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1.
应用超声波动力学测量仪和CYBEX-6000等速测量仪分别对21名乒乓球运动员和18名普通健康大学生肩关节内、外旋活动范围(ROM)及内外旋肌力进行测量,探讨规则变化后乒乓球运动员肩关节用力特征.结果表明:乒乓球运动员优势臂的外旋活动范围明显大于非优势臂,而其优势臂的内旋活动范围则显著小于非优势臂,优势臂的整个旋转活动范围也明显小于非优势臂;对照组的优势臂和非优势臂旋转活动范围无显著差异;乒乓球运动员肩关节存在内、外旋肌力不平衡,实验组优势臂内旋IR(180°/s)、IR(300°/s)相对峰力矩明显大于非优势臂(P<0.001),优势臂外旋ER(180°/s)、ER(300°/s)峰力矩与非优势臂相比,差异不具有显著性意义(P>0.05);实验组优势臂外旋/内旋峰力矩比值(ER/IR)明显小于非优势臂.  相似文献   

2.
《体育与科学》2017,(6):105-109
目的:通过对江苏游泳项目运动员的肩关节旋转肌力-肩损伤的队列研究,探寻肩部旋转肌力和肩关节损伤的因果关系,为肩损伤的预防和康复,提供更为有力的支持和指导。方法:对游泳运动员进行肩关节等速旋转肌力的测试,在随后的26个月内,采集受试运动员肩关节损伤发生率。用生存分析的方法得出旋转肌力指标和肩关节损伤风险的关系,为被动治伤和积极防伤提供参考。结果:男子运动员的外旋肌力量作为降低风险的因素存在(p=0.000),女子运动员的外旋肌力量作为降低风险的因素存在(p=0.003)。结论:从预防游泳运动员肩关节损伤的角度,应该积极加强肩部外旋肌力的训练。  相似文献   

3.
我国青少年女子垒球投手肩关节运动的检测分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文
宋校能  徐辉 《体育科研》2009,30(1):78-80
通过应用超声波动力学测量仪和等速仪器分别对8名青少年女子垒球投手和8名普通中学生肩关节内、外旋活动范围、内外旋肌力进行测量，探讨青少年女子垒球投手肩关节旋转运动特征。发现垒球投手优势臂的外旋活动范围明显大于非优势臂；而其优势臂的内旋活动范围则显著小于非优势臂，优势臂的整个旋转活动范围也明显比非优势臂小；对照组的优势臂和非优势臂旋转活动范围差异无显著性，垒球投手肩关节存在。内、外旋肌力不平衡，实验组优势臂外旋／内旋峰力矩比值明显小于非优势臂，实验组优势臂内旋相对峰力矩明显大于非优势臂（p〈0．001），优势臂外旋峰力矩与非优势臂相比无明显差异（P〉0．05）。  相似文献   

4.
应用Cybex-6000等速仪器分别对136名青少年网球运动员盂肱关节内、外旋转肌力进行等速向心肌力测试与评价,分析网球运动员优势臂盂肱关节等速向心肌力特征,比较双侧盂肱关节等速向心肌力差异,探索双侧盂肱关节外旋肌力/内旋肌力比值特征,从而完善网球运动员肩部运动生物力学及有关参数,以期能为探讨网球运动员肩关节损伤的生物力学因素、机制,进而为预防网球运动员肩关节损伤以及指导网球运动员肩关节伤后进行科学的康复训练提供理论依据.  相似文献   

5.
男子皮艇、划艇运动员膝关节等速向心肌力异同性探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
通过应用Cybex-6000等速测试系统对12名男子皮艇运动员和12名划艇运动员膝关节肌力进行测试,以探讨划艇、男子皮艇运动员两个不同项目运动员膝关节肌力特征及差别。测试结果表明:划艇运动员跪腿、非跪腿股四头肌峰力矩在360°/s和90°/s上均大于男子皮艇运动员,而划艇运动员绳肌峰力矩与男子皮艇运动员无明显差异;而划艇运动员双侧绳肌峰力矩(90°/s)差异程度显著大于男子皮艇运动员;划艇运动员在90°/s的速度下测得的股四头肌/绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)要显著高于男子皮艇运动员;随着角速度的增快(90°/s→360°/s),并且划艇运动员和男子皮艇运动员股四头肌/绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)均随之增大;没有发现不同水平的球员之间膝关节等速肌力测试结果存在很大差异。  相似文献   

6.
研究目的：对腰痛羽毛球运动员的部分功能进行测试，观察其活动范围、肌肉力量、肌电活动以及相应对称性。为了解羽毛球运动员损伤机制发生提供科学依据。研究对象：6名腰痛羽毛球运动员（男运动员4名，女运动员2名）。研究方法：对研究对象分别进行日本矫正外科协会（JOA）评分量表、躯干旋转、胸椎旋转、髋关节内外旋活动度、躯干等速旋转力量、等长背伸活动的肌电活动测试，并观察两侧差异比的平均值。研究结果：（1）腰痛运动员的躯干旋转、胸椎旋转以及髋关节外旋活动度平均差异比为（31.98±21.53）%，（19.8±17.08）%，（13.81±4.43）%大于10%，仅髋关节内旋活动度平均差异比为（5.62±5.63）%小于10%。胸椎和髋关节旋转动度有减小的趋势；（2）等速躯干旋转两侧峰力矩和平均功率差异没有显著性意义，峰力矩平均差异比为（5.45±1.78）%小于10%，而平均功率平均差异比为（12.78±11.40）%大于10%；（3）在等长背伸活动中，竖脊肌肌电活动的平均两侧差异比为（14.18±9.84）%大于10%，而多裂肌肌电活动的平均两侧差异比（9.90±7.92）%接近10%；竖脊肌和多裂肌的中位频率斜率（Median Frequency slope，MFs）均出现下降的趋势，但两侧差异比为（4.68±3.17）%，（5.35±5.40）%小于10%。结论：（1）腰痛羽毛球运动员躯干旋转、胸椎旋转、髋关节外旋活动范围存在对称性问题，且胸椎旋转、髋关节旋转有减少趋势；（2）躯干等速旋转平均功率存在对称性问题；（3）等长背伸任务中，竖脊肌和多裂肌出现疲劳，肌电活动存在对称性问题。  相似文献   

7.
目的：研究高校游泳运动员专项训练引起的肩关节肌力变化。方法：对参加暑期集训的30名高校游泳运动员（16名女性，14名男性）进行肩关节内旋、外旋等长肌力测试。结果：肩关节内旋（IR）肌力在整个游泳集训过程中显著增长，肩关节外旋（ER）肌力从训练前到训练中期显著增长，而从训练中期到训练后无明显变化，肩关节内旋／外旋肌力（IR／ER）比值也因此增大。建议：游泳训练中为了预防肩部损伤的发生，我们应该注重肩关节外旋肌力。  相似文献   

8.
文章运用运动解剖学理论,分析了山东体育学院运动训练专业50名羽毛球运动员肩关节屈肌、伸肌、内收肌、外展肌、内旋肌和外旋肌损伤的原因及运动防护,探讨了羽毛球运动员肩关节肌肉损伤与羽毛球运动技术的关系,为提高运动技术及预防肌肉损伤提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

9.
通过对两名高水平女子链球运动员双侧的髋关节和膝关节进行等速测试,探究运动员髋关节和膝关节周围肌群的生物力学特性,为运动训练和运动康复等提供理论依据。利用等速肌力测试系统对两名运动员的髋关节和膝关节屈伸肌群以及髋关节的旋内旋外肌群进行等速测试。结果发现:两名运动员双侧髋关节和膝关节屈伸肌群以及髋关节的旋内旋外肌群的峰力矩随测试速度的增加呈递减趋势,髋膝关节峰力矩屈伸比和髋关节旋内旋外比随既定测试速度的增加呈递增趋势;同一测试速度下,伸肌肌群的峰力矩大于屈肌肌群,髋关节旋外肌群的峰力矩大于旋内肌群。  相似文献   

10.
运用Cybex-Norm等速测试系统对广东省女子垒球运动员腕、肩和双侧膝关节进行等速向心测试。得出结论:(1)三名投手腕关节伸肌肌力均大于屈肌肌力;(2)三名投手肩关节肌力薄弱,应该找到更有针对性的力量训练方法;(3)陈滢伊和林月娥双侧膝关节肌力不平衡,不能充分利用地面反作用力。  相似文献   

11.
棒球投手肩关节旋转运动特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
棒球比赛中,投手是一支球队的灵魂,在很大程度上决定全局的比赛。肩部力量素质和活动范围是投手有效投球的基础,在很大程度上决定投球技术、机能的发挥。肩关节既是躯干和上肢的连结点,又是上肢运动的支点,是保证上肢完成三维活动的重要结构[1]。因此,肩关节在棒球运动中发挥着  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

Table tennis requires rapid and extreme movements that may result in shoulder adaptations, such as glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, which is a risk factor for several injuries. This study compared range of motion of internal and external rotation and total rotation motion of glenohumeral joint between dominant and non-dominant shoulders of table tennis players. This is a cross-sectional observational study. Twenty healthy male table tennis players that were enrolled in an official table tennis league took part in this study (mean age: 22.9 ± 12.9 years, time of sports practice: 6.2 ± 7.12 years). Measurements of passive glenohumeral external rotation and internal rotation were taken with the individuals in the supine and sidelying positions. Total rotation motion was calculated by summing external and internal rotations. The dominant side showed decreased internal rotation when compared to non-dominant side in both supine (mean difference: 14.9°, p = 0.02) and sidelying positions (mean difference: 16.3°, p = 0.01). No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for external rotation and total rotation motion between dominant and non-dominant shoulders. The findings indicate that table tennis players exhibit glenohumeral internal rotation deficit of dominant shoulder.  相似文献   

13.
Much research has examined shoulder range of motion adaptations in overhead-unilateral athletes. Based on the void examining overhead-bilateral athletes, especially competitive swimmers, we examined shoulder external rotation, isolated internal rotation, composite internal rotation, and total arc of motion range of motion of competitive swimmers. The range of motion of registered competitive swimmers (n = 144, age = 12-61 years) was compared by limb (dominant, non-dominant), sex, and age group (youth, high school, college, masters). Significantly (P < 0.05) greater dominant external rotation was observed for both men and women high school and college swimmers, youth women swimmers, and men masters swimmers compared with the non-dominant limb. The isolated internal rotation (glenohumeral rotation), composite internal rotation (glenohumeral rotation plus scapulothoracic protraction), and total arc of motion (external rotation plus composite internal rotation) of the non-dominant limb was significantly greater than that of the dominant limb by sex and age group. Youth and high school swimmers demonstrated significantly greater composite internal rotation than college and masters swimmers. Youth swimmers displayed significantly greater total arc of motion than all other age groups. These data will aid in the interpretation of shoulder range of motion values in competitive swimmers during preseason screenings, injury evaluations and post-rehabilitation programmes, with the results suggesting that differences exist in bilateral external rotation, isolated internal rotation, composite internal rotation, and total arc of motion range of motion.  相似文献   

14.
In volleyball, the dominant shoulder of the athlete undergoes biomechanical and morphological adaptations; however, definitive conclusions about their exact nature, aetiology, purpose and associations with shoulder injury have not been reached. We present a systematic review of the existing literature describing biomechanical adaptations in the dominant shoulders of volleyball players and factors that may predispose to shoulder pain/injury. A thorough literature search via Medline, EMBASE and SCOPUS was conducted for original studies of volleyball players and 15 eligible articles were identified. Assessment of study quality was performed using the STROBE statement. The reviewed literature supports the existence of a glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and a possible (and less pronounced) external rotation gain in the dominant vs. the non-dominant shoulder of volleyball athletes. Unlike other overhead sports, the GIRD in volleyball athletes appears to be anatomical as a response to the repetitive overhead movements and not to be associated with shoulder pain/injury. Additionally, the dominant shoulder exhibits muscular imbalance, which appears to be a significant risk factor for shoulder pain. Strengthening of the external rotators should be used alongside shoulder stretching and joint mobilisations, core strengthening and optimisation of spike technique as part of injury management and prevention programmes.  相似文献   

15.
Training a non-dominant limb may increase a competitor's ability to perform with either side of his or her body and confer an advantage over competitors that use one side of the body exclusively. The aim of this study was to determine the kinematic differences between dominant and non-dominant arm throwing techniques for speed and accuracy in Under-17 and Under-19 high-performance cricketers. Seven participants performed ten throws for each arm (dominant/non-dominant) and condition (speed/accuracy) at a target positioned 10 m in front of them. Three-dimensional kinematic variables were measured using a Vicon motion analysis system. Digital footage was used to calculate stride data, ball speed, and record target accuracy. Data were analysed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and chi-squared tests. The non-dominant arm throws had significantly lower maximum lead knee lift, did not extend the lead knee in the arm acceleration phase, had significantly less elbow flexion before extension, had significantly less shoulder external rotation at the start of the arm acceleration phase, did not have a delay between the initiation of pelvic and upper torso internal rotation, and displayed a less than optimal coordination pattern. A speed–accuracy trade-off existed for the dominant arm throws. No trade-off was identified for the non-dominant arm throws. Through an enhanced understanding of how throwing technique varies between dominant and non-dominant arms, an opportunity exists for a performance-enhancing programme to be implemented so that ambidexterity of the throwing skill can be improved.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

This study aimed to elucidate the movements requiring greater trunk accelerations and its frequencies during badminton games, and compare the acceleration components among such movements. Trunk acceleration was measured using a triaxial accelerometer during badminton games. The moments that generated >4 G resultant acceleration were extracted, and movements consistent with the extracted moments were identified. We calculated the extracted movement ratio and frequency and compared the resultant, mediolateral, vertical and anteroposterior accelerations between the top five extracted movements. There were 1,342 movements that generated >4 G [mean, 7.72 (95% confidence interval, 7.31–8.14) cases/min]. The top five movements were lunging during underhand strokes with the dominant hand side leg, landing after overhand strokes on the dominant and non-dominant hand side leg, and cutting from a split step using the dominant and non-dominant hand side leg. Landing on the dominant hand side leg had a greater resultant acceleration than the other movements and had the greatest impact during the badminton game. Lunging during underhand strokes on the dominant hand side leg had greater mediolateral acceleration than the other movements. These results reflected the properties of badminton.  相似文献   

17.
Training a non-dominant limb may increase a competitor's ability to perform with either side of his or her body and confer an advantage over competitors that use one side of the body exclusively. The aim of this study was to determine the kinematic differences between dominant and non-dominant arm throwing techniques for speed and accuracy in Under-17 and Under-19 high-performance cricketers. Seven participants performed ten throws for each arm (dominant/non-dominant) and condition (speed/accuracy) at a target positioned 10 m in front of them. Three-dimensional kinematic variables were measured using a Vicon motion analysis system. Digital footage was used to calculate stride data, ball speed, and record target accuracy. Data were analysed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and chi-squared tests. The non-dominant arm throws had significantly lower maximum lead knee lift, did not extend the lead knee in the arm acceleration phase, had significantly less elbow flexion before extension, had significantly less shoulder external rotation at the start of the arm acceleration phase, did not have a delay between the initiation of pelvic and upper torso internal rotation, and displayed a less than optimal coordination pattern. A speed-accuracy trade-off existed for the dominant arm throws. No trade-off was identified for the non-dominant arm throws. Through an enhanced understanding of how throwing technique varies between dominant and non-dominant arms, an opportunity exists for a performance-enhancing programme to be implemented so that ambidexterity of the throwing skill can be improved.  相似文献   

18.
目的：探索跆拳道运动员前横踢动作下肢优势侧和非优势侧的运动生物力学特征差异性。方法：采用Vicon三维运动捕捉系统、Kistler三维测力台和Deado电子护具计分系统,采集13名跆拳道运动员前横踢动作下有效得分时髋、膝、踝关节的运动学和动力学数据,使用Visual3D软件对采集数据进行逆向运动学和动力学计算,并对结果采用配对样本T检验的方法进行差异性分析。结果：(1)进攻腿：髋关节屈曲力矩峰值、膝关节伸展力矩峰值优势侧大于非优势侧(p<0.05),膝关节屈曲最大角度优势侧大于非优势侧(p<0.01),髋关节伸展力矩峰值、外展最大角度非优势侧大于优势侧(p<0.01)。(2)支撑腿：髋关节屈曲幅度、屈曲功率峰值、外展功率峰值优势侧大于非优势侧(p<0.05),髋关节外展力矩峰值、膝关节伸展力矩峰值优势侧大于非优势侧(p<0.01),髋关节伸展角速度峰值、踝关节跖屈力矩峰值非优势侧大于优势侧(p<0.05),髋关节外展角速度峰值、膝关节屈曲力矩峰值、踝关节旋外角速度峰值非优势侧大于优势侧(p<0.01)。(3)进攻腿击打力度值及进攻腿和支撑腿垂直...  相似文献   

19.
The aims of our study were to compare the dominant (DOM) and non-dominant (NDOM) shoulders of high-level volleyball athletes and identify possible associations of shoulder adaptations with spike speed (SS) and shoulder pathology. A total of 22 male volleyball players from two teams participating in the first division of the Cypriot championship underwent clinical shoulder tests and simple measurements around their shoulder girdle joints bilaterally. SS was measured with the use of a sports speed radar. Compared with the NDOM side, the DOM scapula was more lateralised, the DOM dorsal capsule demonstrated greater laxity, the DOM dorsal muscles stretching ability was compromised, and the DOM pectoralis muscle was more lengthened. Players with present or past DOM shoulder pain demonstrated greater laxity in their DOM dorsal capsule, tightening of their DOM inferior capsule, and lower SS compared with those without shoulder pain. Dorsal capsule measurements bilaterally were significant predictors of SS. None of the shoulder measurements was associated with team roles or infraspinatus atrophy, while scapular lateralisation was more pronounced with increasing years of experience, and scapular antetilting was greater with increasing age. Adaptations of the DOM shoulder may be linked to pathology and performance. We describe simple shoulder measurements that may have the potential to predict chronic shoulder injury and become part of injury prevention programmes. Detailed biomechanical and large prospective studies are warranted to assess the validity of our findings and reach more definitive conclusions.  相似文献   

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