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In this article, we investigate empirically the theoretical split between emphases upon specialist vs trans-specialist knowledge in the organization – or more generally between exploitation and exploration – a split that divides knowledge-flow theory at present, and hence represents an important issue for knowledge management (KM). We review the relevant literature, articulate hypotheses, and employ computational experimentation to test them empirically. Our findings provide novel, insightful understanding of the factors that contribute toward understanding the relative balance between specialist vs trans-specialist knowledge in particular, and exploitation vs exploration more generally. We offer three main contributions: (1) we critique extant theory relating to the substitutability of specialist and interspecialist knowledge; (2) we offer new conceptual insight and empirical evidence concerning substitutability of these knowledge types in the organization; and (3) we demonstrate the empirical power of computational experimentation to examine KM questions of both theoretical and practical interest. 相似文献
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企业隐性知识流动态扩展模型分析 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
本文从隐性知识共享的角度出发,揭示了隐性知识的内涵,综述了国内外关于隐性知识共享的理论方法以及各自的优缺点,通过研究企业业务流程中的关键驻点,建立了隐性知识流的动态扩展模型,分析了企业业务流程之间隐性知识流转移,提出了基于隐性知识流共享和转移机制的研究展望。 相似文献
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作为知识经济时代出现的新兴管理方法,企业知识管理的一个重要的研究课题,是对组织成员和人力资源的知识管理。传统的知识管理方法基于封闭的企业管理历史数据,不能深入地挖掘企业管理知识。本文拟从网络数据的行为建模和多源数据融合的角度,探索新的企业知识管理方法。以企业知识管理为研究目标,以石化企业员工为研究对象,以自然语言分析和处理为模式表示方法,以统计机器学习为知识分析工具,重点研究如何通过网络行为建模和多源数据融合,从而更全方位地对企业员工的性格、日常行为建立一套行之有效的分析机制,实现在开放网络时代的企业知识管理和绩效管理。在石化企业内部的知识管理实验性尝试表明,所提知识管理方法,能够更深入地对企业员工的行为进行分析和理解,能够更有效地将员工行为和企业人力资源中的若干关键指标建立相关性模型,从而为企业的知识管理和决策人员提供强有力的技术支持。 相似文献
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出口是最为普遍的国际化扩张战略,是促进新兴市场企业成长的重要路径。现有研究基于组织学习理论,检验了“出口学习”效应,但较少关注新兴市场企业出口学习结果的差异。本研究通过整合组织学习和注意力基础观理论,基于世界银行2008—2012年对东欧和中亚地区企业经营环境的调查数据,运用Tobit回归,审查了出口战略对创新绩效的影响,并检验了注意力结构化分布对出口学习的调节效应。研究发现：组织注意力的结构化分布,导致了新兴市场企业出口学习结果的异质性。具体而言：（1）新兴市场企业出口战略能够提升其产品和流程创新绩效;（2）国有所有制、财务冗余会提升出口战略对流程创新绩效的正向影响;网络营销能力会提升出口战略对产品创新绩效的正向影响。 相似文献
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企业知识管理能力的模糊综合评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
张新香 《科学学与科学技术管理》2008,29(2):108-112
知识管理能力与企业竞争力之间的正相关关系已得到学术界的论证,为了提升企业的竞争力,评估企业的知识管理能力现状很有必要.考虑目前知识管理能力评价研究较少,指标体系构建存在不足,在分析知识管理能力内涵的基础上,构建了评价指标体系,建立了模糊综合评估模型,通过企业实例描述评估过程,旨在帮助企业发现自身不足,为企业加强知识管理提供参考. 相似文献
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Most of the studies in knowledge management (KM) argue for leadership as a vital success factor for any initiative. Top management leadership enables the effective promotion of knowledge sharing by creating an appropriate organisational culture, and making arrangements for corresponding policies and procedures across the organisation to facilitate management of knowledge resources and practices. There is little empirical research reported that has focussed on capturing the awareness and understanding of KM teams’ constitutions and their responsibilities. This study reports on the survey of top managers with respect to KM strategy development and implementation. It is based on a survey data collected from leading Australian companies, and builds on other empirical case studies, which looked at mechanisms of KM strategy development and implementation. The results provide a better understanding of the roles and responsibilities for successful KM strategy development and implementation, and can assist with designing KM teams in organisations. 相似文献
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当今知识管理研究领域存在着信息技术和组织管理的范式.这种二元对立的范式不利于研究者的交流与沟通,阻碍了知识管理研究的进一步深入发展,应当加以整合.在全面论述知识管理复杂性的基础上,引入复杂科学管理理论,提出整合知识管理研究范式的思路与设想.新范式将知识管理看作一个复杂自适应系统,以复杂科学管理的基本理论为支撑,整合人、组织、管理和技术四大要素,运用综合集成的方法,为知识管理的研究构建统一的规范和科学交流平台,从而有效解决了二元范式对立所带来的障碍,推动知识管理研究的深入发展. 相似文献
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While most of the research in Knowledge Management (KM) has focused on business communities, there is a breadth of potential applications of KM theory and practice to wider society. This paper explores the potential of KM for rural communities, specifically for those that want to preserve their social history and collective memories (what we call heritage) to enrich the lives of others. In KM terms, this is a task of accumulating and recording knowledge (using KM techniques such as story-telling and communities of practice) to enable its retention for future use (by interested people perhaps through KM systems). We report a case study of Cardrona, a valley of approximately 120 people in New Zealand's South Island. Realising that time would erode knowledge of their community a small, motivated group of residents initiated a KM programme to create a legacy for a wider community including younger generations, tourists and scholars. This paper applies KM principles to rural communities that want to harness their collective knowledge for wider societal gain, and develops a community-based framework to inform such initiatives. As a result, we call for a wider conceptualisation of KM to include motives for managing knowledge beyond business performance to accommodate community (cKM). 相似文献
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从二次孵化情景下创新链与产业链融合度,以及企业知识吸收能力两个维度定义新兴产业企业结网策略,基于复杂网络理论构建新兴产业知识网络涌现的动态仿真模型,揭示二次孵化时企业不同结网策略下,新兴产业创新网络和知识水平的演化规律。研究结果表明：企业结网策略会影响创新网络演化和知识涌现。企业采取知识深度、知识宽度和融合导向等三种结网策略时,新兴产业最终都会实现知识网络涌现,但不同策略下创新网络和知识水平演化规律存在差异。在促进产业聚集的同时,吸引和培育异质知识企业,增高创新链与产业链融合度,对提升二次孵化功能具有重要意义。 相似文献
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以工程咨询企业为例来说明知识型服务企业知识存量增长的机理。通过扎根理论研究方法和共生理论的研究框架,研究发现共生是工程咨询企业知识存量增长的主要原因。在一定的共生关系中,核心范畴共生包括共生单元、共生界面和共生环境三大主范畴及一个判别准则信息丰度。共生单元包括质参量(硬实力、软实力)、象参量(资历、合作意愿)和物理参数(共生密度、共生维度)三个影响因子;共生界面包括有形界面和无形界面两个影响因子;共生环境包括内部环境(组织激励、企业氛围、自我满足、组织内部支持)和外部环境(组织外部支持)两个影响因子。在一定共生关系中,上述因素交互作用,最终导致共生的行为过程(即知识共享)和共生的行为结果 (即知识存量)。 相似文献
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基于知识管理的CRM体系架构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
With the formulation of customer-centered competitive strategies in enterprise transformation process, cus-tomer relationship management (CRM) and knowledge management (KM) have become the focus of the enterprises‘ con-cem. This article attempts to guide the enterprise to using the idea, technology and method of KM in implementing CRM,and presents the system structure and main content of KM-based CRM. 相似文献
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This paper reports the findings from a survey conducted in Australia to explore current practices relating to knowledge management (KM) and intellectual capital (IC). A systematic approach in the form of the intellectual capital web guided the research. Findings revealed that KM was perceived to be more about developing knowledge culture than about managing organisational processes and structure. IC was perceived to be more about human capital than about customer capital and organisational capital. It can therefore be concluded that human capital holds the greatest importance for KM and IC. However, when facilitators for knowledge creation and knowledge sharing were rated, organisation structure was perceived to be more important than organisational culture and information technology. For KM practices, participants indicated that more attention was paid to training and developing employees and less to measurement and reward and incentive issues. The importance of aligning the management of IC and KM was perceived to be more important than the difficulty of doing so. 相似文献
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以基于共享心智模型的组织知识创新管理为研究对象,以我国上海、浙江、江苏三地区30家企业120个专门性的组织结构为样本来源,检验了组织知识创新管理中组织共享心智模型作用的各种前因与后果。检验结果表明,组织共享心智模型中的组织隐性知识共享水平与组织内在价值意义共享水平对组织知识创新能力的开发、组织知识创新战略的内在有机集成、组织知识创新成果的内部传播效率皆具有较显著的促进作用,而组织学习、交叉培训、经验交流、组织文化以及组织激励机制等因素则分别构成了组织共享心智模型形成过程中的重要影响前因。研究结论为今后更进一步地探明组织知识创新管理的内在运作机制提供了一个新视角,也为当前各级组织加强自身内在隐性知识资源的开发指明了一个具体的方向。 相似文献
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This paper examines the current knowledge management (KM) research through the lens of Churchman's inquiring systems. These inquiring systems are ideal foundations from which to view KM and its associated research because knowledge creation and organizational learning are critical elements of KM. Churchman proposed that organizations should support knowledge creation and learning through emphasis on problem structure and appropriate inquiring strategies. This paper discusses the characteristics of Churchman's inquirers, the problem structure for which they are most appropriate, and presents examples of each. Then, examples of previous research that share characteristics of the most complex inquirers are discussed. Organizational benefits from the inquiring system approach and guidelines for future research are suggested. 相似文献