共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 484 毫秒
1.
目的:旨在对不同距离、不同泳姿、不同性别、不同年龄段游泳运动员比赛后的血乳酸进行比较;以及纵向观察了伴随成绩的提高相对应的血乳酸变化。方法:记录浙江游泳队56名运动员的预决赛成绩和赛后乳酸值。血乳酸测试的血样采集时间为50m、100m、200m赛后3min;400m赛后1min,采集手指指尖20ul全血,测试仪器为德国EKF BIOSEN C-LINE乳酸分析仪。研究结果:不同距离游泳赛后以200m赛后乳酸水平最高;男子赛后乳酸水平要高于女子;不同泳姿赛后乳酸水平以仰泳最高;低年龄段运动员赛后乳酸水平低于中高年龄段;不同距离赛后成绩与乳酸水平的纵向比较,随着运动成绩的提高,赛后乳酸也随之提高,但无显著性差异。 相似文献
2.
为研究100m、400m、800m和1 500m4种不同距离全速跑后血乳酸的变化,选取9名志愿者参与实验。结果表明,4种距离全速跑后血乳酸值受主要能量供应系统、运动负荷强度以及运动持续时间的影响;不同距离负荷后的血乳酸值比运动前有明显增加,在不同距离项目之间血乳酸值呈现一定差别,表现在血乳酸含量随运动强度和运动持续时间的增加而增加。根据这种特点可以利用血乳酸评定运动负荷强度以及科学指导训练提供重要的参考依据。 相似文献
3.
游泳比赛后血乳酸变化的纵向观察 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文对不同距离比赛运动员成绩及血乳酸的纵向变化进行了研究。对运动员3年纵向研究表明,随着运动成绩的显著提高,运动员赛后血乳酸显著降低。运动员参加不同距离比赛的血乳酸对比表明,以200米、100米赛后血乳酸最高,400米次之,50米列居第三,800米、1500米赛后血乳酸值最低。在不同泳姿中,仰泳赛后血乳酸最高,蛙泳、蝶泳血乳酸最低。混合泳项目血乳酸较高。 相似文献
4.
目的:为进一步研究100m、400m和1500m三种不同全速跑后血乳酸和心率的变化,选取同一年级同一班共六名志愿者参与本实验。方法:分别记录六名受试者全速跑完100m、400m、1 500m运动前和运动后3min的血乳酸值和心率值。结果:两名受试者进行100m无氧运动后,血乳酸值和心率值均有所升高,但升高幅度较小,血乳酸值最高达7.6mmol/L,心率值最高达154b/min;四名受试者进行400m和1500m有氧运动后,血乳酸值和心率值升高幅度较大,血乳酸值最高达16.2mmol/L,心率值最高达192b/min。结论:人体内的血乳酸含量和心率大小随运动项目的负荷强度和运动持续时间的增加而增加,有氧运动前后血乳酸升高幅度明显高于无氧运动,而无氧运动前后心率升高幅度明显高于有氧运动。因此,可根据血乳酸值和心率值来评定人体运动的负荷强度。 相似文献
5.
选择广东省游泳队游泳运动员为研究对象,对不同距离自由泳赛后血乳酸水平作了比较,研究了赛后血乳酸与成绩的关系,以及纵向观察伴随成绩提高血乳酸水平的变化。结果表明:自由泳中,100m和200m赛后血乳酸最高,血乳酸水平与成绩不存在显著相关。半年多的纵向观测显示,随运动成绩的提高,乳酸水平显著提高。 相似文献
6.
选择广东省游泳队游泳运动员为研究对象,对不同距离自由泳赛后血乳酸水平作了比较,研究了赛后血乳酸与成绩的关系以及纵向观察伴随成绩提高血乳酸水平的变化。结果表明：自由泳中,100m和200m赛后血乳酸最高,血乳酸水平与成绩不存在显著相关。纵向观测随运动成绩的提高,乳酸水平显著提高。 相似文献
7.
现代男子400m跑运动的多元分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
张继辉 《武汉体育学院学报》2003,37(1):90-91
运用回归分析、因子分析、聚类分析的方法，对世界优秀400m跑运动员的各分段100m成绩与总成绩进行研究。揭示了分段100m与400m成绩之间的相关关系和当今世界优秀选手的基本特征，为400m运动成绩的提高提供科学依据，具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
8.
世界优秀男子400m跑运动员速度分配特征的新视角分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用相关分析、回归分析、因子分析等研究方法,对世界优秀男子400 m跑运动员的各分段50m时间与总成绩进行分析。揭示各分段50m与400m成绩之间的相关关系和当今世界优秀男子400m跑运动员速度分配的基本特征,为提高我国男子400 m跑运动成绩提供科学借鉴。 相似文献
9.
根据短跑运动技术特征及400m全程的负荷性质，运用灰色关联分析法对世界优秀男子400m选手的50m分段成绩进行量化分析，将400m全程合理划分为6个阶段：0～50m（起跑及加速段）、50～100m（进一步加速段）、100～200m（最高速度段）、200～250m（过滤段)、250～350m（速度耐力段）、350～400m（冲刺段），并针对这6个阶段，分别提出了相应的训练新思路和亟待解决的问题。 相似文献
10.
文章主要对高校优秀短跑运动员进行不同距离的速度练习后的血乳酸进行研究,经测试结果发现,30m-40m重复跑每次跑后的血乳酸无显著性差异,45m-60m距离跑后血乳酸急剧升高,形成血乳酸激增的转折阶段,60m与80m重复跑每次跑后的血乳酸值亦无显著差异,但60m和80m跑段的血乳酸值与30m-45m相比,差异非常显著。在此30m-45m距离是发展磷酸原系统供能能力的最适跑距,之后的60-80m主要发展速度耐力。 相似文献
11.
白文涛 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2008,26(3):114-116
中长跑运动成绩的提高主要取决于比赛过程运动员速度素质和耐力素质的结合。中长跑是典型的周期性耐力项目,其高＂速度＂持续跑的专项速度耐力是其突出特征,只有具备较高的速度能力素质和良好的耐力素质及速度力量的结合,运动员才可能在比赛中战胜对手,取得好的成绩。以400m加速跑后600m慢跑作为缓冲的训练,是遵循科学原则、遵循能控制生理和心理对训练有所应激的原则,把生物力学、生理学、心理学的基本知识循序渐进地系统地灵活地运用到运动员的身上,以加强运动员的潜能的挖掘,使运动员在比赛中发挥出最大水平。 相似文献
12.
通过对我国优秀皮划艇激流回旋运动员赛前集训血乳酸浓度监测来反映运动员常用训练手段训练强度的合理性。结果表明：针对灵敏因子、速度耐力因子与力量柔韧因子的训练手段的训练强度较低，而速度爆发力因子及腹肌因子的训练手段的训练强度适中。 相似文献
13.
The neural activation (iEMG) and selected stride characteristics of six male sprinters were studied for 100-, 200-, 300- and 400-m experimental sprints, which were run according to the velocity in the 400 m. Blood lactate (BLa) was analysed and drop jumps were performed with EMG registration at rest and after each sprint. Running velocity (P less than 0.001) and stride length (P less than 0.05) decreased and contact time increased (P less than 0.01) during the 400-m sprint. The increase in contact time was greatest immediately after runs of 100 and 300 m. The peak BLa increased and the rate of BLa accumulation decreased with running distance (P less than 0.001). The height of rise of the centre of mass in the drop jumps was smaller immediately after the 300 m (P less than 0.05) and the 400 m (P less than 0.01) than at rest, and it correlated negatively with peak BLa (r = -0.77, P less than 0.001). The EMG and EMG:running velocity ratio increased with running distance. It was concluded that force generation of the leg muscles had already begun to decrease during the first quarter of the 400-m sprint. The deteriorating force production was compensated for until about 200-300 m. Thereafter, it was impossible to compensate for fatigue and the speed of running dropped. According to this study, fatigue in the 400-m sprint among trained athletes is mainly due to processes within skeletal muscle rather than the central nervous system. 相似文献
14.
我国男子400m跑成绩与世界水平的差距及其对策研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从能量类供应的特点来看，400m跑属于糖酵解代谢类型。由于认识的偏差，曾认为400m跑属于体能类中耐力性中跑项目，导致训练以速度耐力为主，速度为辅，影响了我国男子400m成绩的进一步提高。笔者认为400m训练应把速度和速度耐力放在同等重要地位，同时加强步幅训练的比重，重视力量素质及腰、腹肌力量的训练。这是我国男子400m缩短与世界先进水平差距的有效措施。 相似文献
15.
运用文献资料法、数据统计法等，对我国优秀男子400米运动员郭钟泽在天津全运会中的比赛成绩进行分段计时，分析其分段距离与各分段速度及与世界优秀运动员在速度分配上的差异。研究得出我国男子优秀400米运动员与国外优秀运动员成绩差异主要在T3分段，突破T3分段，将会拉近与世界优秀运动员成绩的差距。通过郭钟泽的个案研究，从实践上验证了男子优秀400米运动员分段距离与分段成绩、前后200米差值及总步数与步长特点关系是相互影响的。同时，提出了提高绝对速度是400米跑运动员的首要任务，加强速度耐力训练是400米跑运动员的基础，优化技术结构是400米跑运动员的关键。 相似文献
16.
Acclimatization to altitude and normoxic training improve 400-m running performance at sea level 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
To investigate the benefits of 'living high and training low' on anaerobic performance at sea level, eight 400-m runners lived for 10 days in normobaric hypoxia in an altitude house (oxygen content = 15.8%) and trained outdoors in ambient normoxia at sea level. A maximal anaerobic running test and 400-m race were performed before and within 1 week of living in the altitude house to determine the maximum speed and the speeds at different submaximal blood lactate concentrations (3, 5, 7, 10 and 13 mmol x l(-1)) and 400-m race time. At the same time, ten 400-m runners lived and trained at sea level and were subjected to identical test procedures. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that the altitude house group but not the sea-level group improved their 400-m race time during the experimental period (P < 0.05). The speeds at blood lactate concentrations of 5-13 mmol x l(-1) tended to increase in the altitude house group but the response was significant only at 5 and 7 mmol x l(-1) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, resting blood pH was increased in six of the eight altitude house athletes from 0.003 to 0.067 pH unit (P < 0.05). The results of this study demonstrate improved 400-m performance after 10 days of living in normobaric hypoxia and training at sea level. Furthermore, the present study provides evidence that changes in the acid-base balance and lactate metabolism might be responsible for the improvement in sprint performance. 相似文献
17.
The aim of this study was to assess the responses of blood lactate and pyruvate during the lactate minimum speed test. Ten participants (5 males, 5 females; mean +/- s: age 27.1 +/- 6.7 years, VO 2max 52.0 +/- 7.9 ml kg -1 min -1 ) completed: (1) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved supramaximal sprint exercise to invoke a metabolic acidosis before the completion of an incremental treadmill test (this results in a ‘U-shaped’ blood lactate profile with the lactate minimum speed being defined as the minimum point on the curve); (2) a standard incremental exercise test without prior sprint exercise for determination of the lactate threshold; and (3) the sprint exercise followed by a passive recovery. The lactate minimum speed (12.0 +/- 1.4 km h -1 ) was significantly slower than running speed at the lactate threshold (12.4 +/- 1.7 km h -1 ) (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in VO 2 , heart rate or blood lactate concentration between the lactate minimum speed and running speed at the lactate threshold. During the standard incremental test, blood lactate and the lactate-topyruvate ratio increased above baseline values at the same time, with pyruvate increasing above baseline at a higher running speed. The rate of lactate, but not pyruvate, disappearance was increased during exercising recovery (early stages of the lactate minimum speed incremental test) compared with passive recovery. This caused the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio to fall during the early stages of the lactate minimum speed test, to reach a minimum point at a running speed that coincided with the lactate minimum speed and that was similar to the point at which the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline in the standard incremental test. Although these results suggest that the mechanism for blood lactate accumulation at the lactate minimum speed and the lactate threshold may be the same, disruption to normal submaximal exercise metabolism as a result of the preceding sprint exercise, including a three- to five-fold elevation of plasma pyruvate concentration, makes it difficult to interpret the blood lactate response to the lactate minimum speed test. Caution should be exercised in the use of this test for the assessment of endurance capacity. 相似文献
18.
It has previously been shown that measurement of the critical speed is a non-invasive method of estimating the blood lactate response during exercise. However, its validity in children has yet to be demonstrated. The aims of this study were: (1) to verify if the critical speed determined in accordance with the protocol of Wakayoshi et al. is a non-invasive means of estimating the swimming speed equivalent to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) in children aged 10-12 years; and (2) to establish whether standard of performance has an effect on its determination. Sixteen swimmers were divided into two groups: beginners and trained. They initially completed a protocol for determination of speed equivalent to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1). Later, during training sessions, maximum efforts were swum over distances of 50, 100 and 200 m for the calculation of the critical speed. The speeds equivalent to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) (beginners = 0.82 +/- 0.09 m x s(-1), trained = 1.19 +/- 0.11 m x s(-1); mean +/- s) were significantly faster than the critical speeds (beginners = 0.78 +/- 0.25 m x s(-1), trained = 1.08 +/- 0.04 m x s(-1)) in both groups. There was a high correlation between speed at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) and the critical speed for the beginners (r= 0.96, P < 0.001), but not for the trained group (r= 0.60, P> 0.05). The blood lactate concentration corresponding to the critical speed was 2.7 +/- 1.1 and 3.1 +/- 0.4 mmol x l(-1) for the beginners and trained group respectively. The percent difference between speed at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) and the critical speed was not significantly different between the two groups. At all distances studied, swimming performance was significantly faster in the trained group. Our results suggest that the critical speed underestimates swimming intensity corresponding to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) in children aged 10-12 years and that standard of performance does not affect the determination of the critical speed. 相似文献
19.
The aim of this study was to assess the responses of blood lactate and pyruvate during the lactate minimum speed test. Ten participants (5 males, 5 females; mean +/- s: age 27.1+/-6.7 years, VO2max 52.0+/-7.9 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) completed: (1) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved supramaximal sprint exercise to invoke a metabolic acidosis before the completion of an incremental treadmill test (this results in a 'U-shaped' blood lactate profile with the lactate minimum speed being defined as the minimum point on the curve); (2) a standard incremental exercise test without prior sprint exercise for determination of the lactate threshold; and (3) the sprint exercise followed by a passive recovery. The lactate minimum speed (12.0+/-1.4 km x h(-1)) was significantly slower than running speed at the lactate threshold (12.4+/-1.7 km x h(-1)) (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in VO2, heart rate or blood lactate concentration between the lactate minimum speed and running speed at the lactate threshold. During the standard incremental test, blood lactate and the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline values at the same time, with pyruvate increasing above baseline at a higher running speed. The rate of lactate, but not pyruvate, disappearance was increased during exercising recovery (early stages of the lactate minimum speed incremental test) compared with passive recovery. This caused the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio to fall during the early stages of the lactate minimum speed test, to reach a minimum point at a running speed that coincided with the lactate minimum speed and that was similar to the point at which the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline in the standard incremental test. Although these results suggest that the mechanism for blood lactate accumulation at the lactate minimum speed and the lactate threshold may be the same, disruption to normal submaximal exercise metabolism as a result of the preceding sprint exercise, including a three- to five-fold elevation of plasma pyruvate concentration, makes it difficult to interpret the blood lactate response to the lactate minimum speed test. Caution should be exercised in the use of this test for the assessment of endurance capacity. 相似文献