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1.
实行主客场赛制后我国男篮甲级队训练负荷安排的特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用文献研究、调查、现场观察、个案研究等方法,对我国男篮甲级队实行主客场赛制后的训练负荷安排问题进行了研究。结果表明:男篮甲级队赛季前每天的训练量已达到较大程度(一般为4.5～5h),赛季前小周期(周)的负荷变化有2种类型。赛季前负荷量和负荷强度的安排显著高于赛季中。体现出赛季前准备期的特点,同时赛季中小周期也保持一定的负荷。赛季前有必要安排一定的比赛负荷,热身赛以3～5次为宜,最后一次热身赛距正式比赛7～15 d为佳。 相似文献
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短道速滑项目夏季训练与赛季训练的不同在于夏季训练没有比赛的干扰,教练员可以更好、更合理地安排训练,运动员也可以在相对完整的训练中迅速恢复、积累体能,提高竞技能力。所以夏季训练是短道速滑运动员最为系统的训练,是决定运动员赛季成绩优劣的关键性基础阶段。因此,对短道速滑项目夏季训练的时期划分、训练内容和运动负荷的安排等训练问题更具研究价值。通过对黑龙江省短道速滑队夏季训练阶段运动负荷的监测表明,夏季训练的时间为4～9月,共计21周,划分为四个阶段;训练内容安排的比列为冰上专项练习占总训练内容的65%,而陆地模仿练习及力量练习占整个练习时间的15%和10%,跑步、跳跃与其他练习各占5%;运动负荷的安排与特点为负荷强度成一条上升的斜线,由第1周到第21周依次逐渐升高,而负荷量却呈倒V字型,由第一阶段的低到二三阶段的高再到第四阶段的低,具有鲜明的训练负荷节奏变化安排的特征,对国家短道速滑队备战2014年索契冬奥会具有一定的训练参考价值。 相似文献
3.
优秀运动员大赛前竞技状态调控的时间学规律（下）——中短期赛前训练诸训练学因素的时间学特征及总体时域调控模型的确立 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
3.5 中短期赛前训练各相关训练学因素的时间学特征与中短期赛前训练相关的因素很多，它们都有不同程度、不同表现方式的时间学特征。本研究着重对中短期赛前训练中的比赛、负荷、恢复和高原训练等四方面安排、调控的时间学规律和特征做进一步的深入研究，以供教练员中短期赛前训练时参考。3.5.1 比赛因素的时间学特征3.5.1.1 中短期赛前训练中热身赛的时间安排大赛前的中短期赛前训练阶段将参加一定次数的、不同等级的热身赛，以此来促使运动员最佳竞技状态能有计划地在重大比赛中调控出来。而这些热身赛的安排均有严格的时间要求，过早不行… 相似文献
4.
悉尼奥运会刚刚在１０月１日闭幕,ＮＢＡ新赛季训练营就在１０月３日拉开了帷幕。２９支劲旅刚经过一周的磨合和调整,就在１０月９日开始了新赛季前的热身赛。这次季前赛的结束日期是１０月２７日,历时１９天。 作为新赛季的前哨战,各支球队对热身赛的重视程度并不一样,而比赛情况也同样不能完全反映球队的实力。各队的目的都是希望在热身赛中检验球队的训练成果,加紧进行阵容的磨合,争取在比赛中发现问题并解决问题,以达到为新赛季完全做好准备的目的。截至１０月１５日,在已经进行的６天比赛中,上赛季各个强队的成绩很不理想,… 相似文献
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通过总结2007—2008赛季国家的训练内容、中外选手的技术现状及国内外选手水池、雪上高难度动作完成情况,对2010年冬季奥运会自由式空中技巧的参赛动作难度进行了预测。并根据2007—2008赛季国家自由式空中技巧队队员难新动作的完成情况,制定了2008—2009赛季的训练方针,迎战2010年冬奥会,力争实现参赛目标。 相似文献
7.
优秀运动员赛前训练方法,手段的安排特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用问卷调查与数理统计分析等研究方法,对优秀运动员赛前训练方法、手段的安排特征进行探讨。结果显示,赛前的训练方法、手段与平时有较大差别,较多地采用模拟比赛、测验比赛、高原训练等方法;另外,热身赛也是赛前训练的重要手段。 相似文献
8.
运用文献资料法,结合自身实践经历讨论篮球主客场赛季训练的三大特点,分别从篮球比赛训练内容和手段、负荷特点、调控竞技状态及恢复训练四方面重点分析篮球主客场赛季训练模式,为篮球比赛和训练提供参考。 相似文献
9.
冬训是竞技状态形成的重要阶段,运动员最佳竞技状态的形成,依赖于冬训训练计划的科学性及实施的效果.抓好冬训有利于运动员竞技能力的提高.本文采用文献资料法、调查法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法等研究方法对广西优秀短跑运动员2006-2007年冬训训练内容、训练安排等方面进行分析研究.结果显示:广西优秀短跑运动更冬训训练安排特点是:冬训时间为20周,每周训练7～8次,共139次课.其中,速度训练28次、速度耐力训练32次、力量训练51次、一般耐力训练22次、技术训练38次;广西优秀短跑运动员冬训训练内容主要是身体训练和技术训练.专项身体训练比重大,占总训练课次的65.5%;技术训练的主要内容是起跑技术和全程节奏跑技术;力量训练的特点是训练强度大、训练手段多样化,以发展髋部肌肉群的力量为主.突出快速力量、平衡力量的训练. 相似文献
10.
对参加梧州春训的13支U—19足球队的409份课时训练计划进行了数据统计分析,运用训练周期理论对U—19足球队春训训练课次、训练内容和负荷安排加以改进,旨在建立合理、科学的春训训练模式。 相似文献
11.
为探索拳击运动员赛前训练期间机能变化规律,对我省优秀年轻运动员迎接全国比赛期间赛前训练的部分生化指标进行了监测.结果提示:赛前训练期拳击运动员的血色素(HB)和尿素氮(BUN)波动幅度不大(P＞0.05);血睾酮(T)在赛前训练中期出现下降(P＜0.05);血乳酸(BLA)在赛前训练中后期持续上升;肌酸激酶(CK)在赛前训练初期就出现较大幅度的变化(P＜0.01),中后期恢复正常.结论:不同的运动员在同一和/或不同一赛前训练期其机能变化规律各不相同,除HB外,其它指标均存在个体差异. 相似文献
12.
The aim of this study was to quantify the physiological loads of programmed "pre-season" and "in-season" training in professional soccer players. Data for players during each period were included for analysis (pre-season, n = 12; in-season, n = 10). We monitored physiological loading of training by measuring heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Training loads were calculated by multiplying RPE score by the duration of training sessions. Each session was sub-categorized as physical, technical/tactical, physical and technical/tactical training. Average physiological loads in pre-season (heart rate 124 ± 7 beats · min(-1); training load 4343 ± 329 Borg scale · min) were higher compared with in-season (heart rate 112 ± 7 beats · min(-1); training load 1703 ± 173 Borg scale · min) (P < 0.05) and there was a greater proportion of time spent in 80-100% maximum heart rate zones (18 ± 2 vs. 5 ± 2%; P < 0.05). Such differences appear attributable to the higher intensities in technical/tactical sessions during pre-season (pre-season: heart rate 137 ± 8 beats · min(-1); training load 321 ± 23 Borg scale · min; in-season: heart rate 114 ± 9 beats · min(-1); training load 174 ± 27 Borg scale · min; P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that pre-season training is more intense than in-season training. Such data indicate that these adjustments in load are a direct attempt to deliver training to promote specific training adaptations. 相似文献
13.
Shaun J. McLaren Andrew Smith Jonathan D. Bartlett Iain R. Spears Matthew Weston 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(21):2438-2446
We aimed to compare differentiated training loads (TL) between fitness responders and non-responders to an eight-week pre-season training period in a squad of thirty-five professional rugby union players. Differential TL were calculated by multiplying player’s perceptions of breathlessness (sRPE-B) and leg muscle exertion (sRPE-L) with training duration for each completed session. Performance-based fitness measures included the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRTL1), 10-, 20-, and 30-m linear sprint times, countermovement jump height (CMJ) and predicted one-repetition maximum back squat (P1RM Squat). The proportion of responders (≥ 75% chance that the observed change in fitness was > typical error and smallest worthwhile change) were 37%, 50%, 52%, 82% and 70% for YYIRTL1, 20/30-m, 10-m, CMJ and P1RM Squat, respectively. Weekly sRPE-B-TL was very likely higher in YYIRTL1 responders (mean difference = 18%; ±90% confidence limits 11%), likely lower in 20/30-m (19%; ±20%) and 10-m (18%; ±17%) responders, and likely higher in CMJ responders (15%; ±16%). All other comparisons were unclear. Weekly sRPE-B discriminate between rugby union players who respond to pre-season training when compared with players who do not. Our findings support the collection of differential ratings of perceived exertion and the use of individual response analysis in team-sport athletes. 相似文献
14.
Tae-Seok Jeong Tom Reilly James Morton Sang-Won Bae 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(11):1161-1166
Abstract The aim of this study was to quantify the physiological loads of programmed “pre-season” and “in-season” training in professional soccer players. Data for players during each period were included for analysis (pre-season, n = 12; in-season, n = 10). We monitored physiological loading of training by measuring heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Training loads were calculated by multiplying RPE score by the duration of training sessions. Each session was sub-categorized as physical, technical/tactical, physical and technical/tactical training. Average physiological loads in pre-season (heart rate 124 ± 7 beats · min?1; training load 4343 ± 329 Borg scale · min) were higher compared with in-season (heart rate 112 ± 7 beats · min?1; training load 1703 ± 173 Borg scale · min) (P < 0.05) and there was a greater proportion of time spent in 80–100% maximum heart rate zones (18 ± 2 vs. 5 ± 2%; P < 0.05). Such differences appear attributable to the higher intensities in technical/tactical sessions during pre-season (pre-season: heart rate 137 ± 8 beats · min?1; training load 321 ± 23 Borg scale · min; in-season: heart rate 114 ± 9 beats · min?1; training load 174 ± 27 Borg scale · min; P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that pre-season training is more intense than in-season training. Such data indicate that these adjustments in load are a direct attempt to deliver training to promote specific training adaptations. 相似文献
15.
为探索优秀跆拳道运动员赛前训练期机能变化的规律,本文对我省优秀跆拳道运动员全国锦标赛赛前训练期每周一的部分生化指标进行了跟踪监测。结果提示:1、与基础值相比,赛前训练期的CK变化有显著性差异(P0.01);2、赛前训练期BUN值总体波动范围不大,但控降体重较多的运动员BUN值有显著上升;3、血清肌酸激酶能有效评定跆拳道训练后肌肉所受刺激及疲劳恢复情况。 相似文献
16.
针对我国篮球赛前训练与比赛脱节的表现及原因,提出一天两练负荷安排的依据及负荷合理的搭配模式,为篮球训练"从实战出发"提供有益的借鉴. 相似文献
17.
The purpose of this study was to develop statistical models that estimate the influence of training load on training injury and physical fitness in collision sport athletes. The incidence of training injuries was studied in 183 rugby league players over two competitive seasons. Participants were assessed for height, body mass, skinfold thickness, vertical jump, 10-m, 20-m and 40-m sprint time, agility, and estimated maximal aerobic power in the off-season, pre-season, mid-season, and end-season. Training load and injury data were summarised into pre-season, early-competition, and late-competition training phases. Individual training load, fitness, and injury data were modelled using a logistic regression model with a binomial distribution and logit link function, while team training load and injury data were modelled using a linear regression model. While physical fitness improved with training, there was no association (P=0.16-0.99) between training load and changes in physical fitness during any of the training phases. However, increases in training load during the early-competition training phase decreased (P= 0.04) agility performance. A relationship (P= 0.01-0.04) was observed between the log of training load and odds of injury during each training phase, resulting in a 1.50 - 2.85 increase in the odds of injury for each arbitrary unit increase in training load. Furthermore, during the pre-season training phase there was a relationship (P= 0.01) between training load and injury incidence within the training load range of 155 and 590 arbitrary units. During the early and late-competition training phases, increases in training load of 175-620 arbitrary units and 145-410 arbitrary units, respectively, resulted in no further increase in injury incidence. These findings demonstrate that increases in training load, particularly during the pre-season training phase, increase the odds of injury in collision sport athletes. However, while increases in training load from 175 to 620 arbitrary units during the early-competition training phase result in no further increase in injury incidence, marked reductions in agility performances can occur. These findings suggest that reductions in training load during the early-competition training phase can reduce the odds of injury without compromising agility performances in collision sport athletes. 相似文献
18.
应用生理生化指标对备战第9届全运会散打运动员赛前训练控制的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以参加第 9届全运会决赛的安徽省散打队 1 2名运动员为研究对象 ,应用血乳酸 ( BLA)、血红蛋白 ( HB)、红细胞压积 ( HCT)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶 ( ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶 ( AST)、碱性磷酸酶 ( ALP)、尿素氮 ( BUN)、血尿酸 ( UA)、血肌酐( CRE)、乳酸脱氢酶 ( LDH)、线粒体门冬氨酸氨基转移酸 ( ASTM)、肌酸激酶同功酶( CKMB)、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶 ( HBDH)、肌酸激酶 ( CK)、声光反应时等生理生化指标 ,对运动员赛前训练过程中的运动强度、运动量、机能状态、心功能、肝功能和肾功能等进行了监测、诊断和评定。结果提示 :以上生理生化指标对散打赛前的训练控制具有重要意义。 相似文献
19.
为了解我国高水平女子散打运动员不同赛前时期膝关节屈伸肌等动力量的水平与特征,选择上海体育学院女子散打运动员19名作为研究对象,选取整个赛前集训中一个周期的训练作为训练周期,按经典分期理论进行训练分期。等速肌力的测试采用CONTREX等动测试系统,以向心和离心60°/s的恒定角速度下进行右膝关节测试,同时测试0.2s快速屈伸时的最大伸肌力矩。研究结果:优秀女子散打运动员屈肌相对峰力矩值是(1.13±0.15)Nm/kg,伸肌相对峰力矩值为(2.11±0.33)Nm/kg,屈伸肌力矩比值是(53.0±4.0)%,比赛期达到最高值。健将级女子散打运动员的0.2s最大相对屈肌力矩为(1.053±0.207)Nm/kg,伸肌相对最大力矩健将级为(1.795±0.295)Nm/kg。结论:运动员水平越高,膝关节屈肌力量越高,屈伸肌力矩比值越大,不同赛期屈肌力量不同,比赛期达到最高。 相似文献
20.
Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop statistical models that estimate the influence of training load on training injury and physical fitness in collision sport athletes. The incidence of training injuries was studied in 183 rugby league players over two competitive seasons. Participants were assessed for height, body mass, skinfold thickness, vertical jump, 10-m, 20-m and 40-m sprint time, agility, and estimated maximal aerobic power in the off-season, pre-season, mid-season, and end-season. Training load and injury data were summarised into pre-season, early-competition, and late-competition training phases. Individual training load, fitness, and injury data were modelled using a logistic regression model with a binomial distribution and logit link function, while team training load and injury data were modelled using a linear regression model. While physical fitness improved with training, there was no association (P = 0.16 – 0.99) between training load and changes in physical fitness during any of the training phases. However, increases in training load during the early-competition training phase decreased (P = 0.04) agility performance. A relationship (P = 0.01 – 0.04) was observed between the log of training load and odds of injury during each training phase, resulting in a 1.50 – 2.85 increase in the odds of injury for each arbitrary unit increase in training load. Furthermore, during the pre-season training phase there was a relationship (P = 0.01) between training load and injury incidence within the training load range of 155 and 590 arbitrary units. During the early and late-competition training phases, increases in training load of 175 – 620 arbitrary units and 145 – 410 arbitrary units, respectively, resulted in no further increase in injury incidence. These findings demonstrate that increases in training load, particularly during the pre-season training phase, increase the odds of injury in collision sport athletes. However, while increases in training load from 175 to 620 arbitrary units during the early-competition training phase result in no further increase in injury incidence, marked reductions in agility performances can occur. These findings suggest that reductions in training load during the early-competition training phase can reduce the odds of injury without compromising agility performances in collision sport athletes. 相似文献