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Learning from education to communicate science as a good story 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Science communicators must learn from science educators in their crusade to counteract the traditional boring and inefficient approaches to convey science. Educators encounter a need for methods of teaching that portray science as 'hard fun' and resources that encourage students' minds to burst into action. Narratives are considered by several authors as highly valuable resources for science education. However, little research has been undertaken to measure the efficiency of narratives in the context of science communication to the general public. Recent work however, suggests that narratives are indeed an alternative and an important means for science communication to convey information in an accurate, attractive, imaginative and memorable way. To present scientific information through stories, novels, comics and plays should be regarded as an important means to transmit information in the repertoire of both science teachers and science communicators. 相似文献
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This analysis of informal scientific communication emphasizes the communication which occurs among public sector agricultural researchers. While the formal channels and the informal channels constitute the two mutually dependent elements of this communication, the importance of the informal channels is often ignored. The informal communication network is examined utilizing a survey of randomly sampled U.S. agricultural scientists listed in the Current Research Information System (N = 1431). Particular individuals in the informal communication network are viewed as important sources of influence for a variety of research decisions such as choice of problem, methods, key concepts and theoretical orientation. However, informal scientific communication appears to occur infrequently, and to be primarily limited to one's own discipline. Scientists report communication with scientists outside their department, clients and extension staff is limited to less than once a month. In addition, the nature and frequency of the informal scientific communication is highly related to the criteria utilized in establishing research agendas and the publication products. However, the use of and reliance on particular channels of communication may affect scientists and their research in different and sometimes contradictory ways. Consequently, it is important to view the informal scientific communication and the processes and products of science as inextricably bound together in a mutually interdependent social system. 相似文献
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Clarke CE 《Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)》2011,20(5):609-626
When reporting health risks, the news media are often criticized for omitting "mobilizing" information that allows readers to act on existing attitudes. Using American and British newspaper coverage of the autism-vaccine controversy as a case study, this article takes a "behind the scenes" look at normative pressures that may influence whether such information appears in coverage. In particular, can holding health officials accountable for their actions potentially "crowd out" mobilizing information? A content analysis suggests that mobilizing information (at least one of four examples) was present in only 16% of articles, compared to 38% that mentioned accountability messages (at least one of two examples). US newspapers were significantly more likely to mention at least one mobilization example. Finally, although only 11% discussed both, articles were more likely to discuss certain mobilizing and accountability examples together. Implications for journalism ethics and vaccine risk communication are discussed. 相似文献
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随着社交网络平台（Social Networking Services,SNS）的发展,学术文献在SNS上开始广泛传播,也促进了科学家在SNS上进行学术交流,这对学术生态产生了极大的冲击。学术文献在SNS传播是科学家之间的“非正式学术交流”和科学家与公众之间的“非正式科学传播”在SNS平台上的延展。本文对30290篇进化生物学（Evolutionary Biology）WoS文献数据和Altmetrics.com平台Twitter转载数据进行了时间和空间计量及比较分析,对学术文献SNS交流活动进行解读。研究发现,第一,正式交流和非正式之间的相互影响较弱,并且Altmetrics主要受到社交网络平台交流影响;第二,社交网络平台交流偏好于非正式科学传播,是一种新型的“社交网络+科普”科学传播模式;第三,社交网络平台的交流存在时空特征,在交流时间上易“来也匆匆,去也匆匆”,在交流地域上也具有较高的国家倾向性。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】分析“一带一路”沿线国家涉华舆情风险因素,为我国政府做出有针对性的决策提供理论基础
和有效方法。【目的/意义】本文以“一带一路”沿线国家涉华舆情相关案例为研究依据,对舆情风险因素进行更全面
的分析,识别出与“一带一路”沿线国家涉华舆情有关的风险因素,采用等级全息建模方法进行风险建模,随后通过
层次分析法与帕累托分析法将风险因素分成高、中、低三级风险。【结果/结论】依据分析结果,得出传播来源、传播
过程等方面的风险因素,通过层次分析法得出相应权重,进行风险评级,并依据等级提出相应对策,为更好推进“一
带一路”倡议提供更科学、有效的决策参考。【创新/局限】本文通过定性定量相结合的系统研究方法对“一带一路”
沿线国家涉华舆情案例进行研究,并针对不同的风险等级提出对策,但是影响“一带一路”涉华舆情的因素处于动
态变化之中,本文虽然对这些因素进行了分类,但是仍可能有不合理或疏漏之处,后续将持续研究完善。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(2):54-62
The focus of this work arises from two needs within information science literature: (1) to understand more, from an empirically driven perspective, about the increasingly visible yet understudied mobile work population, and (2) to address more clearly, from a theoretical standpoint, the ways in which information and communication technologies (ICTs) mediate the work practices of these mobile workers. Drawing on the affordance perspective, this research goes beyond simplistic conceptualizations of technological effects to explore the roles of multiple ICTs in enabling mobile knowledge work. In this paper, the use of ICTs in mobilizing information practices and the ways in which ICTs generate affordances along different mobility dimensions (spatial, temporal, contextual, and social) are examined. The empirical base of this research is a field of study of 33 mobile knowledge workers (MKWs); broadly, it focuses on the ways they employ ICTs to accomplish work in dynamic and unpredictable work conditions. 相似文献
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信息通信技术普及中的民生风险感知转变 《科学学研究》2023,41(2):276-285
信息通信技术的普及应用产生了复杂的社会影响。基于中国家庭追踪调查数据,从多个维度构建民生风险感知指标,采用多元回归、固定效应模型以及工具变量法探究了公众的互联网使用行为与民生风险感知的关联性。研究结果表明:第一,信息通信技术的普及对公众民生风险感知的转变产生了深刻影响,互联网使用行为显著增强了个体的民生风险感知水平。第二,互联网对民生风险感知的强化效应在不同群体间存在程度上的差异,其强化效应在中高收入和中老年群体以及城镇地区更加明显。第三,在环境保护、医疗、教育和贫富差距等领域的民生风险感知转变过程中,互联网发挥的强化效应更为突出。 相似文献
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Professional work is often regulated by procedures that shape the information seeking involved in performing a task. Yet, research on professionals’ information seeking tends to bypass procedures and depict information seeking as an informal activity. In this study we analyze two healthcare tasks governed by procedures: triage and timeouts. While information seeking is central to both procedures, we find that the coordinating nurses rarely engage in information seeking when they triage patients. Inversely, the physicians value convening for timeouts to seek information. To explain these findings we distinguish between junior and expert professionals and between uncertain and equivocal tasks. The triage procedure specifies which information to retrieve but expert professionals such as the coordinating nurses tend to perform triage, which is an uncertain task, by holistic pattern recognition rather than information seeking. For timeouts, which target an equivocal task, the procedure facilitates information seeking by creating a space for open-ended collaborative reflection. Both junior and expert physicians temporarily suspend patient treatment in favor of this opportunity to reflect on their actions, though partly for different reasons. We discuss implications for models of professionals’ information seeking. 相似文献
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Social informatics research offers insights into the relationship between information technologies and social contexts. However, the material roles of information technologies, and their interplay with the agentic work of social actors, have not been addressed. Drawing on a field study of 37 mobile knowledge workers, we examine the dual material roles (enabling and constraining) played by information technologies in their work practices. We also investigate how these workers exert agency by fashioning multiple information technologies into a functioning digital assemblage. Although information technologies provide consequential affordances that enable mobilization of work across spaces and times, they simultaneously present design-driven, local, organizational, and temporal technological constraints that require mobile knowledge workers to engage in “configuration work” to make information technologies function effectively. Building on a sociomaterial perspective, we further discuss the interplay of information technologies and work practices enacted by mobile knowledge workers, in which both human and technological agency are materialized. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情(简称新冠肺炎疫情)的全球蔓延引发了各领域学者对于突发公共卫生事件科学应对的思考。文章以新冠肺炎疫情为例,以微博为研究对象,旨在探讨突发公共卫生事件中公众的信息需求对于危机治理的影响机制。[方法/过程]首先,对新冠肺炎疫情及微博舆情做出阶段划分,进而利用质性分析结合层次聚类法从微博文本数据中抽取公众信息需求并跟踪其演变,最终结合相关理论探索性地建立了突发公共卫生事件公众信息需求模型。[结果/结论]突发公共卫生事件中公众的信息需求主要围绕风险认知、行为规范、情感、行为四个方面,通过社交媒体可以准确追踪公众信息需求并向公众提供所需信息,信息需求的满足最终促使公众自发参与危机治理。 相似文献
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重构与再造:预印本平台对科学交流体系的影响 《科学学研究》2021,39(10):1729-1735
预印本平台从诞生伊始便被学界赋予了对抗学术垄断，实现学术自由的重要使命，其在发展的流变中逐步确立了“去中心化”的科学交流体系。本研究通过案例分析，结合传播学、管理学的相关理论，探析了预印本平台对科学交流体系的影响。研究认为，预印本平台弥合了科学交流的时滞鸿沟，打造了符合学术共同体共享愿景的信息空间，但其过度开放可能引发科学交流的信任裂痕，产生新的数字鸿沟。未来，预印本平台需调和即时性与信息质控，资本化与科学公共性，资源整合与期刊利益之间的矛盾，推动科学交流的繁荣。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(6):718-725
Employees are the human capital that contributes to the success of high-performance and sustainable organizations. In the digital economy, organizations need to be competitive and differentiate them self through the knowledge they detained. This requires the adoption of innovative solutions that valorize and recognize workers who invest their time to keep up-to-date with areas of knowledge that are relevant to the organization. Indeed, organizations are investing in retaining skilled workers, in particular senior workers whose knowledge and experience are a valuable asset that should be passed to younger co-workers. One way to address these concerns is to create conditions to promote a feeling of employee’s wellness in their work environment.In this paper, the two perception of well-being at the workplace (i.e. physical and social) are combined with gamification techniques and analyzed how it might help employees to acquire the expertise (“soft and hard-skills”) they need to improve their curriculum. This is particularly relevant for older adults to whom the feeling of fulfilment and recognition is much appreciated. The case study relates to the Active@Work project. The proposed solution incorporates an “intelligent behavior” to keep the user aware of their well-being status, triggering notifications to mitigate the risk of fatigue or stress at work. The solution also provides support for workers to engage in new and rewarding activities, where his/her knowledge and experience is considered as a relevant contribution, promoting in this way employee recognition and social well-being at the workplace. Team management and tutoring of younger co-workers by older adults will be, together with a Skill Development Tool, some of the innovative features within the project. 相似文献
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随着网络信息技术的蓬勃发展,传统家园共育的合作方式已经无法满足人们的需求。微信公众平台作为一种新型的媒体工具,具有门槛低、传播快、交流灵活等特点,可以为家长带来“零资费”的校方信息获取渠道。本文论述了将微信公众平台引入幼儿园的家园共育工作中,可以增进彼此之间的沟通交流,更好地促进幼儿身心健康成长。 相似文献
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非正式地位是员工竞相争取的宝贵资源,它能有效地改善个体的自我认知、情感和行为表现。本研究以知识型员工为研究对象,基于社会认同理论,将创新期望与差错氛围引入非正式地位与创新行为关系的分析框架中,构建差错氛围调节创新期望在非正式地位和创新行为之间起中介作用的模型,对问卷调查法收集到461份有效问卷进行实证分析。研究结果表明：（1）非正式地位对创新行为有显著的正向影响,创新期望在其中起到部分中介作用;（2）差错氛围正向调节创新期望与创新行为的关系,还进一步正向调节知识型员工非正式地位通过创新期望影响创新行为的中介机制。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]随着网络和社交媒体的发展,网络"意见领袖"在网络社区的信息传播和交流中发挥着越来越重要的作用,在社会生活的各个方面对网络民意产生巨大的影响。因此,识别网络"意见领袖",掌握其特征和规律成为了网络信息传播研究的重要方面。[方法/过程]在PageRank思想的基础上,利用文本的TF-IDF计算网络社区用户节点的连接强度,以此改进PageRank算法,提出一种LeaderRank方法用来评价网络社区用户节点的重要度,并结合其他指标及BP神经网络进行"意见领袖"的发现实验以及进一步的数据挖掘工作。[结果/结论]实验结果表明,该方法相较于神经网络具有更高的识别率,该方法可以灵活配合其他指标和方法使用,具有更好的适用性、扩展性和稳定性。 相似文献
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从推文内容分类角度开展高校图书馆微信公众平台推文主题传播研究。首先引入机器学习中LDA文档主题生成模型进行微信公众平台推文的主题聚类,之后通过设计针对性算法——主题传播指数（Topic Communication Index,TCI）对微信公众平台推文的不同主题开展传播效果量化分析,并从信息接受、认同角度尝试性地分析了造成主题内传播效果差异的原因。最后根据研究结果得到适合高校图书馆微信公众平台运营的建议。 相似文献
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Philip L. Dawes Don Y. Lee Grahame R. Dowling 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》1999,10(2):377
In this paper, we examine how individuals vary in their ability to control informal information during the purchasing process for an expensive complex technological product in the information technology area. As part of this research process, we use sociometric data from 41 firms to test a structural model of the effects that network heterogeneity and three organizational structure variables have on this type of information control. As hypothesized, increased network heterogeneity reduces an individual's ability to control informal information. Moreover, the structural variables of decentralization, formalization, and spatial differentiation are shown to affect informal information control in the predicted manner. Importantly, we also show that formalization and spatial differentiation affect network heterogeneity. Decentralization, however, was not found to be related to network heterogeneity. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 新型冠状肺炎防治的科研信息报道是公众关注的重要话题,极易引发网络信息泛滥和社会公众恐慌。如何引导突发公共卫生事件科研信息报道网络舆情走向成为重要课题。[方法/过程] 本文选取"双黄连事件"作为研究案例,在新浪微博上分别爬取原始话题和回应话题下的发帖、转发和评论等数据,通过统计分析法、情感分析法等方法讨论科研信息报道的社会热度和公众态度,分析官方媒体和权威专家的回应对事件舆情发展的影响。[结果/结论] 研究结果发现,公众高度关注科研信息报道,并表现出较为极端的情绪;而官方媒体和专家的权威回应会影响到事件的话题热度,进而影响公众情感取向。官方媒体具有强大的传播力和影响力,成为公众获取科研信息的主要途径。在此基础上,构建了"官方媒体-权威专家-普通公众"三方协同的管控机制,以有效应对突发公共卫生事件科研信息报道所引发的网络舆情。 相似文献