共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 406 毫秒
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黄晓丽 《临沂师范学院学报》2011,(6):30-33
当前国内有关青少年健康危险行为的研究逐渐增多．然而多数研究是关于各种健康危险行为流行率调查,存在着重复研究的现象。通过对青少年健康危险行为和社会分层的相关理论的研究．发现社会分层对青少年健康危险行为具有一定的影响,不同阶层的青少年在生理和心理上也表现出差异。从社会分层视角来考虑青少年健康危险行为,是研究的新视角,从这点出发制定出监测和干预方案也具有重要的实践意义。 相似文献
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青少年健康危险行为相关因素分析综述 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
周水波 《湖南科技学院学报》2007,28(12):125-128
青少年健康危险行为主要包括意外伤害行为、吸烟行为、饮酒和药物使用行为、性行为、饮食和锻炼行为、网络成瘾行为等，主要影响因素有家庭、学校、同伴、社会和个体心理特征，可分为危险因素和保护因素两类，对青少年健康危险行为的研究日益受到重视，问题行为理论是最有影响的理论模型，深入地研究危险行为发生的心理机制及影响因素，有利于更好地促进青少年的健康成长。 相似文献
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马迎华是北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所博士，副教授。自1993年以来，她一直从事儿童青少年身心发育规律、影响因素和相应的卫生要求及保健措施的教学与研究工作，负责或参与执行卫生部、教育部、世界卫生组织、美国国家疾病控制中心、联合国儿童基金会及联合国艾滋病规划署等组织机构委托或合作的多个科研项目。研究内容包括健康促进学校、预防艾滋病学校健康教育、青少年危险行为监 相似文献
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自我伤害行为对青少年身心健康和学习生活具有不利影响.本文旨在让社会更多关注,认识与预防自我伤害行为,因此文中着重探讨青少年自我伤害行为的定义与现状,并从个体特征因素、家庭与学校因素等方面解析与自我伤害的关联,以及如何预防与减少自我伤害行为的发生,促进青少年健康成长. 相似文献
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青少年违法犯罪的早期预防，是指青少年“在成长的过程中，在达到违法犯罪危险年龄”的早期，在违法犯罪思想和行为形成之前，或违法犯罪的意念，苗头暴露之时，抓好教育，制止、预防和挽救工作，联合国预防和控制犯罪委员会也认为：趁青少年未来行为模式正在形成的早年，进行早期预防，对受到危害的儿童和青少年犯罪进行早期挽救，是控制和预防犯罪的重要领域。因此，对青少年犯罪实施情境预防更是直接和首要的。“情境”常被解释为“情景、境地”或“情形、景象”，指的都是具体环境，它包含着具体环境中的人文状况和自然环境，而情境预防… 相似文献
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攻击行为一直是心理学和社会学关注的热点。研究发现,影响青少年攻击行为的因素多种多样,主要有个体因素(包括生理因素和认知因素)、社会媒介因素、家庭因素、学校因素和物理因素。应有针对性地对青少年的攻击行为进行多种途径的干预和预防,如科学认识青少年攻击行为的起因,树立正确的态度;重视家庭在预防和干预青少年攻击行为方面的作用;转变教育观念,优化学校教育;解决诱发青少年攻击行为的社会媒介因素,减少外部诱因;完善立法,规范青少年的行为等。从而减少或消除青少年的攻击行为,促进其人格和品德的健康发展。 相似文献
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陈雪梅 《襄樊职业技术学院学报》2009,8(3)
健康教育是培养人们健康意识和健康心态,消除或减少健康危险因素,预防疾病,帮助人们建立良好的健康行为和生活方式,达到身心和谐发展的教育过程.通过对健康认识发展、健康教育内涵发展的阐述,分析了健康的整体性、客观性、主观性和动态性.强调了学校开展健康教育的重要性. 相似文献
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青少年极端偏差行为的心理分析与教育策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国青少年的自杀、杀人与弑师等极端偏差行为具有不断增多的趋势.生命意识的缺失、应对挫折能力的不足、情绪不稳定与归因偏差是导致青少年极端偏差行为出现的心理因素.要预防和减少青少年极端偏差行为的出现,就必须以生命意识教育为核心、培养青少年应对外界挫折的能力、培养青少年的情绪智力与归因能力,促进青少年形成健全的人格. 相似文献
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Peer contagion of adolescent males' aggressive/health risk behaviors was examined using a computerized "chat room" experimental paradigm. Forty-three 11th-grade White adolescents (16-17 years old) were led to believe that they were interacting with other students (i.e., "e-confederates"), who endorsed aggressive/health risk behaviors and whose ostensible peer status was experimentally manipulated. Adolescents displayed greater public conformity, more internalization of aggressive/health risk attitudes, and a higher frequency of actual exclusionary behavior when the e-confederates were high in peer status than low. Participants' level of social anxiety moderated peer contagion. Nonsocially anxious participants conformed only to high-status peers, whereas socially anxious participants were equally influenced by low- and high-status peers. The role of status-maintenance motivations in aggression and risk behavior, and implications for preventive intervention, are discussed. 相似文献
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Daniel Moulin-Stożek Jokin de Irala Carlos Beltramo Alfonso Osorio 《Journal of moral education》2018,47(4):466-480
How young people spend time out of school is important for their character development. In this article we explore the relationships between adolescents’ leisure time and other aspects of their lives, with a particular focus on religion. Using a data set generated by secondary school students in Peru and El Salvador (n = 6085) for a public health project, YOURLIFE, we conducted multiple logistic regression analyses of the relationships between religious identification, salience and practice; five indicators of adolescent risk behaviors; and, four indicators of prosocial attitudes and behaviors. In addition to not participating in risk behaviors such as sex, smoking, drinking alcohol and taking illicit drugs, these analyses show significant relationships between religion and prosocial activities and attitudes. These data are considered in the context of the wider debate over the role of religion in adolescent character development in Latin America and elsewhere. 相似文献
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《Parenting, science and practice》2013,13(3):179-195
Objective. To compare parent and youth reports of the extent to which parents monitor their adolescents and to determine whether parents' perceptions of parental monitoring are more predictive of adolescent risk behavior. Design. Data were obtained from a cross-sectional sample of 270 parent - adolescent dyads recruited from rural communities in West Virginia. Parents completed a series of written questionnaires, and adolescents (12-16 years) provided information about their involvement in various risk behaviors. Results. Parent perceptions of parental monitoring efforts did not relate to adolescent perceptions of parental monitoring; parents generally perceived themselves to have more information about their adolescents' whereabouts and activities than their adolescents reported. No main effects of age or gender were found in the discrepancies between parent and adolescent monitoring reports. Adolescent reports of monitoring were negatively correlated with adolescent drinking, marijuana use, and sexual activity over the previous 6-month period. Adolescent risk behaviors were predicted by adolescent reports of parental monitoring alone. Conclusions. Parents and adolescents perceive the magnitude of parental monitoring efforts differently even when both parties perceive parents to know much about adolescent activities. Adolescents' perceptions of how much their parents know about their activities are more predictive of their own involvement in risk behaviors than their parents' perceptions about their own monitoring efforts. 相似文献
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Seth J. Schwartz Sabrina Des Rosiers Shi Huang Byron L. Zamboanga Jennifer B. Unger George P. Knight Hilda Pantin José Szapocznik 《Child development》2013,84(4):1355-1372
This study examined longitudinal acculturation patterns, and their associations with family functioning and adolescent risk behaviors, in Hispanic immigrant families. A sample of 266 Hispanic adolescents (Mage = 13.4) and their primary parents completed measures of acculturation, family functioning, and adolescent conduct problems, substance use, and sexual behavior at five timepoints. Mixture models yielded three trajectory classes apiece for adolescent and parent acculturation. Assimilated adolescents reported the poorest family functioning, but adolescent assimilation negatively predicted adolescent cigarette smoking, sexual activity, and unprotected sex indirectly through family functioning. Follow‐up analyses indicated that discrepancies between adolescent and parent family functioning reports predicted these adolescent outcomes. Results are discussed regarding acculturation trajectories, adolescent risk behavior, and the mediating role of family functioning. 相似文献
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Tara M. Augenstein Sarah A. Thomas Katherine B. Ehrlich Samantha Daruwala Shelby M. Reyes Jeffrey S. Chrabaszcz 《Parenting, science and practice》2016,16(3):164-186
Objective. Parents’ poor monitoring of adolescents’ whereabouts and activities is commonly linked to adolescents’ increased engagement in delinquent behaviors. Yet, different domains of parental monitoring (parental monitoring behaviors versus parental knowledge) and reports from multiple informants (parent versus adolescent) may vary in their links to delinquent behavior. Design. Seventy-four parental caregivers and 74 adolescents completed survey measures of parental monitoring and knowledge, and adolescents completed self-report surveys of delinquent behavior. Results. We observed low-to-moderate magnitudes of correspondence between parent- and adolescent-reports of parental monitoring behaviors and parental knowledge. Adolescent self-reported delinquent behavior related to parent and adolescent reports of parental monitoring behaviors and parental knowledge, with adolescents who self-reported engagement in delinquent behaviors evidencing lower levels of parental knowledge and higher levels of poor monitoring compared to adolescents who did not self-report engagement in delinquent behaviors. Adolescent self-reported engagement in delinquent behaviors evidenced stronger links to parental monitoring when based on adolescent reports of monitoring (relative to parent reports), whereas stronger links held between adolescent self-reported delinquent behavior and parental knowledge when based on parent reports of knowledge (relative to adolescent reports). Conclusions. Links between monitoring and adolescents’ delinquent behavior vary by the kind of monitoring measure completed as well as the informant completing the measure. These findings inform measurement selection in research and clinical assessments of parental monitoring and adolescent delinquent behavior.` 相似文献
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This study investigated the long-term relationship between abusive parenting and adolescent mental health, and the path to delinquent behavior. Longitudinal data from 5th through 7th graders from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) were analyzed to examine if abusive parenting was a predictor of early adolescent delinquency behavior, via aggression and depression as mediating factors. The results were as follows. First, parental abuse (both emotional and physical) was found to have significant effects on children's psychosocial factors (aggression and depression), while parental neglect (both emotional and physical) had significant effects on depression alone and not on aggression. Second, aggression exerted significant effects on both violent and non-violent delinquent behaviors, while depression had a significant effect on only non-violent delinquent behaviors. Third, children's psychosocial factors (aggression and depression) played significant mediating roles between earlier abusive parenting and delinquent behaviors. Fourth, for children living in a family with their grandparents, paths from abusive parenting, psychosocial adaptation, and later delinquent behaviors were not significant, implying that living with grandparents played a protective factor in these relationships. 相似文献
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用韧性理论的思路探讨青少年问题行为是近20年来心理学发展的重要成就之一。传统的思路主要强调寻找引发问题行为的因素,并力图通过消除这些因素来减少青少年的问题行为,而韧性理论则强调危险因素和促进性因素二者的均衡。在系统介绍韧性理论的概念、历史和三大模型——补偿性模型、保护性模型和挑战模型的基础上,探讨韧性理论在青少年问题行为研究中的应用,不仅总结了与补偿性和保护性模型相关的重要研究成果,还指出了该理论在中国的应用前景以及存在的不足和未来的发展方向。 相似文献
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The evidence for association between child maltreatment victimization and later maltreatment perpetration is both scant and mixed. The objective of the present study was to assess the association between childhood maltreatment experiences and later perpetration of maltreatment in young adulthood controlling for proximal young adult functioning, prior youth risk behaviors, and childhood poverty. The study included 6,935 low-income children with (n = 4,470) or without (n = 2,465) maltreatment reports prior to age 18 followed from ages 1.5 through 11 years through early adulthood (ages 18–26). Administrative data from multiple regional and statewide agencies captured reports of maltreatment, family poverty and characteristics, system contact for health, behavioral risks and mental health in adolescence, and concurrent adult functioning (crime, mental health and poverty). After controlling for proximal adult functioning, repeated instances of neglect or mixed type maltreatment remained associated with young adult perpetration. Females and subjects with adolescent history of runaway, violent behaviors or non-violent delinquency also had higher risk. Greater caregiver education remained associated with reduced risk. The study concludes that prevention of recurrent neglect and mixed forms of maltreatment may reduce risk of maltreatment for future generations. Intervening to increase parental education and decrease adolescent risk behaviors may offer additional benefit. 相似文献
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Rebekah Levine Coley Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal Holly S. Schindler 《Child development》2009,80(3):808-827
Transactional models of problem behavior argue that less effective parenting and adolescent problem behaviors coevolve, exerting bidirectional influences. This article extends such models by analyzing growth trajectories of sexual risk behaviors and parenting processes among 3,206 adolescents (aged 13–18) and their residential parents. Within individuals, increases in regular family activities prospectively predicted declines in adolescents' risky sexual activities. In contrast, increases in risky sexual activities predicted heightened father knowledge. Between-individual comparisons revealed bidirectional links between more involved parenting, particularly family activities and father knowledge, and lower adolescent risky sexual activity. Results highlight the importance of family activities as a protective force for adolescents and suggest that fathers may react differently than mothers in the face of youth problem behaviors. 相似文献