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1.
为寻找山东省单人皮艇优秀运动员途中划桨技术的不足,寻求提高划桨效果的途径,为运动队和教练备战十一运会提供参考资料和理论依据.研究采用平面定机摄像方法(拍摄频率50 Hz,曝光速度1/250 s),在赛程中段一侧对途中划一个复桨(两桨)周期动作进行拍摄.固定在一侧的摄像机同时记录了运动员左、右侧的划桨技术动作.采用独立t检验对部分指标值进行检验,P<0.05认为具有显著性差异.研究发现,运动员左右侧划桨技术不对称,右侧强于左侧;运动员左臂作为拉桨臂时推水过程不明显,不平稳;双侧划桨节奏不理想.建议延长桨叶水平推水的时间,减少回桨时间,改善划菜节奏;延长最大艇速保持时间;增强左侧肌肉力量,改善左侧与右侧肌肉力量的平衡度;并增强左右臂途中划划桨技术的配合程度;加强腰髋等核心部位的力量训练.  相似文献   

2.
研究目的:通过比较参加亚运会与全国皮划艇春季冠军赛的皮艇运动员划桨技术和竞速结构的不同,分析运动员在比赛中的技、战术特点,从而能更有针对性地提高优秀运动员的划桨技术和竞技能力;研究方法:通过SONY摄像机对2010年全国皮划艇春季冠军赛和广州亚运会的200 m皮艇项目中参加男子单人皮艇(MK1-200 m)的运动员进行全程跟踪与定焦定点拍摄,运用德国SIMI运动分析系统对MK1比赛中亚洲优秀代表队的划桨技术和竞速结构做出对比分析;研究发现,MK1-200 m皮艇项目中,参加亚运会与冠军赛的运动员在一桨划距指标上无显著性差异,在时间、艇速和桨频指标上有非常显著性差异;两组运动员的划距与桨频呈现出高度负相关,处理好桨频与划距的关系是运动员提高艇速的关键;两组运动员的出水角呈显著性差异,尤其是B组的出水角过小,划桨周期的时间较长,桨频降低从而使艇速下降,因此认为,桨的出水角不能过低。  相似文献   

3.
采用SIMI MOTION运动分析系统对中外优秀500 m单人划艇运动员的划桨技术进行运动学分析.研究结果表明:中国优秀艇的划桨节奏与国外优秀艇存在非常显著性差异,我国优秀艇拉桨阶段的时间与回桨阶段的时间比例为1.4:1,而国外优秀艇的拉桨阶段的时间与回桨阶段的时间比例为2.1:1;国内优秀艇途中划阶段采用的是大划距中低桨频技术,国外优秀艇采用的是中低划距高桨频技术;500 m单人划艇项目的成绩与桨频的相关性大于划距;国内外优秀艇的桨叶入水角度和出水角度较为一致,平均入水角度在55°左右,出水角度在35°左右.建议中国优秀单人艇适当地提高桨频,减小回桨阶段时间比例,优化一桨节奏,提高每桨划船效果.  相似文献   

4.
在皮艇动力学方程的基础上,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真模型和数值方法,分析运动员的推进功率模式对单人艇1000 m匀速划成绩的影响。结果发现,运动员在1000 m全程中用稳定一致的推进功率模式划桨,必然在起航加速段后导致匀速划的出现;在构成推进功率模式的4个指标中,平均推进功率的提高对成绩的提高起决定作用;推进功率波形越是平坦均匀型成绩越好;桨频的提高和划桨节奏的增大也有助于成绩的提高。实测发现,我国优秀男子皮艇运动员划桨中的推进功率波形和仿真分析获得的理想推进功率波形存在差距,提示运动员的划桨技术和体能素质有待完善和提高。  相似文献   

5.
1.问题的提出国家体委对1990年全国青年皮艇锦标赛的竞赛办法作出了新的规定:即在比赛距离内,对途中划的最高频率有所控制,女子单人艇500米为每分钟80桨,双人艇为每分钟85桨,四人艇为每分钟90桨。这种将控制频率引入竞赛机制的措施,对改进全国皮划艇的教学和训练起到了积极地引导作用,十分有利于打好青年皮划艇运动员的基本功。一般而论,皮划艇运动员的基本功主要是指皮划艇运动员所必须具备的基本能力和基本技术,在比赛中又直接通过每桨划行距  相似文献   

6.
通过二维摄像解析法、相关性分析,探索了世界优秀赛艇双人单桨运动员划桨技术的特征.研究结论有:1)揭示了世界优秀M2-、W2-运动员一桨中艇速、时间、位移分配及其性别差异情况.2)一桨艇速较高的M2-运动员倾向于艇速变化幅度小,拉桨后段至推桨前段艇速增长率较高;推桨前段时间比重较大,推桨后段时间比重较小;拉桨后段位移比重较大.3)一桨艇速较高的W2-运动员倾向于在拉桨后段至推桨前段艇速增长率较高;拉桨后段时间比重较大,拉桨前段时间比重较小;拉桨后段位移比重较大.  相似文献   

7.
通过二维摄像解析优秀男子划艇运动员500m划过程中桨频、单桨桨力以及桨幅等动力学指标,研究运动员全程划技术特点和体能特点,研究结果表明:500m划过程中,桨频、单桨桨力以及艇速的变化基本一致,表现出起航时高桨频,中途由高桨幅代替桨频维持艇速,而在冲刺阶段是以高桨频和高桨幅维持冲刺效果的特征。但是运动员在途中划阶段,由于耐酸能力的下降,导致抓水不牢、晃桨的现象。  相似文献   

8.
对中外优秀女子单人皮艇运动员桨频及划桨节奏的分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用Simi Motion运动分析系统,对国内外优秀女子单人皮艇运动员一个完整划桨周期技术进行分析.结果表明:中外优秀运动员左侧桨频及各个阶段的时间比例均没有显著性差异(P>0.05),右侧动力阶段时间比例存在非常显著性差异(P<0.01);国内优秀运动员左右两侧划桨的对称性和一致性要优于国外优秀运动员;优秀运动员菜频的提高有提高拉桨时间比例,相应缩短回桨时间比例的趋势.  相似文献   

9.
女子皮艇是一项周期性水上运动。划船运动员以快速有力的重复的划桨推动船艇前进,两分钟内均可划完比赛全程,其功率达25公斤米/秒。由于速度——划桨动作速度和频率不可能无限增长,而力量——划桨爆发力量和力量耐力是一变量,可以通过专门训练有效的发展。因此,力量素质水平直接影响运动员释放功率的大小——专项成绩的好坏。我国女子皮艇运动水平比较落后,与国外优秀运动员相比差距较大。表1是我国女子皮艇运动员和东德女子皮艇运动员的陆上力量素质测试结果(见表1)。  相似文献   

10.
为了改进和完善国家队队员的技术,分析了备战北京奥运会的国家队女皮队员单人艇一桨周期的划桨节奏,并和国外优秀女选手的相应指标进行比较。采用录像分析法对一桨周期动作的时相进行分析,水中拉桨时间比例和空中回桨时间比例国家队平均为67%比33%;国外优秀队员为68%比32%。其中曾获得雅典奥运会前3名的国外队员的数据平均为70%比30%。国外优秀队员水中拉桨比例的增大体现在后拉桨阶段比例的增大。因此,国家队队员拉桨中要注意后拉桨阶段的转体幅度,延长拉桨距离。  相似文献   

11.
The aim of this narrative review was to propose a deterministic model based on a review of previous research documenting the evidence for the associations between average kayak velocity and kinematic variables in sprint kayaking. Literature was reviewed after searching electronic databases using key words ‘kayak,’ ‘biomechanics,’ ‘velocity,’ ‘kinematics,’ and ‘performance.’ Our kinematic deterministic model for sprint kayaking performance shows that the average kayak velocity is determined by kayak stroke displacement and stroke time. Stroke time had the strongest correlation with 200-m race time (r = 0.86, p < 0.001), and stroke rate (inversely proportional to stroke time) was strongly correlated with average horizontal velocity over two consecutive strokes at race pace (r = ? 0.83, p < 0.05). Increased stroke rate via decreased absolute water phase time and increased relative water phase time were indicative of more elite performance. There was no significant relationship between stroke displacement and velocity; however, a large decrease in stroke displacement may be detrimental to performance. Individual characteristics may be responsible for a paddlers’ ability to achieve and sustain a given stroke rate. Coaches should theoretically focus interventions on increasing stroke rate while maintaining stroke displacement; however this hypothesis should be confirmed with prospective studies.  相似文献   

12.
提高爬泳技术应重视爬泳双臂之间的相互作用。这相互作用有三:一是划水臂随身体的自然转动向前向外伸肩动作,会减小由另一臂空中移动时所造成的上体错误的左右摆动;二是在中长距离中,注意一手臂人水后的前伸动作,可增大划水距离,还有助于另一臂的推水效果;三是一臂的空中移动速度和人水速度的提高有助于另一臂划水效果的提高。  相似文献   

13.
During kayak paddling, athletes attempt to maximize kayak velocity with the generation of optimal paddle forces. The aim of the current study was to examine ten elite kayakers and identify a number of key biomechanical performance variables during maximal paddling on a custom kayak simulator. These included analysing the effect of side (left and right) and period (beginning, middle, and end of the kayak simulation) on paddle force, paddle angle, mechanical efficiency, and stroke timing data. Paddle kinetics and kinematics were measured with strain gauge force transducers attached to either end of the ergometer paddle and using a 3D motion analysis system respectively. Results indicated a significantly greater mechanical efficiency during the right paddle stroke compared with the left (P < 0.025). In addition, analysing the effect of period, peak paddle force demonstrated a significant reduction when comparing the beginning to the middle and end of the simulated race respectively (P < 0.025). Examination of individual force profiles revealed considerable individuality, with significant variation in the time course of force application. Analysis of the profiles presented may provide meaningful feedback for kayakers and their coaches.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Many coaches often instruct swimmers to keep the elbow in a high position (high elbow position) during early phase of the underwater stroke motion (pull phase) in front crawl, however, the high elbow position has never been quantitatively evaluated. The aims of this study were (1) to quantitatively evaluate the “high elbow” position, (2) to clarify the relationship between the high elbow position and required upper limb configuration and (3) to examine the efficacy of high elbow position on the resultant swimming velocity. Sixteen highly skilled and 6 novice male swimmers performed 25 m front crawl with maximal effort and their 3-dimensional arm stroke motion was captured at 60 Hz. An attempt was made to develop a new index to evaluate the high elbow position (Ihe: high elbow index) using 3-dimensional coordinates of the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints. Ihe of skilled swimmers moderately correlated with the average shoulder internal rotation angle (r = ?0.652, < 0.01) and swimming velocity (r = ?0.683, P < 0.01) during the pull phase. These results indicate that Ihe is a useful index for evaluating high elbow arm stroke technique during the pull phase in front crawl.  相似文献   

16.
The aim of this study was to quantify the differences between groups of elite canoe slalom athletes based on the class they paddle in and the strategies they use in competition. Canoe and kayak footage was recorded using three cameras and analysed using lapsed-time time–motion analysis. Analysis was undertaken on the ten fastest competition runs for men's kayak and canoes and women's kayak for the 22-gate semi-final/final course at the 2005 canoe slalom world championships. Comparison between the categories of paddlers revealed that despite canoe paddlers taking significantly (P ≤ 0.05) fewer strokes than kayak paddlers, they were not significantly slower than men's single kayak paddlers with respect to their run times and only significantly slower between 4 of 22 gates. Results revealed also that paddlers using different turn strategies (spin vs. pivot) had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) different split times for the gates before and after the execution of the manoeuvre. For a paddler this means that their individual strategy could be analysed and compared with those of others to determine if alternate strategies would be beneficial to their performance.  相似文献   

17.
优秀运动员皮艇K1-500 m加速阶段的速度构成研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
运用两台高速摄像机,对2005年全国皮划艇春季冠军赛中参加单人皮艇500m决赛的36名优秀男、女运动员的启航加速阶段进行跟踪扫描录像分析。结果显示:启航加速能力男子A(前1~9名)、B(前10~18名)2组无统计学意义,女子A、B组则有非常显著性差异;启航阶段男子A组的拉桨效果优于B组;女子A组桨频高于B组,B组启航时间和总成绩高度正相关;其余3组无统计相关意义。提示,启航阶段以提高每桨的划水效果获取艇速增加的技术更符合现代优秀运动员体能结构经济有效分配模式的技术要求。  相似文献   

18.
clap式冰刀蹬冰动作特点对速滑专项力量训练理念的启示   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
通过对2002年世界速滑锦标赛优秀运动员弯道蹬冰技术动作的分析后认为,clap式冰刀与传统冰刀蹬冰过程中肌群工作方式存在着明显的不同。clap式冰刀蹬冰动作遵循大环节带动小环节,由上至下的关节发力顺序规律;而传统式冰刀则是以臀大肌和股四头肌的近固定工作与腓肠肌的远固定工作之合力实现两侧牵拉式伸膝动作。并且提出对速滑蹬冰技术动作的爆发力程度应重新审视的观点。由于肌群工作方式的异同性提示在力量训练理念上,更应加强速度力量性训练手段的选用,提高对肌腱的训练效果,重视专项力量训练对神经系统的作用功效。  相似文献   

19.
运用SIMI Twinner、Motion 7.50运动录像解析系统,对所采集的2010年广州亚运会,2010年、2011年皮划艇(静水)上海春季冠军赛三个赛事中的男子单人皮艇200m比赛项目的比赛录像进行分析,通过三个不同赛事间前三名运动员起航时前三桨艇速的纵向比较分析,发现起航阶段的名次的高低影响着最终比赛比赛名次的高低,并且2010、2011的春季冠军赛,2010亚运会的前三名在起航技术及其稳定性上都具有一定的相似性和差异性,建议加强运动员起航技术的训练,并提高其起航技术的稳定性发挥。  相似文献   

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