共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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本研究利用Cybex6000肌肉力量等动测试评定系统,对10名优秀男子赛艇运动员的躯干肌群的力量进行向心等动测试,测试速度分别为60°/s、120°/s、180°/s、240°/s.测试的结果表明优秀赛艇运动员的躯干屈伸肌群的相对峰力矩、相对功均随着测试速度的增加而逐渐减少,屈伸肌群的相对功率随着测试速度的增加而增加,并且屈肌在240°/s达到最大值,而伸肌在180°/s左右已达到最大值. 相似文献
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随着比赛程度的日益激烈和运动员技战术水平差异的减小,力量素质在摔跤项目的竞技能力组成结构中显示出越来越重要的地位。采用文献资料、专家访谈以及测试等方法,通过对古典跤与自由跤运动员躯干与颈部肌力测试来定量分析自由式、古典式摔跤运动员躯干及颈部力量特征,结果发现：古典式摔跤运动员躯干伸、左右侧屈肌群最大力量优于自由跤运动员,而颈部屈伸、左右侧屈肌群最大力量低于自由跤运动员,躯干屈肌群最大力量之间没有显著差异;古典式和自由式摔跤运动员躯干伸肌、颈部伸肌最大力量测试值均明显高于躯干屈肌和颈部屈肌。 相似文献
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青少年男子篮球运动员膝关节等速肌力特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
葛卫忠 《山东体育学院学报》2010,26(3)
通过对36名二级青少年男子篮球运动员双侧膝关节进行等速测试,探析青少年篮球运动员膝关节向心屈伸肌群的生物力学特性,为运动训练、科学选材及临床康复等提供理论依据.方法:利用 Kinitech等速康复肌力测试系统,对青少年男子篮球运动员膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试.结果表明:青少年男子篮球运动员双侧膝关节屈伸峰力矩随测试速度的增加呈递减趋势,且膝伸肌大于膝屈肌(P<0.05),峰力矩屈伸比(F/E)随给定测试速度的增加呈递增趋势;最大功率随测试速度的增大而增加,同一测试速度下屈、伸肌群最大功率无明显差异,左、右侧相比也无显著性差异(60°/s伸肌除外);屈伸肌群达峰力矩的角度(APT)表现为伸肌角度明显低于屈肌角度,随速度增加左右两侧膝关节达峰力矩的角度无显著差异;双侧膝关节屈伸肌群达峰力矩的时间(TPT)随测试速度的增加而减小,同一测试速度下伸肌达峰力矩的时间大于屈肌;右侧膝关节屈肌相对峰力矩(PT/BM)与下肢形态学指标表现出不同程度的正相关.本研究结论,青少年男子篮球运动员膝关节峰力矩变化规律与成年人相一致,但左右侧膝关节屈伸肌群做功能力发展不平衡,屈伸肌群运动达峰力矩角度、达峰力矩的时间存在显著差异. 相似文献
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青少年男子短跑运动员膝关节等速肌力特征研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
目的：通过对36名二级青少年男子短跑运动员双侧膝关节进行等速测试，探析青少年短跑运动员膝关节向心屈伸肌群的生物力学特性．为运动训练、科学选材及临床康复等提供理论依据。方法：利用Kinitech等速康复肌力测试系统对青少年男子短跑运动员膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试。结果：青少年男子短跑运动员双侧膝关节屈伸峰力矩随测试速度的增加呈递减趋势，且膝伸肌大于膝屈肌（P〈0．05），峰力矩屈伸比（V／E）随给定测试速度的增加呈递增趋势；最大功率随测试速度的增大而增加，同一测试速度下屈、伸肌群最大功率无明显差异，左、右侧相比也无显著性差异（600／s伸肌除外）；屈伸肌群达峰力矩的角度（APT）表现为伸肌角度明显低于屈肌角度，随速度增加左右两侧膝关节达峰力矩的角度无显著差异：双侧膝关节屈伸肌群达峰力矩的时间（TPT）随测试速度的增加而减小，同一测试速度下伸肌达峰力矩的时间大于屈肌；右侧膝关节屈肌相对峰力矩（PT／BM）与下肢形态学指标表现出不同程度的正相关。结论：青少年男子短跑运动员膝关节峰力矩变化规律与成年人相一致，但左右侧膝关节屈伸肌群做功能力发展不平衡，屈伸肌群运动达峰力矩角度、达峰力矩的时间存在显著差异。 相似文献
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青少年女子膝关节屈伸肌力与年龄的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究女子膝关节屈伸肌群随年龄增长的自然发育规律,运用Kinitech等速测试系统对10～20岁普通大、中、小学女生双侧膝关节屈伸肌群进行60、120、240(°)/s 3种速度的等速测试.结果得到:女子膝关节屈伸肌PT值随年龄的增长而增长,在14～17岁年龄段肌力增长较快,在同一年龄膝关节屈伸肌PT值均随测试速度的增加而减小;同侧屈肌与伸肌比较,各年龄段伸肌均大于屈肌;同一速度下同年龄异侧同名肌比较差异均无显著性;膝关节屈伸肌力比(H/Q)值在同一速度下,随年龄的增长均呈现出减小的趋势;同一年龄段H/Q值随速度的增加呈现出增大的趋势.结果说明:10～20岁女子膝关节屈伸肌群力量均随年龄的增长而自然增长,在14～17岁年龄段膝关节屈伸肌力增长较快,伸肌尤为显著;随年龄增长屈伸肌力比(H/Q)值呈递减的趋势,形成自然成长下屈伸肌群力量差距增大的现象. 相似文献
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对27名青年大学生志愿者肘关节进行等速向心测试，探讨肘关节屈、伸肌群在不同运动速度下的峰力矩（PT）、峰力矩比（F／E）、疲劳指数（WF）及其变化情况和性别差异，为今后运动医学、临床医学、康复医学的实践提供参考。结果表明：随速度增加，肘关节屈、伸肌群的PT值皆明显下降，F／E值显著提高；男性在不同测试速度下，肘关节屈伸肌群PT值指标均明显高于女性；不同性别的肘关节F／E值，在慢速测试时，不存在显著性差异，但快速测试中，差异却极显著；男女肘关节屈伸肌群的WF值皆存在差异，但差异不显著。 相似文献
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我国优秀青少年女子跳高运动员膝关节等速肌力特征研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
张庆来 《山东体育学院学报》2007,23(2):67-70
通过对18名二级以上青少年女子跳高运动员左右两侧膝关节进行等速测试,探析青少年跳高运动员膝关节向心屈伸肌群的生物力学特性,为运动训练、科学选材及临床康复等提供理论依据。利用Kinitech等速肌力测试系统对青少年女子跳高运动员膝关节进行等速肌力测试,发现青少年女子跳高运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌群等速向心收缩时的峰力矩随运动速度的增大(60°/s→240°/s)呈减小趋势,在60°/s和120°/s测试速度下同侧肌群表现为伸肌峰力矩明显大于屈肌峰力矩(P<0.05),而240°/s测试速度下则反之,同一测试速度下,左、右侧膝关节屈肌群峰力矩具有显著性差异(P<0.01),峰力矩屈伸比(F/E)随运动速度的增加呈增大的趋势;最大功率随运动速度的增大而增加,同一测试速度下屈肌群与伸肌群最大功率无明显差异(60°/s伸肌除外),达峰力矩的角度表现为伸肌明显低于屈肌,并随运动速度的增加有增大趋势,而伸肌有减小趋势。达峰力矩的时间表现为随速度的增加而减小的趋势,同一测试速度下表现出伸肌大于屈肌;相对峰力矩只有在240°/s运动速度下与大小腿比例(D/X)呈高度负相关。得出结论,青少年女子跳高运动员膝关节屈伸峰力矩变化规律与成年人基本一致,但双侧膝关节屈伸肌群做功能力较弱,应加强下肢肌群的速度力量练习。 相似文献
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Felipe Minozzo Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo Machado Eurico Nestor Wilhelm Rafael Grazioli Ronei Silveira Pinto 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(10):1398-1404
Isokinetic hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) ratios are frequently used to assess knee muscle strength imbalances and risk of injuries/re-injuries. The use of peak torque (PT) or total work (TW) to estimate joint stability may lead to different results because of the differences between these two neuromuscular variables. Thus, the current study aimed to compare the conventional and functional H:Q ratios calculated by PT and TW. Ninety-three male professional soccer players from Brazilian first division teams performed isokinetic concentric and eccentric contractions of the quadriceps and the hamstrings at 60°/s. Muscle strength balance was calculated using the conventional torque ratio (CTR) and conventional work ratio (CWR), functional torque ratio (FTR) and functional work ratio (FWR) were highly and moderately correlated between them (r?=?0.83 and r?=?0.73, respectively). The Wilcoxon statistical test revealed significant differences between CTR and CWR, as well as FTR and FWR (p?T-test demonstrated significant differences in mean CTR–CWR and FTR–FWR, whereas Bland–Altman plots showed non-consistent bias. In addition, the chi-square test demonstrated significant differences between players below the conventional reference values and functional reference values (p?相似文献
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Walaa Sayed Mohammad Osama Ragaa Abdelraouf Salam Mohamed Elhafez Nagui Sobhi Nassif 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(10):934-939
AbstractIn this study, we compared the isokinetic torques of hip flexors/extensors and abductors/adductors in soccer players suffering from osteitis pubis (OP), with normal soccer players. Twenty soccer male athletes with OP and 20 normal soccer athletes were included in this study. Peak torque/body weight (PT/BW) was recorded from hip flexor/extensor and abductor/adductor muscles during isokinetic concentric contraction modes at angular velocity of 2.1 rad · s?1, for both groups. The results showed a significant difference between the normal and OP groups for hip flexors (P < 0.05). The normal group had significant, lower PT/BW value than the OP group for their hip flexors (P < 0.05). The hip flexor/extensor PT ratio of OP affected and non-affected limbs was significantly different from that of normal dominant and non-dominant limbs. There were no significant differences between the normal and OP groups for hip extensor, adductor and abductor muscles (P > 0.05). Regarding the hip adductor/abductor PT ratio, there was no significant difference between the normal and OP groups of athletes (P > 0.05). The OP group displayed increase in hip flexor strength that disturbed the hip flexor/extensor torque ratio of OP. Therefore, increasing the hip extensor strength should be part of rehabilitation programmes of patients with OP. 相似文献
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Brennan J. Thompson Curtis S. Cazier Eadric Bressel Dennis G. Dolny 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(15):1749-1756
This study aimed to provide a comprehensive strength-based physiological profile of women’s NCAA Division I basketball and gymnastic athletes; and to make sport-specific comparisons for various strength characteristics of the knee flexor and extensor muscles. A focus on antagonist muscle balance (hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratios, H:Q) was used to elucidate vulnerabilities in these at-risk female athletes. Fourteen NCAA Division I women’s basketball and 13 gymnastics athletes performed strength testing of the knee extensors and flexors. Outcome measures included absolute and relative (body mass normalised) peak torque (PT), rate of torque development at 50, 100, 200 ms (RTD50 etc.) and H:Q ratios of all variables. The basketball athletes had greater absolute strength for all variables except for isokinetic PT at 240°s?1 and isometric RTD50 for the knee extensors. Gymnasts showed ~20% weaker body mass relative concentric PT for the knee flexors at 60 and 120°·s?1, and decreased conventional H:Q ratios at 60 and 240°·s?1 (~15%). These findings suggest that collegiate level gymnastics athletes may be prone to increased ACL injury risk due to deficient knee flexor strength and H:Q strength imbalance. Coaches may use these findings when implementing injury prevention screening and/or for individualised strength training programming centered around an athletes strength-related deficits. 相似文献
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Pedro Schons Rodrigo Gomes Da Rosa Gabriela Fischer Guilherme Pereira Berriel Carolina Gassen Fritsch Fábio Yuzo Nakamura 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(5):515-526
Knee peak torque (PT) is associated to jump performance in volleyball players. It is not clear whether muscle strength imbalances of the knee joint can influence jump performance. The purpose of study was to analyse the association between PT and knee muscular imbalances with jump performance in professional volleyball players. Eleven elite male volleyball players (90.3 ± 9.7 kg body mass and 1.94 ± 0.06 m height) were evaluated in an isokinetic dynamometer at speeds of 60, 180 and 300 deg/s. Muscle strength imbalances were obtained through calculation of contralateral deficit between limbs and the conventional ratio (hamstrings/quadriceps). Countermovement jump (CMJ) was performed on a force plate to calculate mechanical power and height. Association was found between knee extensor PT at 180 deg/s with CMJ power (r = 0.610, p = 0.046). Conventional ratio at 300 deg/s showed negative association with CMJ (r = ?0.656, p = 0.029). The optimal ratio between knee extensors PT in relation to the flexors PT is associated with the greater mechanical power in CMJ. Contralateral deficit does not seem to be associated with the CMJ performance. Considering the knee extensor PT is associated with CMJ power, our findings suggest that strength-based training in volleyball athletes should not omit the conventional muscle ratio. 相似文献
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Eric T. Trexler Erica J. Roelofs Katie R. Hirsch Meredith G. Mock 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(6):702-710
Caffeine and coffee are widely used among active individuals to enhance performance. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effects of acute coffee (COF) and caffeine anhydrous (CAF) intake on strength and sprint performance. Fifty-four resistance-trained males completed strength testing, consisting of one-rep max (1RM) and repetitions to fatigue (RTF) at 80% of 1RM for leg press (LP) and bench press (BP). Participants then completed five, 10-second cycle ergometer sprints separated by one minute of rest. Peak power (PP) and total work (TW) were recorded for each sprint. At least 48 hours later, participants returned and ingested a beverage containing CAF (300?mg flat dose; yielding 3–5?mg/kg bodyweight), COF (8.9?g; 303?mg caffeine), or placebo (PLA; 3.8?g non-caloric flavouring) 30 minutes before testing. LP 1RM was improved more by COF than CAF (p?=?.04), but not PLA (p?=?.99). Significant interactions were not observed for BP 1RM, BP RTF, or LP RTF (p?>?.05). There were no sprint?×?treatment interactions for PP or TW (p?>?.05). 95% confidence intervals revealed a significant improvement in sprint 1 TW for CAF, but not COF or PLA. For PLA, significant reductions were observed in sprint 4 PP, sprint 2 TW, sprint 4 TW, and average TW; significant reductions were not observed with CAF or COF. Neither COF nor CAF improved strength outcomes more than PLA, while both groups attenuated sprint power reductions to a similar degree. Coffee and caffeine anhydrous may be considered suitable pre-exercise caffeine sources for high-intensity exercise. 相似文献
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Relationships between peak torque, peak angular impulse, and average power in the thigh muscles of subjects with knee damage 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
P Kannus 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1990,61(2):141-145
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the isometric and isokinetic peak torque (PT) (speed of movement 0, 60, and 180 deg/s) and the peak angular impulse (PAI) and average power (AP) of multiple contractions (180 deg/s) of the quadriceps and hamstrings in 29 patients with a chronic, complete deficiency of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the knee. At every test speed the Pearson product moment (r) and the Spearman rank (rs) correlation coefficients between the PT and PAI were highly significant for both muscle groups in the uninjured (r = .81-.97, rs = .77-.97) as well as in the MCL deficient (r = .77-.97, rs = .75-.95 knees. The results were the same between the PT and AP (uninjured knee: r = .83-.98, rs = .82-.98; MCL deficient knee: r = .78-.97, rs = .76-.97). In both knees and in both muscle groups the correlation coefficients increased toward the highest speed of the isokinetic movement, obviously because the PAI and AP were registered at that speed. In conclusion, concerning MCL deficient or uninjured knees the PAI or AP analysis may offer little additional information about thigh muscle function to that attained by more simple measurement, the PT analysis. 相似文献
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为了解我国高水平女子散打运动员不同赛前时期膝关节屈伸肌等动力量的水平与特征,选择上海体育学院女子散打运动员19名作为研究对象,选取整个赛前集训中一个周期的训练作为训练周期,按经典分期理论进行训练分期。等速肌力的测试采用CONTREX等动测试系统,以向心和离心60°/s的恒定角速度下进行右膝关节测试,同时测试0.2s快速屈伸时的最大伸肌力矩。研究结果:优秀女子散打运动员屈肌相对峰力矩值是(1.13±0.15)Nm/kg,伸肌相对峰力矩值为(2.11±0.33)Nm/kg,屈伸肌力矩比值是(53.0±4.0)%,比赛期达到最高值。健将级女子散打运动员的0.2s最大相对屈肌力矩为(1.053±0.207)Nm/kg,伸肌相对最大力矩健将级为(1.795±0.295)Nm/kg。结论:运动员水平越高,膝关节屈肌力量越高,屈伸肌力矩比值越大,不同赛期屈肌力量不同,比赛期达到最高。 相似文献
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对不同项目运动员躯体肌力的等动测试研究 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
用Cybex 6000以60°/sec的速度对柔道、体操和排球项目的36名优秀运动员躯干肌力进行了较为系统的等动测量与评价。结果表明,不同项目的运动员,躯干肌肉的生物力学特征是不同的。 相似文献