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气固并流顺重力场与逆重力场流动形成了迥然不同的流态化机制.与提升管相比,下行床具有气固速度及颗粒浓度径向分布较均匀、气固停留时间短而一致等特点,其流型更接近平推流. 相似文献
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建立了热风炉栅格燃烧器内空、煤气流动混合过程的三维物理、数学模型,对燃烧器内流场特性和组分浓度均匀性进行了数值模拟。计算结果揭示了燃烧器内空、煤气流场结构及混合过程;得到了燃烧器空气和煤气通道的阻力系数、速度均匀度以及组分浓度均匀度;同时分析了冷风配气均匀度的影响因素,为热风炉燃烧特性的研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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RH和RH-KTB精炼过程中钢液流动和混合特性的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
The flow and mixing characteristics of molten steel during the vacuum circulation refining,including RH(Ruhrstahl-Heraeus) and RH-KTB(Ruhrastahl-Heraeus-Kawasaki top blowing) processes,were investigated on a 1/5 linear scale water model of a 90t multifunction RH degasser,The circulation rate was directly and more accurately determined,using a new method by which the more reliable results can be obtained.The fluid flow pattern and flow field in the ladle were demonstrated,observed and analyzed.The mixing time of liquid in the ladle was measured using electrical conductivity method.The residence time distribution in the RH model was obtained by tracer response technique.The influence of the main technological and geometric factors,including the gas top blowing*(KTB) operation,was examined.The results indicated that the circulation rate of molten steel in the RH degasser can be fairly precisely calculated by the formula:Q1p=0.0333Qg^0.26Du^0.69Dd^0.80(t/min),where Qg-the lifting gas flow rate(NL/min);Du and Dd-the inner diameters of the up and down-snorkels(cm),respectively.The maximum value of circulation rate of molten steel in the case of the 30cm diameters either of the up-and down-snorkels for the RH degasser(the “Saturated” rate) is approximately 31 t/min.the corresponding gas flow rate is 900NL/min.Blowing gas into the vacuum chamber through the top lance like KTB operation does not markedly influence the circulatory flow and mixing charateristics of the RH process under the conditions of the present work.There exist a major loop and a large number of small vortices and eddies in the ladle during the RH refining process.A liquidliquid two-phase flow is formed between the descnding stream from the down-snorkel and the liquid around the stream.All of these flow situation and pattern will strongly influence and determine the mixing and mass transfer in the ladle during the refining.The correlation between the mixing time and the stirring energy density is τmε^0.50 for the RH degasser.The mixing time rapidly shortens with an increase in the lifting gas flowrate.At a same gas flow rate,the mixing times with the up-and down-snorkel diameters either of 6 and 7cm are essentially same.The 30cm diameters either of the up-and down-snorkels for the RH degasser would be reasonalble.The concentration-time curve showed that three circulation cycles are at least needed for complete mixing of the liquid steel in the RH degasser. 相似文献
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针对某厂连铸中间包,本文按照几何相似和Fr准数相等的原则建立水模型并采用刺激-响应的测量方法对中间包内钢液流动状态进行评价。研究发现,现有挡墙结构能够使中间包内部流体流动状况得到较大改善;随着拉速的增加,钢液在中包内的平均停留时间和滞止时间减小,不同流之间的均匀性降低;随着中包液位的增高,平均停留时间和不同流之间的均匀性都有所增加。因此建议应当保证钢液良好的纯净度、均匀性以及生产过程的稳定性,并将中间包液面稳定在某一相对较高的高度。 相似文献
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以对苯乙烯磺酸钠改性硝酸根型镁铝水滑石,将其与丁苯橡胶（SBR）混炼,制备水滑石/橡胶复合材料。用硫化仪、万能测试仪及热重分析仪对其结构与性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,在过氧化物硫化体系中,随着水滑石含量的增加,SBR/水滑石复合材料的焦烧时间变化幅度不大,最大小扭矩之差逐渐减小,且经过有机修饰的水滑石变化幅度更大。其次,加入水滑石后,复合材料的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率出现先增后降的趋势,在水滑石含量为3～5%时最佳;同时水滑石的加入也提高了橡胶的热稳定性。 相似文献
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Based on the momentum conservation approach, a theoretical model was developed to predict the superficial liquid velocity, and a correlation equation was established to calculate the gas holdup of an annular external- loop airlift reactor(AELAR)in the bubble flow and developing slug flow pattern. Experiments were performed by using tap-water and silicone oil with the viscosity of 2.0 mm2/s(2cs-SiO)and 5.0 mm2/s(5cs-SiO)as liquid phases. The effects of liquid viscosity and flow pattern on the AELAR performance were investigated. The predictions of the proposed model were in good agreement with the experimental results of the AELAR. In addition, the comparison of the experimental results shows that the proposed model has good accuracy and could be used to predict the gas holdup and liquid velocity of an AELAR operating in bubble and developing flow pattern. 相似文献
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针对气淬粒化装置中高炉渣颗粒的凝固行为,采用凝固熔化模型、流体体积函数模型和离散坐标辐射模型进行了三维瞬态模拟。考虑炉渣凝固过程中的物性参数变化,主要研究了颗粒的凝固过程、相界面移动速度、颗粒温度分布及周围空气速度分布。结果表明:颗粒凝固过程中固相分布不均匀,迎风面固相厚度大于背风面,这主要由迎风面空气速度比背风面快所致;固相-模糊区界面和模糊区-液相界面移动速度先增加后降低,这是由于在颗粒凝固前期导热系数的影响占主导地位、在凝固后期导热热阻的影响占主导地位;在凝固过程中,颗粒温度由外向内逐渐升高,内部温度降低缓慢。 相似文献
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建立了气相色谱法测定硬脂酸甲酯催化加氢产物中十八醇含量的方法,从而能够简便地对实验室合成十八醇方法的可行性及有效性进行评估.考察了氢气压强、载气压强、空气压强和色谱柱温度等因素对硬脂酸甲酯催化加氢产物分离分析的影响.选定的最佳分离条件为：氢气压强为0.08 MPa,载气（N2）压强为0.18 MPa,空气压强为0.1 MPa,色谱柱温度为205℃.在这种条件下,十八醇能够在5 min得到分离检测.最终测得实验室采用的两种不同合成条件下产物1和2中十八醇的含量分别为8.7%和30.1%.结果表明,合成条件2优于合成条件1,但仍需改进以提高十八醇的产率. 相似文献
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INTRODUCTION Coking wastewater is generated in the produc- tion of coke, coal gas, tar and other coke by-products The coking wastewater includes inorganic pollutants such as ammonia, cyanogen, sulfocyan, heterocycle compounds and polycyclic aromatic compounds such as phenol, oils, naphthalene, pyridine, quinoline and anthracites, which are difficult to biodegradation under aerobic conditions (Ganczarczyk, 1972). Dis- charge of coking wastewater to the environment may cause severe contamin… 相似文献
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Different two-equation k-ε models were used to simulate the gas flow field generated by a new type of circulating fluidized bed reactor with venturi gas distributor. The numerical results were compared with the experimental data. It has been shown that the simulation results from the standard k-ε model have the best match with the experimental data. Based on this model, the gas flow field in the venturi diffuser and riser was analyzed by the concept of velocity nonuniformity and dead zone percentage. Both the nonuniformity of gas velocity and the dead zone percentage reach the maximum at the venturi outlet due to the effect of the vortex. At the same time, it provides a good platform for the further optimization of the inlet configuration of circulating fluidized bed reactor. 相似文献
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Experimental study has been conducted to determine the solubility of natural gas in liquid at temperatures of 293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 313.15 K at atmosphere pressure. Ethanol, n-bexane and n-heptane were selected as solvents in the experiment. The solubility data of methane in the mixing solvents were determined and the experimental data were calculated with the PR and PRSV equation of state(EOS). The calculated average absolute deviations for the two kinds of ternary systems CH4/n-C6H14-C2H6O and CH4/n-C7H16-C2H6O are 1.92% and 1.85% for PR EOS and 2.11% and 1.87% for PRSV EOS, respectively. 相似文献
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The desalination of brackishor sea wateris widelyap-plied to the water supply in China and around theworld[1—4]. The common desalination methods , such asmultistage flesh, multi-effect distillation and reverse osmo-sis, usually require high initial costs and skill oper-ation[5 ,6]. For this reason,these desalination techniquesare mostlyreliable for large capacity of fresh water produc-tion but not economical in the water-shortage areas wherewater demand is decentralized or proper infrastructu… 相似文献
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气升式内环流反应器的液相流动混合模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1Introduction Internalairliftloopreactor(AL)[1],originatedfrom bubblecolumn(BC)[2],isanefficientreactor.Itsspe cialsuperiorties,suchasthesimplicityofitsdesign andbettertransportrates,makeitveryattractivein fermentationengineering,wastewatertreatmentand cellsculture.Asisknown,themixinglevelofthe fluidisdirectlyaffectedbytheflowcharacteristicsof liquid.Thetwo phaseflowinreactorisverycomplex andincompletemixingbecauseofbackmixing,dead zone,bypassandtime lapse.Generally,theresearch isbasedontwoi… 相似文献
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Kinetics of esterification of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid with methanol catalyzed by cation exchange resin
The kinetics of esterification of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid with methanol in the liquid phase catalyzed by cation exchange resin, D001, was studied. The experiments were carried out in a stirred batch reactor at 318, 323, 328, 333, 338, 341 K under atmospheric pressure, It is found that the speed of rotating rate has no effect on the esterification rate in the range of 300-500 r/min and the effect of internal mass transfer resistance is not obvious. The effects of temperature and catalyst loading on the reaction rate were researched under the condition of eliminating the effect of diffusion. The rate was found to increase with the increase of the temperature and catalyst loading. The experimental data were correlated with a kinetic model based on the pseudo- homogeneous catalysis, The kinetic equation for describing the reaction catalyzed by cation exchange resin was developed, The experimental data are in good agreement with the model 相似文献
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富氧浸出机理及其在氰化提金中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文简述了金氰化学反应和氧在金氰化浸出中的重要作用,论述了富氧浸金机理及其在氰化提金中的应用.从研究资料表明,利用富氧浸出,可提高金溶解速度和显著提高金浸出率,并能增加浸出设备的生产能力.由于缩短浸出时间,从而降低了氰化物单耗量. 相似文献
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马俊林 《十堰职业技术学院学报》2000,13(2):10-15
探讨了环管反应器中高粘度催化剂的混合特征，研究了液体循环速率、催化剂粘度对混合过程的影响，并对混合过程进行了观察分析，建立了该过程的教学模型，模型值和实验值吻合较好。 相似文献
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吕华 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2010,10(1):53-56
采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（HDTMA）对天然累托石进行改性,并以聚乙烯醇（PVA）包埋材料,将其制备成颗粒状吸附剂,然后分别在静态和动态条件下对水中酸性橙Ⅱ进行吸附试验。结果表明,颗粒状改性累托石对水中酸性橙Ⅱ有很好的脱色效果,在静态条件下,脱色率最高可达99％以上,等温吸附规律可用Freundlich和Langmuir模式较好地模拟。在动态吸附条件下,随着进水浓度的增加,穿透时间明显缩短,但耗竭时间却基本相同;随着吸附柱高度的增加,穿透曲线的形状变化不大,穿透时间和耗竭时间延长;随着流速的增加,穿透时间及耗竭时间均缩短。 相似文献