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构建传统产业集群共性技术供给体系——一项对比研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
共性技术供给不足是我国传统产业集群技术创新所面临的主要问题，以产业集群为基础构建共性技术供给体系是推动我国传统产业集群技术创新和升级的关键。产业集群按照集群内部企业的联结方式可以分为横向产业集群和纵向产业集群，分析了这两种类型产业集群基础上的共性技术供给体系的差异，以及地方政府、企业和其他创新主体在建设共性技术供给体系过程中的地位和作用。 相似文献
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围绕上海产业共性技术供给体系的现状,分析高校、科研院所、企业三种关键研发供给主体的优劣势,探讨三者与政府之间开展产业共性技术研究的诉求及动机。从而进一步提出促进产业共性技术研发需求与供给的若干建议,以期为上海产业共性技术研发平台的建设提供参考。 相似文献
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结合共性技术研发过程,提出了共性技术可持续研发行为的概念框架,借鉴Stackelberg主从博弈思想,本文构建了共性技术供给及后续商业开发承担企业、市场收益实现承担企业和政府三方博弈模型,考虑企业在产业中不同的主导地位,研究政府不同补贴对共性技术可持续研发行为的影响。结果表明：政府应谨慎同时提供两类补贴;当共性技术研发努力成本较高时,政府应优先使用研发努力补贴;当市场收益实现承担企业占主导地位,研发努力成本较低时政府应优先选择使用单位成本补贴;无论是否处于主导地位,企业技术水平对政府补贴相关参数均有较大影响,政府制定补贴政策时须给予充分考虑。研究结论为政府补贴政策制定及共性技术研发实践提供了一定的参考。 相似文献
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关键共性技术研发对以特定产业集群为支柱的区域经济实现创新驱动意义重大.在案例分析的基础上,提炼分析了区域创新平台的供给机制,揭示了信息不完全条件下双边区域创新平台的研发成果定价机制.研究发现,区域创新平台的供给是一个类型依赖型博弈主体进行贝叶斯博弈的过程,博弈均衡结果取决于集群企业与区域创新平台研发成本的相对大小;区域创新平台是一个对接研究机构与集群企业技术创新供求的双边协调者,交叉网络外部性等双边特征决定了其实施非均衡两步定价方式,集群企业与平台之间的双方叫价模型是平台实现不对称两步定价的关键机制,而供给主体不同的区域创新平台在研发成果交易性质、均衡交易数量、产业化率等方面存在差异,政府主导型区域创新平台契约性突出,而龙头企业主导型则更具关系性. 相似文献
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产业集群共性技术研发供给模式研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
结合产业集群共性技术供给的"市场失灵"和"组织失灵"特征,分析指出当前产业集群共性技术研发存在供给严重落后于需求之现状,在此基础上,提出建立以政府研发供给为主导、产学研联合研发为辅助、市场研发供给为发展方向的共性技术研发供给战略。 相似文献
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共性技术供给与扩散的模式选择 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李纪珍 《科学学与科学技术管理》2011,32(10)
近年来,我国不断出现共性技术发展的新载体,但缺乏对共性技术供给模式和扩散模式选择的理论指导,需要理论界提出确认共性技术供给模式和扩散模式的一般性原则。首先对现有的共性技术供给和扩散的典型模式实践进行总结,进而提出了识别共性技术特征的两个维度——技术发展阶段和技术共享层次。在此基础上,分析了共性技术供给模式和扩散模式选择的基本原则,并构造了与共性技术特征对应的具体模式选择的理论分析框架。最后以若干共性技术为例,对该框架做了初步验证。 相似文献
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论产业共性技术的供给机理与产业集群 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
共性技术是对整个行业或产业技术水平、产业质量和生产效率都会发挥迅速的带动作用,具有巨大的经济和社会效益的一类技术,其研发成果可共享并对整个产业或多个产业及其企业产生深度影响的一类技术。首先概括总结了共性技术具有基础性、共享性、风险性、外部性、超前性、非独占性、社会效益性的特征;接着分析并归纳出产业共性技术的形成的供给机理是科学、技术和经济的一体化发展、科技研究和开发的分工越来越细和产业集群的发展。最后论证产业共性技术能够提升产业集群的发展。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献