sports participation. No evidence was found that living in a single parent-household affects the likelihood of club-organised sports participation. While sport is often considered as an important instrument for social inclusion, the study shows that children and adolescents who are likely to occupy a more vulnerable position in society as a whole, have higher odds to be left out with regard to sport club participation as well. 相似文献
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Samantha Nanayakkara 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(13):1885-1906
The participation of women in sport is significant to socio-economic empowerment in any country. Evidence reveal that although South Asian female athletes are capable of winning medals in the Olympics, a very low percentage of the South Asian female population ever participate actively in sport. The status and circumstances to participate in sport are restricted for many female athletes in South Asia. This paper examined the main factors that influence women's sporting participation in South Asian countries. Data were analysed by using documentary analysis method. This paper analysed a combination of concepts addressing women and sport in South Asia in two ways. Firstly, it emphasises the issues and patterns of women's participation in sport in South Asian countries after the independence from the British Empire. Secondly, it highlights the benefits to South Asian societies of women's participation in sport, but argues why South Asian women are trivialised in sports participation. Results revealed the inequalities and discrimination that constrain women from participating in the South Asian sports sector as personal, social and cultural barriers. Possible solutions are provided to reduce these factors to encourage South Asian women's participation in sport. Success and the implications of South Asian governments’ interventions on women and sport are also discussed. Results of this study revealed the inequalities and discrimination that constrain women from participating in the South Asian sports sector is continuing. 相似文献
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《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2013,6(1):184-208
This review addresses personality in organised sport. We describe the extant literature that has explored personality effects on athletic success and population-based differences before hypothesising how sport participation may contribute to personality development. We then outline the role of personality in athletic interactions and group processes before considering the practical applications of personality research and avenues for future study. Our review shows that personality is an important determinant of long-term success in sport and identifies clear personality differences between individuals that participate in organised sport and individuals that do not participate in organised sport. We also observe important personality differences between sub-samples of athletes and outline the contribution of personality to intragroup relationships and team effectiveness in team sport. The interaction of genetic and environmental influences is presented as a promising avenue of inquiry that can strengthen our understanding of personality effects on sport and exercise participation and athletic success. We conclude by outlining implications for applied sport psychology. 相似文献