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1.
2D nanomaterials generally exhibit enhanced physiochemical and biological functions in biomedical applications due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and surface charge. Conventional cancer chemotherapy based on nanomaterials has been hindered by their low drug loading and poor penetration in tumor tissue. To overcome these difficulties, novel materials systems are urgently needed. Hereby, the lanthanide-based porphyrin metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheets (NSs) with promising cancer imaging/chemotherapy capacities are fabricated, which display superior performance in the drug loading and tumor tissue penetration. The biodegradable PPF-Gd NSs deliver an ultrahigh drug loading (>1500%) and demonstrate the stable and highly sensitive stimuli-responsive degradation/release for multimodal tumor imaging and cancer chemotherapy. Meanwhile, PPF-Gd NSs also exhibit excellent fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging capability in vitro and in vivo. Compared to the traditional doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy, the in vivo results confirm the evident suppression of the tumor growth by the PPF-Gd/DOX drug delivery system with negligible side effects. This work further supports the potential of lanthanide-based MOF nanomaterials as biodegradable systems to promote the cancer theranostics technology development in the future.  相似文献   

2.
We report on low-cost fabrication and high-energy density of full-cell lithium-ion battery (LIB) models. Super-hierarchical electrode architectures of Li2SiO3/TiO2@nano-carbon anode (LSO.TO@nano-C) and high-voltage olivine LiMnPO4@nano-carbon cathode (LMPO@nano-C) are designed for half- and full-system LIB-CR2032 coin cell models. On the basis of primary architecture-power-driven LIB geometrics, the structure keys including three-dimensional (3D) modeling superhierarchy, multiscale micro/nano architectures and anisotropic surface heterogeneity affect the buildup design of anode/cathode LIB electrodes. Such hierarchical electrode surface topologies enable continuous in-/out-flow rates and fast transport pathways of Li+-ions during charge/discharge cycles. The stacked layer configurations of pouch LIB-types lead to excellent charge/discharge rate, and energy density of 237.6 Wh kg−1. As the most promising LIB-configurations, the high specific energy density of hierarchical pouch battery systems may improve energy storage for long-driving range of electric vehicles. Indeed, the anisotropic alignments of hierarchical electrode architectures in the large-scale LIBs provide proof of excellent capacity storage and outstanding durability and cyclability. The full-system LIB-CR2032 coin cell models maintain high specific capacity of ∼89.8% within a long-term life period of 2000 cycles, and average Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% at 1C rate for future configuration of LIB manufacturing and commercialization challenges.  相似文献   

3.
Ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted considerable attention for their unique physicochemical properties and promising applications; however, preparation of freestanding ultrathin 2D noble metal remains a significant challenge. Here, for the first time, we report use of a wet-chemical method to synthesize partially hydroxylated ultrathin Ir nanosheets (Ir-NSs) of only five to six atomic layers’ thickness. Detailed analysis indicates that the growth confinement effect of carbon monoxide and the partially hydroxylated surface play a critical role in formation of the ultrathin structure. The ultrathin Ir-NSs exhibit excellent performance for both the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction in a wide pH range, outperforming the state-of-the-art Pt/C and IrO2, respectively. Density-functional theory calculations reveal that the partial hydroxylation not only enhances the surface electron transfer between Ir-sites and intermediate O-species, but also guarantees efficient initial activation of bond cleavage of H-O-H for first-step H2O splitting. This, ultimately, breaks through barriers to full water splitting, with efficient electron transfer essentially maintained.  相似文献   

4.
Hollow nanoparticles with large specific surface area and high atom utilization are promising catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We describe herein the design and synthesis of a series of ultra-small hollow ternary alloy nanostructures using a simple one-pot strategy. The same technique was demonstrated for hollow PtNiCu nanoparticles, hollow PtCoCu nanoparticles and hollow CuNiCo nanoparticles. During synthesis, the displacement reaction and oxidative etching played important roles in the formation of hollow structures. Moreover, our hollow PtNiCu and PtCoCu nanoparticles were single crystalline, with an average diameter of 5 nm. Impressively, ultra-small hollow PtNiCu nanoparticles, containing only 10% Pt, exhibited greater electrocatalytic HER activity and stability than a commercial Pt/C catalyst. The overpotential of hollow PtNiCu nanoparticles at 10 mA cm−2 was 28 mV versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). The mass activity was 4.54 A mgPt−1 at −70 mV versus RHE, which is 5.62-fold greater than that of a commercial Pt/C system (0.81 A mgPt−1). Through analyses of bonding and antibonding orbital filling, density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the bonding strength of different metals to the hydrogen intermediate (H*) was in the order of Pt > Co > Ni > Cu. The excellent HER performance of our hollow PtNiCu nanoparticles derives from moderately synergistic interactions between the three metals and H*. This work demonstrates a new strategy for the design of low-cost and high-activity HER catalysts.  相似文献   

5.
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6.
Tunable luminescent materials are becoming more and more important owing to their broad application potential in various fields. Here we construct a pillar[5]arene-based hybrid material with stimuli-responsive luminescent properties and ion-sensing abilities from a pyridine-modified conjugated pillar[5]arene and a planar chromophore oligo(phenylenevinylene) upon coordination of Cd (II) metal cores. This new material not only shows an optimized luminescence due to the minimized π–π stacking and efficient charge transfer properties benefitting from the existence of pillar[5]arene rings, but also exhibits tunable multicolor emission induced by different external stimuli including solvent, ions and acid, indicating great application potential as a fluorescent sensory material, especially for Fe3+. With this pillar[5]arene-based dual-ligand hybrid material, valid optimization and regulation on the fluorescence of the original chromophore have been achieved, which demonstrates a plausible strategy for the design of tunable solid-state luminescent materials and also a prototypical model for the effective regulation of fluorescent properties of planar π systems using synthetic macrocycle-based building blocks.  相似文献   

7.
A key issue for redox reactions in plasmon-induced photocatalysis, particularly for water oxidation, is the concentration of surface-accumulating charges (electrons or holes) at a reaction site for artificial photosynthesis. However, where plasmonic charge accumulated at a catalyst''s surface, and how to improve local charge density at active sites, remains unknown because it is difficult to identify the exact spatial location and local density of the plasmon-induced charge, particularly with regard to holes. Herein, we show that at the single particle level, plasmon-coupling-induced holes can be greatly accumulated at the plasmonic Au nanoparticle dimer/TiO2 interface in the nanogap region, as directly evidenced by the locally enhanced surface photovoltage. Such an accumulation of plasmonic holes can significantly accelerate the water oxidation reaction (multi-holes involved) at the interfacial reaction site, with nearly one order of magnitude enhancement in photocatalytic activities compared to those of highly dispersed Au nanoparticles on TiO2. Combining Kelvin probe force microscopy and theoretical simulation, we further clarified that the local accumulated hole density is proportional to the square of the local near-field enhancement. Our findings advance the understanding of how charges spatially distribute in plasmonic systems and the specific role that local charge density at reaction sites plays in plasmonic photocatalysis.  相似文献   

8.
基于系统科学的企业战略协同机制研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
战略是企业与外部环境互动的机制,好的战略能够帮助企业与外部环境保持实时互动,从而达到高度适应.战略是一个复杂的系统,如同其他复杂系统一样,包含边界要素、转换要素等基本要素,按照一定的结构呈现.战略系统中各个要素相互协同,形成协同机制,实现系统自身的功能和目标,即维持企业与外部环境变化的适应.  相似文献   

9.
通过探讨区域科技创新与生态环境优化的耦合协调机制，构建二者的综合评价指标体系，利用耦合协调度模型、探索性空间数据分析法以及空间计量模型，对2008—2017年我国30个省域科技创新与生态环境优化耦合协调发展程度、时空格局及驱动因素进行了分析。结果表明，我国各省域科技创新与生态环境优化水平，以及两者耦合协调度均呈现波动上升的趋势，区域间差距不断扩大。各省域两系统耦合协调度均值在0.299~0.654之间，大部分地区仍处于中度耦合协调阶段；整体显现出“东高、中平、西低”的空间格局，以及“高高—低低”集聚的空间关联性。产业结构生态化水平、市场竞争程度、政府科技创新支持、环境规制、区域城镇化率等因素对我国省域两系统耦合协调度均产生显著的正向影响及空间溢出效应，并表现出明显的区域异质性特征。据此，基于这些驱动因素的异质性影响，提出了促进区域两系统耦合协调发展的差异化政策建议。  相似文献   

10.
杨文忠  袁瑞玲  欧晓昆  向振勇  陈伟 《资源科学》2011,33(11):2150-2156
准确选择项目社区及优先干预领域,是成功实施自然保护项目的基础。当前自然保护项目优先社区及活动的选择,主要沿用20世纪80年代早期形成的农村快速评估(RRA)和参与式农村评估(PRA)等方法,这些方法源于农村扶贫开发项目,倡导以社区为主的决策机制,但在自然保护项目中并不能很好地平衡保护和发展的关系,也无法突出自然保护目标和特点。本文在详细分析沿用传统参与式方法不足的基础上,综合考虑周边社区社会经济发展和自然保护区生物多样性保护的需要,结合参与式制图和参与式地理信息系统技术的研究进展,首次提出区位关系分析法。新方法以周边社区在自然保护区内的生产活动为分析对象,构建了确定项目社区和活动优先度的指标及算法。通过调查统计周边社区各类活动的频度f、强度s和面积A,计算社区对保护区的总体影响P,确定项目社区优先度;通过求算项目社区各类活动对自然保护区的影响Pj,结合同类活动对社区社会经济的贡献率Cj或对农户生计的重要值Ij,建立2×2交叉矩阵,确定项目活动优先度。除自然保护项目开发设计外,区位关系分析法可用于保护区的日常监测和管理,对提升保护成效具有参考意义和实践价值。  相似文献   

11.
Most metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) hardly maintain their physical and chemical properties after exposure to alkaline aqueous solutions, thus precluding their use as potential electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, we present the design and synthesis of a highly alkaline-stable metal oxide@MOF composite, Co3O4 nanocube@Co-MOF (Co3O4@Co-MOF), via a controllable and facile one-pot hydrothermal method under highly alkaline conditions. The obtained composite possesses exceptional alkaline stability, retaining its original structure in 3.0 M KOH for at least 15 days. Benefitting from the exceptional alkaline stability, unique structure, and larger surface area, the Co3O4@Co-MOF composite shows a specific capacitance as high as 1020 F g−1 at 0.5 A  g−1 and a high cycling stability with only 3.3% decay after 5000 cycles at 5 A g−1. The as-constructed solid-state flexible device exhibits a maximum energy density of 21.6 mWh cm−3.  相似文献   

12.
We report a case of a diabetic, heterozygote with near normal hematology, marginally low level of hemoglobin A2(HbA2) having an increased level of hemoglobin F(HbF) that was pancellularly distributed among the red cells. BioRad DiaSTAT measurements gave a high glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) of 31.5% and the BioRad Variant analyzer recorded an HbA1c value which was very low, in discordance with the detected blood glucose levels. Flow cytometry and polymerization chain reaction (PCR) based studies were carried out which revealed the case to be that of the common hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH)-3, an Asian Indian mutation. Fructosamine estimation and HbA1c by Boronate affinity chromatography were able to resolve the discordant value detected and was able to confirm the diabetes status. The case would have been a diagnostic dilemma, if reported without correlation.  相似文献   

13.
A series of ternary organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are fabricated with one wide bandgap polymer D18-Cl as donor, and well compatible Y6 and Y6-1O as acceptor. The open-circuit-voltage (VOC) of ternary OPVs is monotonously increased along with the incorporation of Y6-1O, indicating that the alloy state should be formed between Y6 and Y6-1O due to their excellent compatibility. The energy loss can be minimized by incorporating Y6-1O, leading to the VOC improvement of ternary OPVs. By finely adjusting the Y6-1O content, a power conversion efficiency of 17.91% is achieved in the optimal ternary OPVs with 30 wt% Y6-1O in acceptors, resulting from synchronously improved short-circuit-current density (JSC) of 25.87 mA cm−2, fill factor (FF) of 76.92% and VOC of 0.900 V in comparison with those of D18-Cl : Y6 binary OPVs. The JSC and FF improvement of ternary OPVs should be ascribed to comprehensively optimal photon harvesting, exciton dissociation and charge transport in ternary active layers. The more efficient charge separation and transport process in ternary active layers can be confirmed by the magneto-photocurrent and impedance spectroscopy experimental results, respectively. This work provides new insight into constructing highly efficient ternary OPVs with well compatible Y6 and its derivative as acceptor.  相似文献   

14.
In this paper, an analytic solution of nonlinear H∞ robust controller is first proposed and used in a complete six degree-of-freedom nonlinear equations of motion of flight vehicle system with mass and moment inertia uncertainties. A special Lyapunov function with mass and moment inertia uncertainties is considered to solve the associated Hamilton-Jacobi partial differential inequality (HJPDI). The HJPDI is solved analytically, resulting in a nonlinear H∞ robust controller with simple proportional feedback structure. Next, the control surface inverse algorithm (CSIA) is introduced to determine the angles of control surface deflection from the nonlinear H∞ control command. The ranges of prefilter and loss ratio that guarantee stability and robustness of nonlinear H∞ flight control system implemented by CSIA are derived. Real aerodynamic data, engine data and actuator system of F-16 aircraft are carried out in numerical simulations to verify the proposed scheme. The results show that the responses still keep good convergence for large initial perturbation and the robust stability with mass and moment inertia uncertainties in the permissible ranges of the prefilter and loss ratio for which this design guarantees stability give same conclusion.  相似文献   

15.
Compared to human vision, conventional machine vision composed of an image sensor and processor suffers from high latency and large power consumption due to physically separated image sensing and processing. A neuromorphic vision system with brain-inspired visual perception provides a promising solution to the problem. Here we propose and demonstrate a prototype neuromorphic vision system by networking a retinomorphic sensor with a memristive crossbar. We fabricate the retinomorphic sensor by using WSe2/h-BN/Al2O3 van der Waals heterostructures with gate-tunable photoresponses, to closely mimic the human retinal capabilities in simultaneously sensing and processing images. We then network the sensor with a large-scale Pt/Ta/HfO2/Ta one-transistor-one-resistor (1T1R) memristive crossbar, which plays a similar role to the visual cortex in the human brain. The realized neuromorphic vision system allows for fast letter recognition and object tracking, indicating the capabilities of image sensing, processing and recognition in the full analog regime. Our work suggests that such a neuromorphic vision system may open up unprecedented opportunities in future visual perception applications.  相似文献   

16.
We investigated the effect of cholesterol and the metalloporphyrins cobalt mesoporphyrin (CoMP) and chromium protoporphyrin (CrPP) on phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and the consequent hepatic mitochondrial stability as well as on lipid concentrations. Our studies revealed that on administration of cholesterol, CrPP, CoMP as well as simultaneous adminstration of cholesterol and CrPP, there was an inhibition of PLA2 activity. These moieties may therefore, be agents for preventing destabilisation of the mitochondrial membrane and the consequent pathological conditions which may arise due to membrane lysis. Our results revealed that cholesterol administration increased phospholipid concentration, albeit by modest amounts. Although the independent administration of metalloporphyrins led only to minor elevations in phospholipid concentration, the simultaneous administration of cholesterol and CrPP generated a steep elevation in the concentration of total phospholipid. Since cholesterol inhibits PLA2 activity it has the potential of being therapeutic agent for preventing the pathological conditions which may arise due to membrane lysis.  相似文献   

17.
In this paper necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for a two-variable positive real function to be the driving-point impedance of certain classes of doubly-terminated lossless ladder networks. Specifically, two classes of networks are studied: (a) the class of networks in which the lossless structure is a cascade of p1- and p2-variable two-ports, each two-port having its transmission zeros at the origin and/or at infinity; (b) the class of networks in which the lossless structure is a lowpass or highpass ladder network with series arms having p1- and p2-type elements in series and shunt arms having the p1- and p2-type elements in parallel. It is indicated that via suitable transformations of the variables, conditions for many other types of ladder structures can be derived.  相似文献   

18.
森林生态系统结构调控与功能优化是森林生态与管理的核心研究主题。然而,受技术与理论限制,复杂地形下森林三维精细结构监测能力不足、功能估测精度不高;森林生态系统结构的复杂性和人类社会对其服务功能的迫切需求对上述研究主题提出前所未有的挑战。在中国科学院野外站网络重点科技基础设施建设项目的支持下,中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站于2019年在典型独立小流域内建成了观测塔群(3座观测塔)、水文站网、长期固定样地群,辅以综合数据中心;打造以激光雷达为主要森林结构监测、以涡动通量系统和水文站网为主要功能监测手段的"温带次生林生态系统塔群监测研究平台"(以下简称"科尔塔群")。科尔塔群集成了观测塔群-水文站网-长期固定样地群,构成以遥感技术-涡度相关法-测树学法-森林信息学法为主要手段的协同、跨学科观测体系,具有多方法、多尺度、多要素的核心特征,可开展多类相关研究以满足国家需求、探索国际前沿。基于上述优势,科尔塔群可准确获取森林三维结构,以全息新视角探索森林生态学规律,发展复杂地形下森林生态系统碳-氮-水和其他痕量气体通量观测新理论与方法,研究全球变化背景下森林生态系统碳-氮-水等循环过程与响应,阐明森林水文过程及调控机制,为森林结构调控与功能优化提供基础数据和理论支持,使森林为人类社会提供广泛且可持续的生态服务。  相似文献   

19.
Regulating existing micro and nano wrinkle structures into desired configurations is urgently necessary yet remains challenging, especially modulating wrinkle direction and location on demand. In this work, we propose a novel light-controlled strategy for surface wrinkles, which can dynamically and precisely regulate all basic characteristics of wrinkles, including wavelength, amplitude, direction and location (λ, A, θ and Lc), and arbitrarily tune wrinkle topographies in two dimensions (2D). By considering the bidirectional Poisson''s effect and soft boundary conditions, a modified theoretical model depicting the relation between stress distributions and the basic characteristics was developed to reveal the mechanical mechanism of the regulation strategy. Furthermore, the resulting 2D ordered wrinkles can be used as a dynamic optical grating and a smart template to reversibly regulate the morphology of various functional materials. This study will pave the way for wrinkle regulation and guide fabrication technology for functional wrinkled surfaces.  相似文献   

20.
The present study was undertaken to explore the relationship of plasma homocysteine with other biochemical parameters in ischemic heart disease. Plasma levels of total homocysteine was measured by HPLC—fluorescence detection with internal standard in 60 ischemic heart disease patients and were compared with 30 age matched normal healthy controls. The significant increase of plasma homocysteine was observed in both myocardial infarction and chronic stable ischemic heart disease patients when compared with the controls. The hyperhomocysteinemia appears be to due to increased body demand of vitamins such as folic acid, vitamin B12, B6, B2 either alone or in combination to regulate normal homocysteine metabolism.  相似文献   

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