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1.
引才政策空间溢出与创新提升———基于城市空间异质性的实证 《科学学研究》2022,40(12):2138-2149
人才引进政策对区域人才资源及其创新发展具有重要影响。文章采用2014-2019年中国60个大中城市空间面板数据，通过引才政策工具分类建立评价指标，基于要素流动的空间效应构建空间杜宾模型，实证检验引才政策及其空间溢出对区域创新发展的影响。研究发现：引才政策与城市创新绩效之间存在倒U型关系，经济发达地区的引才政策空间优于欠发达地区；引才政策对区域创新绩效的影响存在非线性U型空间溢出，推动区域整体创新能力提升。引才政策的空间溢出效应在不同城市存在显著差异，人才引进的规模效应对区域创新绩效提升具有“边际效应”递增的非线性特征，人才的流动速度与城市创新绩效提升正相关。研究结论对引才政策效果评估、完善地方引才差异化策略和区域人才布局工作具有启示意义。 相似文献
2.
绿色创新是新时代下区域持续健康发展和增强竞争优势的重要途径，对绿色创新绩效的评价是区域提升绿色创新发展质量的基本前提。文章从界定绿色创新绩效的内涵出发，认为绿色创新绩效是过程维度下的“转化效率”与结果维度下的“产出效益”两方面的集成，并依据转化效率与产出效益的高低组合将绿色创新绩效划分成四种水平。在此基础上，选用2005-2015中国30个省市地区工业企业的面板数据对中国各区域绿色创新绩效及其时空差异进行实证分析。结果表明：①考察期内中国绿色创新绩效水平整体呈现波动变化，其中半数以上区域仍处于“低效率、低产出”水平状态，绿色创新的产出与效率已经逐渐实现均衡发展；②绿色创新绩效水平空间差异明显，东部地区最高，其他地区均低于全国平均水平。最后，提出了中国区域未来开展绿色创新活动取得高绩效水平的一些政策建议。 相似文献
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探讨如何优化营商环境,提高区域创新绩效,对推动高质量发展具有重要意义。基于对大数据发展下营商环境影响区域创新绩效的机制分析,以2008—2017年我国地级市及722家民营企业的面板数据为样本,构建动态面板模型,使用SYS-GMM估计法进行实证检验,得出：（1）优化营商环境虽在总体上有利于提升区域创新绩效,但在不同城市存在异质性,呈现出“非省会强、省会弱”的不均衡特征。（2）大数据发展与营商环境优化的契合是区域创新绩效提升的关键,尤其是在省会城市,其作用更强,但囿于技术学习能力,却在非省会城市作用不确定。（3）营商环境优化作用的不均衡区域特征源于交易成本的中介作用存在城市差异,在省会城市,大数据发展能激发出交易成本的中介作用,增强优化营商环境的间接作用,扭转“非省会强、省会弱”的区域不均衡特征,全面激发营商环境优化的创新绩效提升效应。 相似文献
4.
基于国家创新和数字化战略的考虑，各级政府不断加大数字化投入，力求提高区域创新水平，增强区域创新能力。目前，在区域数字化水平对创新绩效影响领域还缺乏相关实证研究成果，特别是县（区、市）层面的研究。基于此，本文采用2015-2017年浙江省73个县（区、市）的面板数据，从数字化接入、装备、平台建设、应用水平四个方面实证研究区域数字化水平对创新绩效的影响。实证研究结果表明：区域数字化接入水平的提高有利于提升创新绩效，区域数字化装备、平台建设、应用水平对创新绩效影响呈现倒U型关系。推进区域数字化建设有利于创新绩效的提高，但需注意协调在不同数字化投入方向上的资源投入不足和过度投入等问题。 相似文献
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结合价值工程理论模型与层次分析法构建区域创新绩效模型,测算2012—2017年中国内地31个省区市创新资源利用情况,并分析区域创新效率水平及空间异质性。结果表明:(1)中国总体创新绩效水平呈现逐年上升的趋势,创新驱动发展战略已现成效;(2)各区域创新绩效水平在地域分布上呈现显著的空间非均衡现象,表现为“东高西低”,其中东部发达地区的创新效率要高于中西部欠发达地区绩效。最后,提出提升区域创新绩效的对策。……… 相似文献
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以推进军民深度融合战略为契机，提升区域创新绩效是在“新常态”背景下促进地区发展的重要手段。鉴于此，本文构造地理距离与经济距离权重，建立动态空间面板模型，利用209个军工上市企业2007-2017年的整合面板数据，实证检验军民融合对区域创新绩效的影响效应，结果显示：（1）军民融合有利于提升区域创新绩效，但邻近地区间军民融合的区域创新绩效提升效应存在“空间竞争性”。（2）区域禀赋差异下，军民融合对创新绩效的带动效应存在显著的区域异质性，在强军民融合区域深化军民融合能有效提升区域创新绩效。（3）区域禀赋差异影响军民融合的空间溢出效应发挥，促使强军民融合区域间更易通过“强强联合”实现整体创新绩效提升，而弱军民融合区域难以通过军民融合撬动空间创新绩效提升。因此，本文提出通过深化“放管服”，保障政策精准性，推进军民融合，提升区域创新绩效。 相似文献
7.
营商环境对国家或地区的创新能力具有根源性的影响，而创新是引领城市发展的首要动力，因此优化营商环境生态从而驱动城市创新绩效成为推动我国高质量发展的重要命题。本文以全国68个创新型城市为案例，运用模糊集定性比较分析方法，探究营商环境生态中各条件对城市创新绩效的联动效应。研究表明：政府效率、人力资源、金融服务、公共服务、市场环境和创新环境6个条件“多重并发”，形成驱动城市创新绩效提升的多样化组态；城市创新绩效的驱动路径具有“殊途同归”的特点，表现为“政府主导下的环境驱动型”“人力资源缺失下的环境弥补型”与“资源—环境协同驱动型”3条路径。组态的空间情境差异分析发现，东部与中西部地区城市创新绩效的提升路径存在明显差别。本文基于组态视角探讨营商环境生态驱动城市创新绩效的提升路径，不仅有助于深化对城市创新绩效背后复杂机制的理解，也能够为各城市如何依据自身营商环境条件推动其创新绩效提升提供系统性思维和实践指导。 相似文献
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创新型城市建设作为中国推进“创新型国家前列”目标的重要举措，对国际国内双循环和服务业高质量发展意义明显。文章以获批创新型城市为研究对象，基于2004—2019年中国地级市与沪深A股服务业上市公司的匹配数据，构建渐进双重差分模型来系统研究试点政策对服务业企业绩效的影响，以及地方产权保护在政策影响企业绩效中的作用路径。研究发现：（1）创新型城市建设可显著提升我国服务业企业的全要素生产率和产出规模，并且试点政策具有时滞性和长期动态性；（2）就影响差异来看，创新型城市建设对知识密集型服务企业和非国有控股企业绩效的提升效果更为明显；（3）法律治理程度和公众保护意识等知识产权保护路径是创新型城市建设提升服务业企业绩效的关键渠道；（4）基于创新意愿和政府距离的政策再评价显示，创新型城市建设可通过增强地方产权保护来激励企业开展自主创新与联合创新行为，从而助推服务业企业绩效提升。同时试点政策对服务业企业绩效的正向效应集中在政府方圆40%分位数距离范围内。 相似文献
9.
当前关于城市绿色创新研究始兴，而针对粤港澳大湾区城市群的相关研究较为缺乏，为全面揭示其绿色创新的时空演变特征，为区域科技进步与绿色高质量发展提供支撑，在定义“城市绿色创新”概念内涵基础上，对标国家“十四五”规划对绿色发展转型提出的要求，结合区域发展特色，引入产业竞争力和公共服务评价指标，构建包括六大维度23个指标的粤港澳大湾区城市群绿色创新评价指标体系，利用2006—2021年相关数据，采用熵值法和BP神经网络方法评价分析其绿色创新水平及时空演变特征，并预测其“十四五”期间的绿色创新水平。结果显示：粤港澳大湾区城市群绿色创新的主要目的和动力为经济增长与科技进步，产业竞争力是其重要组成部分；其整体绿色创新水平年均值变化趋势呈现“平稳发展—稳步提升—迅速增长”的时序特征，城市间发展差距由集中在较低绿色创新水平流动至集中在较高绿色创新水平，空间演变则呈现明显的“一圈两翼”特征，核心城市的增长辐射效应在不断增强，但边缘城市与核心城市存在较大差距成为区域整体绿色创新水平提升难题；其在“十四五”规划期间的发展趋势主要表现为绿色创新水平由较低集中到较高集中的转变，且总体将保持较高水平并呈持续稳健增长... 相似文献
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基于改进的G1-CRITIC-TOPSIS方法构建江苏高校协同创新中心绩效评价模型和可视化系统，对2015年至2019年江苏高校协同创新中心绩效进行静态和动态分析。结果表明，与其他绩效评价模型相比，所提出的绩效评价模型可对协同创新中心的绩效进行客观有效评价；省级协同创新中心的绩效水平与国家级绩效水平差异较大；不同类型的协同创新中心绩效评价结果差异悬殊，行业产业类和区域发展类绩效评价结果显著高于文化传承类和科学前沿类。基于研究发现，提出优化协同创新中心体系建设、建立分类分层绩效评价机制、动态监测协同创新中心运行情况等建议。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
13.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
14.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
15.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
16.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
17.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
18.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
19.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
20.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献