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Research suggests growth mindset, or the belief that knowledge is acquired through effort, may enhance women’s sense of belonging in male-dominated disciplines, like computing. However, other research indicates women who spend a great deal of time and energy in technical fields experience a low sense of belonging. The current study assessed the benefits of a growth mindset on women’s (and men’s) sense of intellectual belonging in computing, accounting for the amount of time and effort dedicated to academics. We define “intellectual belonging” as the sense that one is believed to be a competent member of the community. Whereas a stronger growth mindset was associated with stronger intellectual belonging for men, a growth mindset only boosted women’s intellectual belonging when they did not work hard on academics. Our findings suggest, paradoxically, women may not benefit from a growth mindset in computing when they exert a lot of effort. 相似文献
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Chris Forlin Graham Douglas John Hattie 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1996,43(2):119-133
This research addressed the question of educators’ beliefs about the rights of children with a disability to be included in regular schools. Principals and teachers from Education Support Centres (ESCs) and attached primary schools in Western Australia rated whether they considered children with either a physical or intellectual disability should be integrated full‐time or part‐time depending upon the degree of the disability (severe, moderate, mild). Acceptance of integration was lower for the child with an intellectual disability than for the child with a physical disability. Acceptance decreased as the degree of severity increased. Educators were more accepting of part‐time integration, but mostly only for the child with a mild or moderate disability. Educators from the ESCs were more accepting than were their regular school peers and as educators became more experienced they became less accepting of inclusion. Educators appeared to have strong beliefs regarding inclusive practices and these beliefs did not necessarily reflect the momentum towards greater inclusion. Discussion of this research focuses on the link between acceptance and commitment to the policy of inclusive education. 相似文献
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Josephine C. Jenkinson 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1989,36(2):69-84
SOME significant problems in the design of research with subjects having an intellectual disability are identified. A lack of agreement on the nature of intellectual disability in relation to brain impairment, and discrepancies in the interpretation of deficits in relation to information processing concepts create problems in the definition of subject groups and interpretation of results. Much of the research uses normal subject groups for comparison, matched with disabled groups for either mental age, chronological age, or both, and this has led to further problems in the criteria and procedures used for matching, particularly for mental age. Further difficulties are encountered in variability both within and between subject groups, affecting reliability of results and making replication of studies difficult. In addition, task demands, particularly in relation to variables other than those under immediate investigation, are not always equivalent for all subject groups. Some suggestions are made for reducing or eliminating the effects of some of these problems in experimental research, and the use of alternative designs which take subject variability into account is recommended. 相似文献
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Santiago Cueto Gabriela GuerreroClaudia Sugimaru Alvaro M. Zevallos 《International Journal of Educational Development》2010
Sense of belonging is the degree to which students feel integrated with their peers and teachers at school. This study describes sense of belonging among Peruvian students entering high school. Socioeconomic status had no direct effect on sense of belonging but had an indirect effect through achievement. Rural students had a higher sense of belonging than their urban peers. This is likely due to rural children seeing the larger, better equipped high schools as improvements over their relatively small and more isolated primary schools. Some general orientation activities were organized by teachers and principals aimed at all incoming first graders but nothing was designed specifically for students who might face difficulties in adjusting to high school. 相似文献
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以惠州市为研究对象,运用因子分析法,对城乡一体化综合水平进行测度与评价。根据测度结果对惠州市城乡一体化进程做出基本判断,并分析惠州市城乡一体化水平地域差异形成的原因,进而提出城乡一体化发展的基本构想与发展路径。 相似文献
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李峰 《咸阳师范学院学报》2011,26(6)
流动儿童已成为学校教育面对的一个特殊群体,流动儿童归属感缺失的影响因素及主要表现在于身份边缘、遭遇拒斥、教育不公、备受歧视、适应困难、文化混血等方面。全社会应从提升关注度、消除城乡二元壁垒、营造家庭氛围、缩短学校适应期、发展社区文化教育等几个方面帮助流动儿童建构归属感。 相似文献
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“两型”社会视野下农民工的道德融入与社区支持 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刘应君 《湖南广播电视大学学报》2010,(1):58-62
“融入”应该说是世界各国均会遇到的共同性问题,“城市融入”这一范畴是一种空间意义上的“融入”,强调农民工发生了空间迁移,由农村迁入到了城市,是对城市属性的选择性适应。而道德融入是一种社会层面的“融入”,强调农民工在道德层面的城市融入,是对城市道德属性的选择性适应。在“两型”社会建设中,大量农民工融入城市社区,不仅仅是农村人口的空间位移、户口变迁和职业转换．而是现代化意义上的“文化移民”。促进“两型”社会建设进程中的农民工道德融入。对于促进农民市民化角色转换的顺利进行,加速推进城市化进程,将起到十分重大的作用。社区作为连接个体与社会的桥梁与纽带,是社会的“具体而微”。加强社区建设,对于实现农民工道德融入具有十分重要的社会意义。而农民工在道德融入过程中遭遇到了来自社区的阻力,出现道德融入“受阻”现象,为农民工道德融入提供社区支持成为社区建设的重要任务,从社区建设维度探讨重构农民工道德融入的社区支持网络十分必要。 相似文献
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张燕 《延安教育学院学报》2013,(4):38-39,48
新型农村社区建设是实现城乡一体化战略的有效途径,在分析延安新型农村社区建设存在问题的基础上,提出了延安新型农村社区建设的对策。通过对农村社区管理机制的创新,农村社区服务体系的构建,逐步形成城乡各种资源的共享,最终实现城乡共同发展,并使广大农民共享现代化的文明成果。 相似文献
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M. Miles 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1998,45(4):431-448
Integration of children with disabilities in ordinary schools and extension of basic health care to rural areas developed slowly during the past 130 years in British India and then Pakistan, along with the rise of urban disability service centres. In the 1980s many centres experimented with outreach projects and varieties of Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR), but mental handicap (or intellectual disability) has had low priority in these efforts. Projects continued to be dominated by professionals and to undervalue latent family and community knowledge and capacities for management of mental handicap. More critical evaluation, analysis, and reflection have now begun. Strategies are suggested that start with the existing realities and strengths of families and communities, using professional knowledge to enhance rather than replace them. Promising examples from Bangladesh for enlisting formal and informal education and social welfare infrastructure to benefit children with mental handicap are described. 相似文献
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统筹城乡发展是重庆发展的历史机遇,也面临着许多的挑战,重庆高等教育资源有着自己独特的优势,可以通过重庆高等教育资源共享,在统筹城乡发展中发挥重要作用,包括为统筹城乡发展提供智力支持、提供产学研一体化研究平台、培养统筹城乡发展所需的各方面人才等。同时,为保证高等教育资源共享机制发挥有效作用,应重视构建多资源共享渠道,克服现实障碍,构建长效机制,并且使高校在促进统筹城乡发展中,扩大高等教育的影响力。 相似文献
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Josephine C. Jenkinson 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1992,39(1):61-76
TWO EXPERIMENTS were designed to investigate possible deficiencies in strategies used for decoding words by children with an intellectual disability. The experiments focused specifically on the use of letter position cues as aids to word identification. In Experiment 1,20 children with an intellectual disability (ID) aged 10 to 12 years were matched with two groups of nondisabled children, one for mental age (MA) and one for chronological age (CA), on a visual search task, with response times to array types (word, pseudoword, or nonword) and target position in positive arrays as the dependent variable. The ID group showed response time advantages only when the target letter was in the initial position of an array; however both nondisabled groups responded faster when the target letter was in either the initial or final position, compared to the medial position, and this pattern occurred for words (MA group) and words and pseudowords (CA group) but not for nonwords. Experiment 2 extended the investigation to the oral reading of isolated words. In substitution errors made by children with an intellectual disability, the incorrect word tended to resemble the test word only in the initial letter. In errors made by MA‐matched children, however, both the initial and final letters tended to be the same as those in the test word, suggesting that these are salient cues to word recognition. The findings are interpreted with reference to previous work on early reading acquisition and to research which suggests a more generalised deficiency in the acquisition and use of strategies by ID subjects in cognitive tasks. 相似文献
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This study investigated student teachers' efficacy beliefs, to determine if school setting (i.e., rural, suburban, and urban) impacted teachers' sense of efficacy. Each setting group exhibited significant increases in teachers' sense of efficacy following student teaching. The urban student teachers exhibited significantly lower teachers' sense of efficacy. We also examined the attributions (external or internal) the student teachers made following student teaching. The urban student teachers did not make more external attributions than the rural and suburban student teachers, and the patterns of the self-serving attributional bias as well as the fundamental attribution error were apparent. 相似文献
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城乡教育一体化是在教育公平的核心价值取向下,打破城乡二元僵局,建设城乡教育共同体,在保持与发挥城乡教育区域性特色与优势的基础上,促进城乡教育互动联结、相互帮扶、相互作用、消解差距,逐步实现城乡教育公平、共生共荣、协调发展的动态进程。城乡教育一体化的理论基础为教育公平理论、系统论与控制论、共同体理论、城市发展理论与和谐社会理论等。城乡教育一体化的内涵具有区别于城乡教育均衡和统筹城乡教育的独特性与阶段性。城乡教育一体化的特征为城乡教育目标共识、城乡教育观念互通、城乡教育地位互认、城乡教育资源共享、城乡教育责任共担、城乡教育优势互补、城乡教育困难互助和城乡教育活动共同参与。城乡教育一体化的进展可划分为自发型阶段、政府干预型阶段、高度自主型阶段。城乡义务教育一体化指标体系是由目标层、准则层和指标层三层构成的,可用以量化城乡义务教育一体化的内涵,监测城乡义务教育一体化的进程,并评价其发展水平。 相似文献
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调整农村社区建设中的中小学布局是实现城乡教育均衡发展、缩小城乡教育差距的一项重要措施。农村社区建设与中小学布局调整的耦合关系主要表现在：农村社区建设对中小学布局调整的促进作用,农村中小学布局调整对社区建设的支持作用。现阶段的农村中小学布局调整要顺应农村社区建设这个社会背景,与农村社区建设协调进行。 相似文献
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Residential and Lifestyle Changes for Adults with an Intellectual Disability in Queensland 1960-2001
As we celebrate 50 years of the Schonell Special Education Research Centre it is timely to consider changes that have occurred in the provision of residential services for people with an intellectual disability. Before the 1970s adults and children were cared for in large institutions using a medical model of care. In the mid-1970s a new developmental model based on education and training was implemented in response to the principle of normalisation and issues of social justice. The most dramatic changes have occurred in the last ten years with the decision to close large institutions and relocate residents into ordinary homes in the community. This paper describes changes in lifestyle for adults with an intellectual disability as a result of the move from institutional to community residential service provision. The Challinor Centre in Ipswich, Queensland, Australia provides examples of lifestyle changes that have occurred under different models of service provision during this time. Community living is described with research evidence validating the advantages of this type of service provision for residents with an intellectual disability. Outcomes have been documented through the use of group results and a case study of one individual following deinstitutionalisation describes the benefits of this new model of residential accommodation. 相似文献
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Attitudes toward family obligation among adolescents in contemporary urban and rural China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
A sense of obligation to support, assist, and respect the family was examined among approximately 700 urban and rural 10th- (M = 16.6 years) and 12th- (M = 18.9 years) grade students in the People's Republic of China. Urban male adolescents reported a weaker sense of family obligation than did rural male adolescents and both urban and rural female adolescents. Only children did not differ from those with siblings in terms of their attitudes toward family support and respect. A sense of family obligation was generally associated with more positive family relationships and a higher level of academic motivation among Chinese adolescents. Discussion focuses on how the shift to a market economy may influence adolescents' identification with the family in contemporary China. 相似文献
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做好易地扶贫搬迁后续帮扶工作是巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的重要举措。社区教育作为有效帮扶途径之一,不但有助于乡村振兴战略的落实、脱贫长效机制的建立、搬迁地区终身教育体系的构建,更有助于搬迁移民尽快适应新社区的生产生活方式,实现在搬迁后"稳得住、能致富"。国家与地方出台的相关文件、我国历史上的社区教育经验以及移民自身的学习需求,为开展易地扶贫搬迁移民社区教育提供了政策基础、实践基础和动力基础。易地扶贫搬迁移民社区兼具城镇与农村特征,故需从城乡融合视角制定其社区教育发展路径:一是以"稳秩序升内涵"为宗旨,确立社区教育的发展定位与目标;二是以"广服务融生活"为目标,构建社区教育的内容与载体;三是以"多形式活方法"为理念,组织与实施社区教育活动;四是以"成合力升效率"为指向,保障社区教育的运行与效率。总之,开展易地扶贫搬迁移民社区教育应当基于城乡融合发展理念,注重将其与产业发展和社区治理相结合。 相似文献
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城乡发展一体化是解决我国“三农”问题的根本途径,是构建新型城乡关系的根本目标。针对当前城乡发展的失衡现象,探索推动城乡发展一体化的具体路径与方法显得尤为迫切和重要。本文以安徽省为例,指出该省实施的美好乡村建设是推动城乡发展一体化的重要举措,并探讨了此项建设从改善全省农村人居环境、提升农村公共服务水平、促进农业产业化发展、提高农民生活品质四大路径推动全省城乡一体化发展。 相似文献
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Using data collected from a recent national survey of Australian first-year students, this paper defines and validates four scales – belonging, feeling supported, intellectual engagement and workload stress – to measure the student experience of university. These scales provide insights into the university experience for both groups and individual students, to assist institutions in supporting and managing successful outcomes for their students. These data highlight the particular importance of a sense of belonging and mitigating workload stress to addressing attrition risk. Many traditional equity groups were found to only differ significantly from ‘traditional’ students on the stress scale. However, these groups potentially contain enormous individual variation, and even the average experiences of these groups reveal that complexity in the engagement, motivation and sense of belonging of students from equity backgrounds. Importantly, the scales presented in this paper can easily be used by practitioners, researchers and institutions to identify risk of attrition at an individual level based on attitudinal factors rather than background or behavioural factors. This may inform university strategy and practice to enhance the student experience and increase retention across the sector. 相似文献