共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
CAI Jing ZHENG Ping MAHMOOD Qaisar ISLAM Ejazul HU Bao-lan WU Dong-lei 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(7):1149-1156
The optimal operation conditions in an anoxic sulfide oxidizing (ASO) bioreactor were investigated. The maximal removal rates for sulfide and nitrate were found to be 4.18 kg/(m3·d) and 1.73 kg/(m3·d), respectively. The volumetrical volumetric loading rates (LRs) observed through decreasing hydraulic retention time (HRT) at fixed substrate concentration are higher than those by increasing substrate concentration at fixed HRT. The sulfide oxidation in ASO reactor was partially producing both sulfate and sulfur; but the amount of sulfate produced was approximately one third that of sulfur. The process was able to tolerate high sulfide concentration, as the sulfide removal percentage always remained near 99% when influent concentration was up to 580 mg/L. It tolerated relatively lower nitrate concentration because the removal percentage dropped to 85% when influent con- centration was increased above 110 mg/L. The process can tolerate shorter HRT but careful operation is needed. Nitrate conversion was more sensitive to HRT than sulfide conversion since the process performance deteriorated abruptly when HRT was decreased from 3.12 h to 2.88 h. In order to avoid nitrite accumulation in the reactor, the influent sulfide and nitrate concentrations should be kept at 280 mg/L and 67.5 mg/L respectively. Present biotechnology is useful for removing sulfides from sewers and crude oil. 相似文献
2.
Decomposition of dimethyl sulfide （DMS） in air was investigated experimentally by using a wire-cylinder dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） reactor at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. A new type of high pulse voltage source with a thyratron switch and a Blumlein pulse-forming network （BPFN） was adopted in our experiments. The maximum power output of the pulse voltage source and the maximum peak voltage were 1 kW and 100 kV, respectively. The important parameters affecting odor decomposition, including peak voltage, pulse frequency, gas flow rate, initial concentration, and humidity, which influenced the removal efficiency, were investigated. The results showed that DMS could be treated effectively and almost a 100% removal efficiency was achieved at the conditions with an initial concentration of 832 mg/m3 and a gas flow rate of 1000 ml/min. Humidity boosts the removal efficiency and improves the energy yield （EY） greatly. The EY of 832 mg/m3 DMS was 2.87 mg/kJ when the relative humidity was above 30%. In the case of DMS removal, the ozone and nitrogen oxides were observed in the exhaust gas. The carbon and sulfur elements of DMS were mainly converted to carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. Moreover, sulfur was discovered in the reactor. According to the results, the optimization design for the reactor and the matching of high pulse voltage source can be reckoned. 相似文献
3.
Abstract The compliance of an integrated approach, principal component analysis （PCA）, coupled with Tagu chi＇s robust theory for simultaneous optimization of cor related multiple responses of wire electrical discharge machining （WEDM） process for machining SiCp rein forced ZC63 metal matrix composites （MMCs） is investi gated in this work. The WEDM is proven better for its efficiency to machine MMCs among others, while the particulate size and volume percentage of SiCp with the composite are the utmost important factors. These improve the mechanical properties enormously, however reduce the machining performance. Hence the WEDM experiments are conducted by varying the particulate size, volume fraction, pulseon time, pulseoff time and wire tension. In the view of quality cut, the most important performance indicators of WEDM as surface roughness （Ra）, metal removal rate （MRR）, wire wear ratio （WWR）, kerf （Kw） and white layer thickness （WLT） are measured as respon ses. PCA is used as multiresponse optimization technique to derive the composite principal component （CPC） which acts as the overall quality index in the process. Consequently, Taguchi＇s S/N ratio analysis is applied to optimize the CPC. The derived optimal process responses are confirmed by the experimental validation tests results. The analysis of vari ance is conducted to find the effects of choosing process variables on the overall quality of the machined component.The practical possibility of the derived optimal process conditions is also presented using SEM. 相似文献
4.
Chang HQ Yang XE Fang YY Pu PM Li ZK Rengel Z 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(7):521-531
Objective： This study was to assess the influence of interaction of combination of immobilized nitrogen cycling bacteria （INCB） with aquatic macrophytes on nitrogen removal from the eutrophic waterbody, and to get insight into different mechanisms involved in nitrogen removal. Methods： The aquatic macrophytes used include Eichhornia crassipes （summer-autumn floating macrophyte）, Elodea nuttallii （winter-growing submerged macrophyte）, and nitrogen cycling bacteria including ammonifying, nitrosating, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria isolated from Taihu Lake. The immobilization carriers materials were made from hydrophilic monomers 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate （HEA） and hydrophobic 2-hydroxyethyl methylacrylate （HEMA）. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the roles of macrophytes combined with INCB on nitrogen removal from eutrophic water during different seasons. Results： Eichhornia crassipes and Elodea nuttallii had different potentials in purification of eutrophic water. Floating macrophyte＋bacteria （INCB） performed best in improving water quality （during the first experiment） and decreased total nitrogen （TN） by 70.2%, nitrite and ammonium by 92.2% and 50.9%, respectively, during the experimental period, when water transparency increased from 0.5 m to 1.8 m. When INCB was inoculated into the floating macrophyte system, the populations of nitrosating, nitrifying, and denitrifying bacteria increased by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude compared to the un-inoculated treatments, but ammonifying bacteria showed no obvious difference between different treatments. Lower values of chlorophyll a, CODMn, and pH were found in the microbial-plant integrated system, as compared to the control. Highest reduction in N was noted during the treatment with submerged macrophyte＋INCB, being 26.1% for TN, 85.2% for nitrite, and 85.2% for ammonium at the end of 2nd experiment. And in the treatment, the populations of ammonifying, nitrosating, nitrifying, and denitrifying bacteria increased by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude, as compared to the un-inoculated treatments. Similar to the first experiment, higher water transparency and lower values of chlorophyll a, CODMn and pH were observed in the plant＋ INCB integrated system, as compared to other treatments. These results indicated that plant-microbe interaction showed beneficial effects on N removal from the eutrophic waterbody. 相似文献
5.
INTRODUCTION Nitrogen oxide (NOx) is one of the main air pol- lutants found in the flue gases from chemical and power plants belching acid rain and photochemical smog. Over 90 percent of all man-made nitrogen ox- ides that enter our atmosphere are produced by the combustion of various fuels. Compared with the ad- vanced stage of SO2 gas removal technologies devel- opment, the removal of NOx gases is still in the initial stages of development as roughly 90 to 95 percent of NOx emitted i… 相似文献
6.
LIU Dong-mei CUI Fu-yi WU Ya-qin LIN Tao ZHANG Min YU Ming-xue 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(11):1826-1830
Zooplankton cyclops propagates profusely in waterbody, cannot be effectively inactivated by conventional disinfec- tion process, and becomes a troublesome drinking water treatment problem. In this work, the qualitative and quantitative ex- perimental studies were carried out on inactivation of zooplankton cyclops using oxidants, such as chlorine (Cl2), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), ozone (O3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ozone/hydrogen peroxide (O3/H2O2), chloramines (Cl2-NH3) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4). The influences of various factors include different oxidant dosages, organic substance contents and pH values. The results showed that currently available oxidants used all might inactivate cyclops in some extent. According to the experimental results, chlorine dioxide, ozone, ozone/hydrogen peroxide and chloramines can be selected as effective oxidants for inactivating cyclops because of their strong inactivation abilities. Then the synergic removal effects on cyclops with ozone, ozone/hydrogen peroxide pre-oxidation followed by conventional water treatment processes were investigated. The results showed that ozone and ozone/hydrogen peroxide pre-oxidation can inactivate cyclops effectively, which then can be removed thoroughly by conventional water treatment processes. Cyclops cannot appear in water after filtration with 1.65 mg/L of ozone and 6 mg/L of hydrogen peroxide, with the inactivation rate being 62% before conventional water treatment processes. Cyclops cannot appear in water after filtration with 1.8 mg/L of ozone, with the inactivation rate being 50% before conventional water treatment processes. For different oxidants, when removal rate was the best, the inactivation rate was not the same. These results may pro- vide reference and model for actual waterworks. 相似文献
7.
The change and control of nitrogen content in molten steel was investigated through the production process of“LD-BAr-LF-RH-CC”. Results show that nitrogen content reduces gradually in converter-steelmaking stage, rises rapidly from the end of converter process to the end of argon station process, continues to increase in ladle furnace process, and decreases slightly in RH refining stage. Since nitrogen is removed mainly by BOF steelmaking and vacuum refining operations, nitrogen in molten steel should be removed as much as possible in these two operations. However, nitrogen uptake should be minimized in other operations of molten steel production process. 相似文献
8.
This paper presents a method to reconstruct symmetric geometric models from point cloud with inherent symmetric structure. Symmetry types commonly found in engineering parts, i.e., translational, reflectional and rotational symmetries are considered. The reconstruction problem is formulated as a constrained optimization, where the objective function is the sum of squared distances of points to the model, and constraints are enforced to keep geometric relationships in the model. First, the explicit representations of symmetric models are presented. Then, by using the concept ofparameterized points （where the coordinate components are represented as functions rather than constants）, the distances of points to symmetric models are deduced. With these distance functions, symmetry information, for both 2D and 3D models, is uniformly represented in the process of reconstruction. The constrained optimization problem is solved by a standard nonlinear optimization method. Owing to the explicit representation of symmetry information, the computational complexity of our method is reduced greatly. Finally, examples are given to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. 相似文献
9.
Urban wastewater treatment techniques could not be applied to improve the pollutant removal efficiency,due to its characteristics of closed and quiescent conditions of the static lake water.In this study,natural zeolite and coal cinder were chosen as filler compounds of the ecological filter.Static and dynamic experiments were carried out to study the remediation efficiency.Experimental data show that removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen （NH ＋ 4 -N） reaches 85% in both static and dynamic patterns and its removal efficiency reaches 97% when the recycling period is 1 h in dynamic condition.The maximum removal efficiency of nitrite nitrogen （NO-2 -N） reached 98%,and the removal efficiency of total nitrogen （TN） is a maximum of 84%.The final effluent concentration of total phosphorus （TP） is 0.079 mg/L.Effluent recycling could improve the nutrient （N,P） removal efficiently.Dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration could remain high with the water cycling.The filter works efficiently on regulating pH to the standard level of healthy water. 相似文献
10.
Absorption of NO2 into Na2S solution in a stirred tank reactor 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
To understand the absorption mechanism of nitrogen dioxide into a sodium sulfide solution, a stirred tank reactor with a plane gas-liquid interface was used to measure the chemical absorption rate of diluted nitrogen dioxide into sodium sulfide solution. The absorption rates under various experimental conditions were measured and the effects of experimental conditions on nitrogen dioxide absorption rate were discussed. The results show that, in the range of this study, nitrogen dioxide absorption rate increases with increasing sodium sulfide concentration, nitrogen dioxide inlet concentration, and flue gas flow rate, but decreases with increasing reaction temperature and oxygen content in flue gas. 相似文献
11.
工业生产废气对大气造成较为严重的污染,其主要是硫化物、氮化物的排放量超标。WK陶瓷催化剂袋式脱硫脱硝、除尘一体化烟气净化技术,是一项具有国际创新的系统集成技术,通过单一的单元控制过程,同步去除烟气中的硫氧化物、氮氧化物、氯、氟和灰尘,高效取代传统三步式组合工艺,具有显著优点,可以很好地解决窑炉烟气排放不达标的问题。 相似文献
12.
Lan-he Zhang Xiu-li Meng Ying Wang Li-dan Liu 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(8):595-601
In the industrial operation of biotrickling filters for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal, shock loads or starvation was common due to process variations or equipment malfunctions. In this study, effects
of starvation and shock loads on the performance of biotrickling filters for H2S removal were investigated. Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the changes of biomass and viable bacteria numbers
in the biotrickling filters during a 24-d starvation. Compared to biomass, viable bacteria numbers decreased significantly
during the starvation, especially when airflow was maintained in the absence of spray liquid. During the subsequent re-acclimation,
all the bioreactors could resume high removal efficiencies within 4 d regardless of the previous starvation conditions. The
results show that the re-acclimation time, in the case of biotrickling filters for H2S removal, is mainly controlled by viable H2S oxidizing bacteria numbers. On the other hand, the biotrickling filters can protect against shock loads in inlet fluctuating
H2S concentration after resuming normal operation. When the biotrickling filters were supplied with H2S at an input of lower than 1700 mg/m3, their removal efficiencies were nearly 98% regardless of previous H2S input.
Project supported by the Foundation for Society Development of Jilin Province (No. 20080412-1), the Education Research Foundation
for Science and Technology Development of Jilin Province, and the Foundation for Doctor Research in Northeast Dianli University
of Jilin Province (No. BSJXM-200710), China 相似文献
13.
郭文川 《河北能源职业技术学院学报》2014,(2):62-64
金马洼38块是辽河油田最早开展硫化氢防治的区块,初期采用干法脱硫工艺,该工艺流程简洁、设备简单、操作方便,但应用以氧化铁为主要成分的脱硫药剂硫容较低,存在很多不足。针对此现状研究开发的无定型羟基氧化铁脱硫技术,是根据无定型羟基氧化铁的技术特点针对天然气、油田伴生气等含高硫气体中硫化氢脱除的一种新型脱硫方法,是一种反应活性好、硫容高、易再生并回收硫的脱硫材料。 相似文献
14.
硫化氢（hydrogen sulfide,H2S）是继一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）和一氧化碳（carbon monoxide,CO）之后的第三种气体信号分子,其在体内由特殊的酶倦化产生,有其特殊的代谢过程.其在中枢神经系统中发挥着重要的作用,在生理状态下参与海马长时程增强、神经胶质细胞作用的发挥,通过影响下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴而影响神经内分泌过程,参与神经元氧化应激反应和脑血管功能的调节;H2S还参与多种中枢神经系统疾病如阿尔茨海默病、热性惊厥、唐氏综合症、脑缺血、脑缺血再灌注等的病理生理过程.该文就H2S在中枢神经系统的研究概况做了综述. 相似文献
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16.
利用NOx-空气氧化体系一步氧化硫化氢制硫磺。实验结果表明,在60℃下用NOx-空气催化氧化硫化氢30min后,采用气象色谱分析方法测定反应器里面残留气体中的硫化物含量,经分析计算得:此方法对硫的回收率可达99.28%。 相似文献
17.
随着现代生物技术不断的发展,环境生物技术在废水净化领域中显示出了独特的优势和巨大的潜力。本文综述了活性污泥法、固定化酶法、生物膜法、生物流化床技术、生物脱氮技术、以及微生物絮凝技术等生物技术在水处理中的应用进展。 相似文献
18.
本文采用去离子除氧水，由淀粉-醋酸锌-氯化钠-硫化钠等配制了硫化物标准溶液．实验结果表明，该法配制的硫化物标准溶液，室温下可稳定保存3个月，浓度基本不变，解决了硫化物标准溶液只能现配现标现用的稳定性问题． 相似文献