共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
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框架元素语义类型的确定对于增加本体的语义信息及其建立本体之间的映射具有重要作用.探讨了利用WordNet中词汇的丰富语义等级结构,自动确定框架元素语义类型的方法,提出了同义词扩展、上位词扩展的确定思路,并引入Wu-Palmer语义相似度算法,同时考虑WordNet及FrameNet不同的语义深度,以帮助有效地选择框架元素语义类型. 相似文献
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在线词汇资源FrameNet的语义类型对于深层次的自然语言理解具有重要的作用。文章首先对FrameNet的语义类型功能进行论述,指出其由框架类型、本体类型和词汇类型构成,从概念、感情、搭配等层面描述词汇固有的词类特征和语义特征。在此基础上,作者探讨语义类型在自然语言处理中的具体应用范围:如限制框架元素的取值范围,进行问答、文摘、复述和翻译等自然语言理解,便于概念检索中关系相关度的计算,实现语义层面的推理,建立与其他本体在多领域中的映射等。 相似文献
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基于本体的FrameNet框架之间域关系分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了FrameNet是一个巨大的框架网络体系,大部分框架之间都有一定的联系(也有个别是独立的框架不与其它有关联).框架间的关系有总分关系、域关系、继承关系、参见关系、起始关系及原因关系.在本体论的基础上,以当前正在研究的法律本体为实例,对FrameNet中框架间关系(尤其是域关系)的构建进行了详细的分析. 相似文献
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本文论述了传统叙词表的语义关系及其所具有的局限性,对FrameNet叙词表的语义关系如词汇聚合关系、继承关系、总分关系、参照关系、因果与状态关系进行了充分揭示,并总结了其明显的语义特征。FrameNet叙词表运用本体论思想,将人工语言与自然语言、词汇与句法有机结合,为今后自动语义标注、问答系统、信息抽取和信息检索的应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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标注语料库中句子的语义信息应该要有一套完整的规范体系。文章通过利用汉语框架和框架元素体系进行标注,首先介绍基于汉语框架的语义标注方法的概念,接着从句法性能、短语类型和框架元素标注这三个方面对汉语框架语义标注的具体规则进行阐述;最后,通过与其他语义标注方法的比较,分析得出框架语义标注的特点。 相似文献
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FrameNet、WordNet、VerbNet作为语义型词典，在自然语言处理及其电子词典编纂领域得到广泛应用。这三种语义类型的词典各自从不同侧面表达词汇概念及语义关系，彼此之间互为补充，并且建立相互之间的映射，共同为语义分析提供了丰富知识资源。但这些语义型词典构建理论基础不同，形成各自明显的特征，因此文章从理论基础、组织结构、语义关系、应用范围四个层面上对这三种语义词典进行具体比较分析，明确其各自侧重点及差异，以帮助词典使用者及语言信息处理人员更好地应用。 相似文献
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框架网(FrameNet)—一项基于框架语义学的词库工程 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在框架语义学基础上提出的框架网(FrameNet)是一项新兴的在线词库工程,具有语言研究及语言处理的多种用途。框架网可以作为一种在线详解词典使用,同时也可作为多功能类义词库使用。框架网络词典不仅提供了单词的释义,标注例句、多种索引方式,还说明了词目词的句法特征,给出了词目词的配价结构。框架网络的开发在词典学、自然语言处理、语义研究等方面都有实用意义。 相似文献
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在框架语义学基础上提出的框架网（FrameNet）是一项新兴的在线词库工程，具有语言研究及语言处理的多种用途。框架网可以作为一种在线详解词典使用，同时也可作为多功能类义词库使用。框架网络词典不仅提供了单词的释义，标注例句、多种索引方式、还说明了词目词的句法特征，给出了词目词的配价结构。框架网络的开发在词典学、自然语言处理、语义研究等方面都有实用意义。 相似文献
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以语义Web数字图书馆JeromeDL为研究对象,从JeromeDL的体系结构、资源组织和用户服务深入剖析语义Web数字图书馆的基本功能框架,指出JeromeDL书目本体描述了数字图书馆资源中概念和概念之间的各类关系,简洁地表达了书目资源中包含的主要对象,并概括了语义Web数字图书馆的信息服务的特点. 相似文献
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Hellsten I Dawson J Leydesdorff L 《Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)》2010,19(5):590-608
The framing of issues in the mass media plays a crucial role in the public understanding of science and technology. This article contributes to research concerned with the analysis of media frames over time by making an analytical distinction between implicit and explicit media frames, and by introducing an automated method for the analysis of implicit frames. In particular, we apply a semantic maps method to a case study on the newspaper debate about artificial sweeteners, published in the New York Times between 1980 and 2006. Our results show that the analysis of semantic changes enables us to filter out the dynamics of implicit frames, and to detect emerging metaphors in public debates. Theoretically, we discuss the relation between implicit frames in public debates and the codification of meaning and information in scientific discourses, and suggest further avenues for research interested in the automated analysis of frame changes and trends in public debates. 相似文献
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Hao Zhang Frank Boons Riza Batista-Navarro 《Information processing & management》2019,56(5):1837-1848
Narratives are comprised of stories that provide insight into social processes. To facilitate the analysis of narratives in a more efficient manner, natural language processing (NLP) methods have been employed in order to automatically extract information from textual sources, e.g., newspaper articles. Existing work on automatic narrative extraction, however, has ignored the nested character of narratives. In this work, we argue that a narrative may contain multiple accounts given by different actors. Each individual account provides insight into the beliefs and desires underpinning an actor’s actions. We present a pipeline for automatically extracting accounts, consisting of NLP methods for: (1) named entity recognition, (2) event extraction, and (3) attribution extraction. Machine learning-based models for named entity recognition were trained based on a state-of-the-art neural network architecture for sequence labelling. For event extraction, we developed a hybrid approach combining the use of semantic role labelling tools, the FrameNet repository of semantic frames, and a lexicon of event nouns. Meanwhile, attribution extraction was addressed with the aid of a dependency parser and Levin’s verb classes. To facilitate the development and evaluation of these methods, we constructed a new corpus of news articles, in which named entities, events and attributions have been manually marked up following a novel annotation scheme that covers over 20 event types relating to socio-economic phenomena. Evaluation results show that relative to a baseline method underpinned solely by semantic role labelling tools, our event extraction approach optimises recall by 12.22–14.20 percentage points (reaching as high as 92.60% on one data set). Meanwhile, the use of Levin’s verb classes in attribution extraction obtains optimal performance in terms of F-score, outperforming a baseline method by 7.64–11.96 percentage points. Our proposed approach was applied on news articles focused on industrial regeneration cases. This facilitated the generation of accounts of events that are attributed to specific actors. 相似文献
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Three frames for innovation policy: R&D,systems of innovation and transformative change 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Science, technology and innovation (STI) policy is shaped by persistent framings that arise from historical context. Two established frames are identified as co-existing and dominant in contemporary innovation policy discussions. The first frame is identified as beginning with a Post-World War II institutionalisation of government support for science and R&D with the presumption that this would contribute to growth and address market failure in private provision of new knowledge. The second frame emerged in the 1980s globalising world and its emphasis on competitiveness which is shaped by the national systems of innovation for knowledge creation and commercialisation. STI policy focuses on building links, clusters and networks, and on stimulating learning between elements in the systems, and enabling entrepreneurship. A third frame linked to contemporary social and environmental challenges such as the Sustainable Development Goals and calling for transformative change is identified and distinguished from the two earlier frames. Transformation refers to socio-technical system change as conceptualised in the sustainability transitions literature. The nature of this third framing is examined with the aim of identifying its key features and its potential for provoking a re-examination of the earlier two frames. One key feature is its focus on experimentation, and the argument that the Global South does not need to play catch-up to follow the transformation model of the Global North. It is argued that all three frames are relevant for policymaking, but exploring options for transformative innovation policy should be a priority. 相似文献
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Camilla B. Schwind 《Information processing & management》1983,19(4):223-235
This paper presents a formalism for the representation of complex semantic relations among concepts of natural language. We define a semantic algebra as a set of atomic concepts together with an ordered set of semantic relations. Semantic trees are a graphical representation of a semantic algebra (comparable to Kantorovic trees for boolean or arithmetical expressions). A semantic tree is an ordered tree with nodes labeled with relation and concept names. We generate semantic trees from natural language texts in such a way that they represent the semantic relations which hold among the concepts occurring within that text. This generation process is carried out by a transformational grammar which transforms directly natural language sentences into semantic trees. We present an example for concepts and relations within the domain of computer science where we have generated semantic trees from definition texts by means of a metalanguage for transformational grammars (a sort of metacompiler for transformational grammars). The semantic trees generated so far serve for thesaurus entries in an information retrieval system. 相似文献
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基于共词分析的学科主题演化方法改进研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
学科主题演化是情报分析人员采用一定的信息技术方法观察主题在时间维度上的发展、变化趋势以及不同主题之间的交互作用,它已成为情报研究的一项重要内容。基于词频或共现词频的共词分析方法难以反映主题词对间更层次的语义关系,针对这一情况,提出一种改进的共词分析方法,该方法体现主题词、主题和文档间的层次语义关系,以更微观、精确的语义层面展现主题演化过程。 相似文献
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The fundamental idea of the work reported here is to extract index phrases from texts with the help of a single word concept dictionary and a thesaurus containing relations among concepts. The work is based on the fact, that, within every phrase, the single words the phrase is composed of are related in a certain well denned manner, the type of relations holding between concepts depending only on the concepts themselves. Therefore relations can be stored in a semantic network. The algorithm described extracts single word concepts from texts and combines them to phrases using the semantic relations between these concepts, which are stored in the network. The results obtained show that phrase extraction from texts by this semantic method is possible and offers many advantages over other (purely syntactic or statistic) methods concerning preciseness and completeness of the meaning representation of the text. But the results show, too, that some syntactic and morphologic “filtering” should be included for effectivity reasons. 相似文献