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1.
J. Michio Clark T. Blaine Hoshizaki Michael D. Gilchrist 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(4):510-531
ABSTRACT Goaltenders in the sport of ice hockey are at high risk for concussions from falls to the ice, player collisions and puck impacts. However, current methods used to certify helmets only consider head accelerations for drop tests which may not describe all common injury mechanisms relating to concussion. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of 3 events associated with concussions for ice hockey goaltenders. A helmeted medium National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) headform was impacted under conditions representing 3 injury events. Three impact locations’ velocities were selected for each event based on video analysis of real-world concussive events. Peak resultant linear acceleration, rotational acceleration and rotational velocity of the headform were measured. The University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model (UCDBTM) was used to calculate maximum principal strain (MPS) and von Mises stress in the cerebrum. Each impact event produced a unique dynamic response and brain stress and strain values. This demonstrates that a single impact event (i.e. falls) cannot adequately describe all impact events. As a result, impact protocols which assess multiple impact events such as the protocol described in this study should be used to evaluate ice hockey goaltender masks. 相似文献
2.
Little is known about the implications of motor asymmetries for skilled performers in dynamic, time-constrained, team-based activities such as ice hockey. Three studies were conducted to examine laterality differences in ice hockey. Study 1 investigated laterality distributions across three leagues of increasing calibre. Among skating players, skill level was related to changes in laterality patterns based on position, while a significant increase in the proportion of left-catching goaltenders was found across the levels of competition. Study 2 examined laterality differences through a 90-year retrospective analysis of player performance measures within an evolving system. Regression analysis indicated right shot preferences were associated with scoring more goals, while left shot preferences were related to assisting more goals. Among goaltenders, right-catching preferences were associated with an increased save percentage compared with left-catching goaltenders. In Study 3, player-goaltender shootout interactions revealed left shooters to be less successful against right-catching goaltenders. Results suggest ice hockey supports models of skilled perception, and provide new information in the area of laterality and strategic frequency-dependent effects in ice hockey. 相似文献
3.
Previous studies have found that reduced stick stiffness increases puck velocity in young male ice hockey players. This study
investigates the hypothesis that female players are disadvantaged by using equipment that is designed for taller and stronger
players. The purpose of this study was to investigate if stick flexibility and puck weight affect puck velocity in standing
slap shots performed by female ice hockey players. There was a significant increase in puck velocity (4.1%, p = 0.037) when stick stiffness and puck weight were reduced. ANOVA revealed that there was a significant correlation between
stick, puck and the participant herself (R
2 = 0.987). Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that participants with higher puck velocities benefitted the most when
the stick flexibility and puck weight were reduced (r = 0.648, p = 0.043). It was concluded that decreased stick stiffness and puck weight increased puck velocity in standing slap shots
for female ice hockey players. 相似文献
4.
The performance of the ice hockey slap and wrist shots: the effects of stick construction and player skill 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The purpose of this study was to examine the interaction of players’ skill level, body strength, and sticks of various construction
and stiffness on the performance of the slap and wrist shots in ice hockey. Twenty male and twenty female subjects were tested.
Ten of each gender group were considered skilled and ten unskilled. In addition to general strength tests, each subject performed
the slap and wrist shots with three stick shafts of different construction and stiffness. Shot mechanics were evaluated by
simultaneously recording ground reaction forces from a force plate, stick movement and bending from high speed filming and
peak puck velocity from a radar gun. Data were analysed with a 4-way repeated measures ANOVA for several dependent variables
including peak puck velocity, peak Z (vertical) force, peak bending and stick to ground angles, peak angular deflection of
the shaft, and hand placement on the stick. The results indicated that: 1) the slap shot was much faster than the wrist shot
corresponding to greater vertical loading force, stick bending, and greater width of the hand placement; 2) the puck velocity
was influenced by skill level and body strength but not stick type; and, 3) that skilled players were able to generate more
vertical force and bend of the stick, in part, by adjusting their hand positions on the stick. Further studies are needed
to address the specific influence of body strength and skill on the techniques of these shots and in relation to stick material
and construction properties. 相似文献
5.
凝聚力对冰球运动队比赛成绩优劣,以及团队长期可持续发展前景起着重要作用。分析影响冰球项目团队凝聚力的相关因素,是积极构建冰球项目团队凝聚力地基础。冰球队的长远发展目标、比赛任务、领导方式、管理措施与激励机制等构成冰球运动队凝聚力影响的外部环境要素,冰球队内的人员沟通与交流方式、人际关系、运动员的能力表现与运动成绩、冰球队的规模与稳定性、运动员的需求等构成冰球运动队凝聚力影响的内部因素。 相似文献
6.
Goaltender leg pad innovations, whether the result of professional player feedback or National Hockey League equipment regulations, are rarely tested for their effects on the goaltender’s body. This study quantified peak drop velocity and range of motion of four different ice hockey goalie leg pads with respect to the goaltenders’ legs during butterfly manoeuvres. Twelve junior goaltenders, ranging from 16 to 20 years of age, performed five butterfly manoeuvres in each of the four leg pad conditions (flexible-tight leg channel, flexible-wide leg channel, stiff-wide leg channel and control). The pad conditions followed similar kinematic patterns in the sagittal and frontal planes. In the transverse plane, the stiff-wide pad achieved significantly greater external rotation (~10°) during the butterfly compared to the flex-tight and the flex-wide leg pad conditions. Goaltenders performed significantly faster butterflies in the flex-tight (3.05 m/s) and the flex-wide (3.0 m/s) leg pad conditions compared to their own control (2.82 m/s) leg pads (P = 0.018 and P = 0.004, respectively). The kinematic information obtained during this study provides ice hockey goaltender equipment manufacturers with a baseline understanding of how leg pads move with respect to the goaltender’s legs. Future leg pad modifications can then be compared to these data to understand the modification’s effect on the goaltender’s body and performance ensuring that leg pads continue to improve both the safety and performance of goaltenders. 相似文献
7.
冰球运动是一项强度大、速度快、难度高并且身体接触频繁的激烈对抗性体育运动,也是一项对肌肉力量素质和柔韧性素质要求很高的运动项目,运动损伤的发生率较高。肱骨外上髁炎在冰球运动员群体中是最常见的运动损伤之一,主要是运动员经常挥拍击球有关,如预防和治疗不正确、不及时,不仅会严重影响运动员的运动寿命,甚至影响今后的日常生活。分析和总结了冰球运动员肱骨外上髁炎发生的病因病理,指出了冰球运动员肱骨外上髁炎的常见症状、体征和诊断要点,从多方面提出和论证了冰球运动员肱骨外上髁炎的治疗和预防措施。 相似文献
8.
9.
Predictors of scoring accuracy: ice hockey wrist shot mechanics 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The purpose of this study was to identify the stationary “wrist shot” technique (movement patterns) of the ice hockey stick
that corresponds to the accuracy of puck trajectory. A total of 25 subjects participated in this study, ranging from high
to low caliber players. Each performed ten successful wrist shots at four targets (two top corners, two bottom corners). Performances
were evaluated by recording the movements of the stick’s shaft and blade and of the puck with a 3D motion capture system at
240 Hz. Kinematics of the shaft and blade of the hockey stick were examined using a multiple regression analysis to predict
accuracy scores. In general, the results indicated that accuracy corresponded to release parameters (both puck release orientation
and velocity), shaft bending and change in blade orientations; though, parameter weighting differed substantially for top
versus bottom targets. Future studies are warranted to identify the whole body kinematic patterns associated with the hockey
stick kinematics. 相似文献
10.
Fran Vanderstukken Nick Jansen Tom Mertens Ann M. Cools 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(5):484-491
Shoulders of elite field hockey players are loaded continuously during play. However, shoulder girdle muscle performance in this population has never been examined yet. This study aimed to compare isokinetic shoulder girdle performance in elite male field hockey players to matched controls, with respect to strength, endurance and muscle balance. The complete male national field hockey team of Belgium (n = 25) was included and matched to a gender- and age-matched control group of healthy participants (n = 25). A Biodex system-4 dynamometer was used to measure glenohumeral and scapular muscle strength at 2 velocities in a concentric/concentric mode. With the main outcome measures being isokinetic strength values, peak force (protraction-retraction), peak torque (rotations), fatigue index and agonist/antagonist ratio’s. Measurement results showed that elite male field hockey players were stronger than their matched controls, for both the rotational and the protraction-retraction movement. Concerning rotational strength, symmetrical findings were established, contrary to scapular strength, where side differences were noted. At low velocity, retraction peak force was higher on the dominant side. Protraction peak force was higher on the non-dominant side when measured at high velocity. In conclusion, elite field hockey players have a symmetrical rotational strength profile, in contrast to their scapular strength profile. 相似文献
11.
为了能更充分的了解冰球项目,对冰球的项目特征和运动员的竞技能力构成有一个更充分的认识,从而能够更好的发展冰球运动。通过大量的有关文献和结合多年的教练经验,在总结归纳的基础上分析冰球项目特征,并通过对其属性的深入分析研究冰球运动员竞技能力,从体能、技能、战术、心理能力、智能能力、运动队文化及教练员几个方面进行分析,提出冰球运动项目竞技能力的基本因素、关键因素、主导因素、心理因素、智能因素和团队因素、教练因素,并进一步细化为单兵竞技能力和球队竞技能力,以期推动对冰球运动项目的本质规律进行更加深入的研究,促进冰球运动项目在中国更好更快地发展。 相似文献
12.
冰球运动员心理选材方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
心理选材对提高冰球运动员的成材率具有积极的促进作用。运用运动心理学和运动训练学相关知识,采用理论分析方法,结合国内运动心理选材的相关研究,针对冰球运动的专项特点,认为在冰球运动员心理选材中应注意心理选材的阶段性、系统性、长期性、专项性等问题。提出动觉方位感、视动反应时、注意力测定、性格分析、操作思维测定等冰球运动员心理选材的主要内容与测试方法。 相似文献
13.
Joan N. Vickers Joe Causer Michael Stuart Elaine Little Sean Dukelow Marc Lavangie 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(1):109-117
AbstractA “look-up line” (LUL) has been proposed for ice hockey, which is an orange 1?m (40′) warning line (WL) painted on the ice at the base of the boards. The LUL purports to provide an early warning to players to keep their head up prior to and as they are being checked. We determined if players looked up more on a rink with the LUL compared to a traditional Control rink. Elite offensive (O) and defensive (D) players competed 1 vs. 1, while wearing an eye tracker that recorded their quiet eye (QE) and fixation and tracking (F-T) and an electrogoniometer that measured head angle. External cameras recorded skate duration during four skate phases: P1 preparation, P2 decision-making, P3 cut to boards, P4 contact. The QE was the final fixation prior to contact between O and D as they skated towards and across the WL during P3 and P4. Skate phase durations (%) did not differ by rink or rink by position. More QE and F-T occurred on the WL on the LUL rink than on the Control. The expected increase in head angle on the LUL rink did not occur during P3 or P4. Post-hoc results also showed O and D skated further from the boards on the LUL rink, suggesting the players preferred to control the puck on white ice, rather than the orange colour of the LUL rink. More research is needed to determine if these results apply to the competitive setting. 相似文献
14.
This study is situated within an existential–narrative theoretical framework to examine the impact of career-threatening injury on professional ice hockey players’ well-being and career construction. Professional ice hockey culture is construed as a privileged space characterised by hegemonic masculinity, fierce competition as well as high-risk behaviours often resulting in sports injuries. In this paper, we analyse two players’ life stories with a particular focus on injury as a boundary situation involving social and temporal breakdown and re-evaluation of meaning of sporting life projects. Emergent narratives surrounding existential themes of loss of meaning and loneliness in the face of injury were analysed in connection with players’ search for authenticity and realignment with self-concept. Each player developed resistant narratives to the dominant ethos of professional sport in order to restore well-being and sense of self. The relational aspects of injury are highlighted in practical recommendations. 相似文献
15.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which ice hockey facial protectors can decrease overall head acceleration
during blunt impacts, as well as to identify whether attenuation differences exist between visors and cages. Commercial models
of three cages and three visors were assessed. Blunt impacts were simulated, permitting the measurement of peak accelerations
(PA) within the surrogate headform. Results indicated that face protectors, in combination with helmets, substantially reduced
PA during blunt impacts within threshold safety limits (below 300g). In general, cages showed lower PA than visors. Differences
between models were also observed during repeated impacts and impact site. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that facial
protectors function beyond their role in solely preventing facial injuries, complementing the role of the helmet in attenuating
head deceleration during impact. Consequently, the utilisation of facial protectors may reduce the severity and incidence
of head injuries. 相似文献
16.
Andrew Post J. Michio Clark D. G. E. Robertson T. Blaine Hoshizaki Michael D. Gilchrist 《Sports Engineering》2017,20(2):111-119
Brain injury research in sport employs a variety of physical models equipped with accelerometers. These acceleration signals are commonly processed using filters. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of applying filters with different cutoff frequencies to the acceleration signals used as input for finite element modeling of the brain. Signals were generated from reconstructions of concussion events from American football and ice hockey in the laboratory using a Hybrid III headform. The resulting acceleration signals were used as input for the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model after being processed with filters. The results indicated that using a filter with a cutoff of 300 Hz or higher had little effect on the resulting strain measures. In some cases there was some effect of the filters on the peak linear (8–30g) and rotational measures (1000–4000 rad/s2), but little effect on the finite element strain result (approximately 2–6 %). The short duration and high magnitude accelerations, such as the puck impact, were most affected by the cutoff frequency of different filters. 相似文献
17.
Do physical maturity and birth date predict talent in male youth ice hockey players? 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among biological maturity, physical size, relative age (i.e. birth date), and selection into a male Canadian provincial age-banded ice hockey team. In 2003, 619 male ice hockey players aged 14-15 years attended Saskatchewan provincial team selection camps, 281 of whom participated in the present study. Data from 93 age-matched controls were obtained from the Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study (1991-1997). During the initial selection camps, birth dates, heights, sitting heights, and body masses were recorded. Age at peak height velocity, an indicator of biological maturity, was determined in the controls and predicted in the ice hockey players. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance, logistic regression, and a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The ice hockey players selected for the final team were taller, heavier, and more mature (P < 0.05) than both the unselected players and the age-matched controls. Furthermore, age at peak height velocity predicted (P < 0.05) being selected at the first and second selection camps. The birth dates of those players selected for the team were positively skewed, with the majority of those selected being born in the months January to June. In conclusion, team selectors appear to preferentially select early maturing male ice hockey players who have birth dates early in the selection year. 相似文献
18.
冰球运动是一项强度大、速度快、难度高并且身体接触频繁的激烈对抗性体育运动,冰球运动员运动损伤的发生率较高。膝关节创伤性滑膜炎在冰球运动员群体中是最常见的运动损伤之一,如预防和治疗不正确、不及时,不仅会严重影响运动员的运动寿命,甚至影响其今后的日常生活。分析和总结了冰球运动员膝关节创伤性滑膜炎发生的原因、临床表现和诊断,阐明了冰球运动员膝关节急性损伤的治疗措施和预防冰球运动员膝关节创伤性滑膜炎发生的有效方法,以期帮助运动员积极配合医务人员,并指出科学训练对有效地避免和减少冰球运动员膝关节创伤性滑膜炎发生的重要作用。 相似文献
19.
目的：探讨负重深蹲练习与保加利亚蹲练习两种不同的下肢力量训练方式对冰球运动员专项移动能力的影响,并比较两种训练方式对提升冰球运动员滑行能力的差异。方法：将18名U16冰球运动员随机分为保加利亚蹲组和负重深蹲组,对其训练前后冰上30米滑行、冰上重复冲刺、8字滑行以及陆地30米跑、立定三级跳、侧跨跳、Y-Balance成绩变化进行测试。结果：两种下肢力量训练方式均可提高冰球运动员的冰上滑行能力、下肢爆发力及下肢平衡能力。在冰上滑行能力方面,保加利亚蹲组冰上重复冲刺能力提高优于负重深蹲组,具有显著性差异,冰上8字滑行速度两组间不存在显著性差异;在下肢爆发力方面,保加利亚蹲组30米冲刺跑成绩显著优于负重深蹲组。在下肢Y-Balance测试方面,两组不具有显著性差异。结论：保加利亚蹲与负重深蹲练习均可以显著提高男子U16冰球运动员的直线加速滑行能力,前者在提高重复冲刺能力方面显著优于手者,两种练习均可以提升男子U16冰球运动员的下肢爆发力与平衡能力。 相似文献
20.
冰球运动以速度、对抗和冲撞成为现代竞技体育运动中最具竞技性、观赏性和对抗性的比赛项目之一,其危险性也是诱发运动损伤较高的比赛项目,训练中积极预防少年冰球运动员的运动损伤发对提高我国冰球运动的普及率具有重要的作用。情绪状态与自我控制能力,对规则的认知与技术的规范性,训练安排与训练负荷的科学性,场地器材与护具等因素是诱发运动损伤的主要原因;冰球运动员的运动损伤主要发生在四肢,尤其以下肢损伤为多,其他部位占少数,损伤最多的是闭合性软组织损伤、关节和韧带扭伤。提出采取加强思想教育,合理、科学地安排训练负荷与训练过程,加强易伤部位的训练,加强保健指导、提高保护和自我保护意识,提高场地器材与护具的质量等措施,积极预防少年冰球运动员的运动损伤的发生,给予体育锻炼者参考与指导,提高冰球运动员运动寿命。 相似文献