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区域高技术产业创新过程效率研究 《科学学研究》2022,40(4):713-722
高技术产业的发展水平关系到一个国家或地区的综合竞争力,科学有效地对区域高技术产业创新过程效率进行评价,对于提升高技术产业的创新能力具有重要意义。本文运用三阶段链式关联网络DEA模型,测算了我国省级区域高技术产业创新整体效率及三个子阶段效率,对创新系统子阶段间的关联有效性以及区域创新过程效率的差异性进行了分类分析。我国高技术产业创新整体效率及三个子阶段效率都有不同程度的提升,但总体来看创新效率值都不高,特别是整体创新效率和成果转化阶段的效率较低;通过对创新效率进行分类分析,发现仅少数区域在知识生产、技术研发和成果转化三个阶段的效率都比较高,表明我国大部分地区创新效率不高,需要根据创新过程中的低效环节,采取相应措施进行改进。 相似文献
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中国科学院技术科学部《我国实现高技术产业化的若干问题》咨询组 《中国科学院院刊》2002,17(3):161-163
1发展现状和问题 改革开放,特别是90年代以来,我国大力推动高技术产业化,国务院组织实施了若干计划,如"863"计划和"火炬"计划,又陆续出台了一系列政策方针,国家还相应地颁布了多种有关法律规章,不断改善法治环境,全国范围已初步形成了有一定特色和一定规模的高技术产业,部分领域或产品已经在国际竞争中占有一席之地.但是,总体而言,我国高技术产业对国民经济的贡献率还不理想,主要表现在:产业内部发展不平衡,技术密集度不高,产品附加值低;自有知识产权少,自主研究开发和引进技术脱节,对引进技术的消化吸收和自主创新能力亟待加强;资金投入不足,专业人才匮乏等方面.这些问题已成为制约我国高技术产业发展的严重障碍.根据国际管理开发院(IMD)的年度国际竞争力报告,1999年科技国际竞争力综合排序,我国在47个国家和地区中列第25位,比上年排名下降了12位.联系到我国近年来大力推进高技术实现产业化,这种排序变化现象不一定准确,但值得我们注意. 相似文献
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基于1996年至2016年的我国省际面板数据,本文聚焦产业要素集聚视角研究高技术产业创新能力的来源,利用莫兰指数(Moran′s I)进行空间相关检验,通过LM等系列检验确定本研究采用空间杜宾模型。结论指出：（1）总体来看我国高技术产业创新能力具有显著的空间集聚特点,创新能力存在区域间的空间正相关;（2）劳动、技术、人才、规模等要素集聚及税收优惠政策都对地区内高技术产业各阶段创新能力发展具有积极作用,资本集聚对产业创新转化存在逆向作用;（3）FDI和政策支持都对我国高技术产业总体创新能力存在约束,原因是FDI与政府资金目的导向差异性所致。 相似文献
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以深圳为案例聚焦城市尺度分行业高技术产业集聚机理研究,对分行业领域的高新技术企业空间集聚与城市创新能力进行定量分析,以期从创新地理视角为城市创新能力提升提供经验研究和政策建议.研究发现,科技服务业与高技术产业协同发展对于城市创新能力提升具有重要意义.高技术产业集聚具有一定的路径依赖与空间依赖效应,随着创新活动的深入城市创新型空间出现网络化布局的新趋势.高技术产业集聚不仅与经济基础、劳动力规模等传统区位因素有关,创新氛围、协同功能对创新集聚的影响将进一步扩大.随着城市创新驱动发展的深入推进,应当更加重视城市高技术产业微观集聚规律,完善创新生态体系与空间组织模式. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献