共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
王里奥 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(2):16-20
IntroductionDuringthelastdecades,thephrase“ecosystemhealth”hasbeenusedwithincreasingfrequencyinliterature.Theconceptof“health”wasexpandedfromitstraditionaldomainsofapplicationattheindividualandpopulationlevelstothatofthewholeecosystem[1].Thisnewlyexpandedconceptinvolvesassessmentofthefunctionsofcomplexecosystemsmaintainedorimpairedbyhumanactivity.AccordingtoD.J.Rapport[1],the“ecosystemhealth”bothasaconceptandanemergingpracticecantraceitsearliesthistorytoseminalideasinthewritingsofthefa… 相似文献
2.
ZHANG Ji-gao 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(3):361-369
Particle pollution in air, also sometimes known as fine dust contamination, may cause electric contact failure. Recent research further proved that the fine particle is becoming a major disruption of the electronic connectors in signal transmission system. This paper specifies the connector contact in mobile phone application. To study the contact failure of mobile phone, a series of inspections and analytical research methods are introduced. Special features that cause the contact failure are summarized. Particle accumulation is the main problem; organic material such as lactates from sweat of the human body may act as adhesives to stick the separate particles together and make them adhere on the contact surface; chemical properties of dust cause serious local corrosion. The corrosion products may trap the particles and firmly attach on the contact surface; micro motion frequently occurs at the contact interface. Hard particle can be embedded into the surface, and soft particle could be squeezed and inserted into the contact; silicon compounds in dust play the most important role in forming high resistance regions that lead to failure; deposition of particles depends on the amount of materials, static electricity attracting force and gravity force applied on the particles. Current dust test can hardly reflect the serious contact failure. It is difficult to simulate the complexity of contact failure caused by particle contamination. Thus alternative ways of simulation experiment and improvement of contact reliability are proposed. 相似文献
3.
Ann L. McCann 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2010,35(7):799-818
A case study was conducted in 2006–07 to explore how one US campus implemented a centralised e‐assessment system. The study specifically measured the extent of adoption by faculty members, identified their reasons for adoption and evaluated the impact on teaching and learning. The purposes of the system, entitled researching learning (REAL, a pseudonym), were to measure student learning, meet accountability requirements and assist the university in becoming a learning organisation. An electronic database included programme assessment plans, results and sample instruments. The system also included a peer review process to improve plans by an assessment committee of faculty and administrators. 相似文献
4.
TAO Guibao LIU Fei WANG Shilong College of Mechanical Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing P.R. China 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):1-5
1.IntroductionTheeconomicglobalizationandmutablemarketgiverisetotheglobalizationofmanufacture.Manufacturingcompaniescooperatewitheachother,meanwhile,theyconfrontswithmoreintensemarketcompetition.Enterprisesadoptadvancedmanufacturingtechnologies,equipmentsandmodernmodessoastosurviveanddevelopwell,andthentheautomaticprocessingworkshopsappearwherenewandoldNCmachinetoolsemployinginhomogeneousnumericalcontrolsystemscoexist.Toincreasetheefficiencyofmachinetoolsandimprovetheproductionmanagementlevel… 相似文献
5.
Anuleena Kimanen 《British Journal of Religious Education》2016,38(3):264-278
Confessionality is a term which is seldom defined but often used. One of its meanings is enhancing the religiosity of pupils. In Finland, pupils are provided with religious education in their own religion. Does this produce more religious young people than a neutral or multi-religious education would produce? Interviews with 15–16-year-old Muslim pupils at three different Finnish comprehensive schools are examined in order to answer this question. The young Muslims themselves usually regarded their families as the most important factor in their religious identity, although they also acknowledged and valued the impact of school. For them, knowledge of Islam was an important asset. Some peer group influence could also be detected, although the interviewees stressed the fact that their faith was a matter of individual choice. Islamic religious education certainly provides an arena for developing religious attitudes and models of behaviour, but other factors determine whether these models are received or not. The focus of defining the degree of confessionality should be shifted from the outcomes to the process of teaching, and in particular the question as to whether the religious education class can be seen as a safe space for every pupil. 相似文献
6.
This study was designed to provide a general picture of infant vocal-motor coordination and test predictions generated by Iverson and Thelen's (1999) model of the development of the gesture-speech system. Forty-seven 6- to 9-month-old infants were videotaped with a primary caregiver during rattle and toy play. Results indicated an age-related increase in frequency of vocal-motor coordination, greater coordination with arm (specifically right arm) than leg or torso movements, and a temporal pattern similar to that in adult gesture-speech coproductions. Rhythmic vocalizations (consonant-vowel repetitions) were more likely to occur with than without rhythmic movement, and with rhythmic manual than with nonmanual activity, and the rate of vocal-manual coordination was higher in babblers than in prebabblers. 相似文献
7.
Catherine Truss 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(4):365-377
This paper addresses the broad question of whether or not the UK SEN system works from the perspective of the parent and the child, at the moment when a need first becomes apparent. The sparse literature on this topic suggests parental experiences may differ substantially, but there is growing evidence from small‐scale studies that parents are unhappy with the situation and children’s needs are not being met. The findings of a longitudinal participant observation study are presented. It is argued that current conceptualisations of the SEN system are located exclusively or primarily within the educational domain and fail to take into account the full complexity of the system. To access support via the SEN system, a child and his/her parents have to interact within three distinct domains: educational, legal and medical, and in each of which the child occupies a qualitatively different space as “pupil”, “case” and “patient”. There is scope for errors and failings to occur within each domain, at multiple levels, and in the interstices between domains. Furthermore, at all levels, the system has both formal and informal dimensions. We argue that this alternative “whole systems” perspective on the SEN system transcends current conceptualisations and that existing “solutions” proposed to improve the SEN system will not work unless they take into account these complex dynamics. 相似文献
8.
Ida Bull 《History of education》2013,42(4):425-426
This article discusses how the Norwegian urban school system was developed during the eighteenth century. In the cities, there were laws for Latin as well as Danish schools. During the eighteenth century, schools for poor children were established, while towards the end of the century the importance of the school system in relation to the economic functioning of society was discussed. A broader range of schools was developed in most cities, meant for children of different social origins and social prospects, and different for boys and girls. The article argues that the school system was used to make the population more industrious during a period when trade capitalism made the social division in society sharper and different forms of organisation of labour were attempted. The attention on children’s education was turned from consideration of the children’s spiritual future to their preparation for a working life that served economic ends. 相似文献
9.
Richard Hatcher 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(5):599-619
In this article I use the concept of ‘re‐agenting’ to explore and explain the role of non‐state agencies, principally private companies and business entrepreneurs, as key instruments in the government’s transformation of the school system in England. Their role takes both for‐profit and not‐for‐profit forms. The outsourcing to private companies of the implementation of government education policies and the delivery of educational services to schools and local authorities has created a profitable market. Equally significant is the growing involvement of the private sector in schools through the sponsorship of specialist schools and Academies on a non‐profit basis. 相似文献
10.
System design and analysis of the trans-critical carbon-dioxide automotive air-conditioning system 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
INTRODUCTIONAftertheKyotoProtocolwassigned ,theworldwiderefrigerationandair conditioningin dustryfaceduptogreatchangesintheenviron mentalproblem .Forautomotiveair conditioning(AAC) ,thecurrentrefrigerant,R 13 4a ,hasbeenregardedasrestricted use refrigeran… 相似文献
11.
Beer fermentation is a dynamic process that must be guided along a temperature profile to obtain the desired results. Ant colony system algorithm was applied to optimize the kinetic model of this process. During a fixed period of fermentation time, a series of different temperature profiles of the mixture were constructed. An optimal one was chosen at last. Optimal temperature profile maximized the final ethanol production and minimized the byproducts concentration and spoilage risk. The satisfactory results obtained did not require much computation effort. 相似文献
12.
13.
On the basis of analyzing the system constitution of vehicle semi-active suspension,a 4-DOF(degree of freedom)dynamic model is established.A tunable fuzzy logic controller is designed by using without quantification method and taking into account the uncertainty,nonlinearity and complexity of parameters for a vehicle suspension system.Simulation to test the performance of this controller is performed under random excitations and definite disturbances of a C grade road,and the effects of time delay and changes of system parameters on the vehicle suspension system are researched.The numerical simulation shows that the performance of the designed tunable fuzzy logic controller is effective,stable and reliable. 相似文献
14.
Ana‐Cristina Popescu 《Journal of educational administration and history》2010,42(3):315-336
Following the fall of the Iron Curtain in December 1989, the Romanian system of education has started a deep process of reconstruction that asked for a comprehensive package of reforms among which decentralisation. Broadly the paper aims to make a contribution to the emerging knowledge base about the realities of restructuring of post‐communist education systems and the impact that governance through markets is having on public services. The paper focuses on presenting and discussing the attempts to decentralise pre‐higher education in Romania in considering the role of the state and governance in the provision of public services and the introduction of market mechanisms in education. The decentralisation of education has been proposed by the then Minister of Education Andrei Marga. Although decentralisation in pre‐higher education has been piloted for three academic years and the policy documents that introduced it have been permanently amended and updated, more than a decade later, this reform has not reached its aims mainly due to the various changes on the political scene. However, provided that no major amendments will be made to the Laws of National Education (2009), decentralisation in pre‐higher education will be a reality from 2010–11. 相似文献
15.
Brad Gobby 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2016,37(1):16-29
The Australian Federal and state governments have been introducing neoliberal reforms to the governance of their education systems for a number of decades. One of the most recent programs of reform is the Western Australian Independent Public Schools (IPS) initiative. Similar to decentralizing reforms around the world, the IPS program seeks greater school autonomy from the state education bureaucracy by providing selected principals and school communities with a range of responsibilities. This paper seeks to better understand the kind of post-welfare form of government IPS enacts. Using concepts from the governmentality literature, this paper analyses documents related to the program, and interview data collected from key government officials responsible for the initiative. It finds that while IPS renders operable a neoliberal critique of the public sector by implementing the processes of contractualization, it also diverges from the ideal schema of neoliberalism. Analysis reveals that a number of strategic, pragmatic and political concerns have resulted in what some may view as a contradictory rationality of “the system” being instituted as a key element in this autonomizing reform. The paper calls for attention to the actual operationalizing of neoliberal reform projects to gain a nuanced understanding of modern regimes of rule. 相似文献
16.
The present study analyses Finnish higher education steering system, management by results, from the perspective of higher education institutions. We ask what happens inside a higher education institution, called here the “Campus University”, during the actual negotiations related to the national steering system. We analyse not only the management by results as a steering system but pay close attention to the social space created by this managerial fad. The social space of the negotiations is constructed by different kinds of unofficial elements of social interaction; the physical space, the expected behaviour of the negotiators, the seating arrangements, the coffee servings, and the “small talk”. These elements of interaction are part of the polity of the negotiations and they are controlled by the chairperson of the negotiations. They form the modes of the social space of these negotiations. Therefore, the social space of the negotiations not only supports the hierarchical character of the ritual, but also makes it natural for the Rector to use power to allocate resources because s/he represents the institution. The analysis is based on qualitative and ethnographic methods of research. 相似文献
17.
郑玲 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(1)
~~under the sliding mode controller. It shows that the sliding mode controller yield almost perfect tracking to the reference model. It can be seen in Fig.6 that the acceleration of sprung mass under sliding mode controller is controlled within ?.7 m/s2. Fig.7 shows the robustness and stability of the sliding mode controller to the parameter variations of the system to be controlled, in this case, a relative decrease of 10 % in the sprung mass and a relative increase of 15 % in the stiffness o… 相似文献
18.
It has been shown in recent economic and statistical studies that combining forecasts may produce more accurate forecasts than individual ones,However,the literature on combining forecasts has almost exclusively focused on linear combining forecasts.In this paper,a new nonlinear combination forecasting method based on fuzzy inference system is present to overcome the difficulties and drawbacks in linear combination modeling of non-stationary time series.Furthermore,the optimization algorithm based on a hierarchical structure of learning automata is used to identify the parameters of the fuzzy system.Experiment results related to numerical examples demonstrate that the new technique has excellent identification performances and forecasting accuracy superior to other existing linear combining forecasts. 相似文献
19.
INTRODUCTION Total quality management (TQM), as a manag- ing concept and method, achieved much in every aspect of life, has been praised highly by various managers and supervisors, and has been commonly applied in libraries in the world. But, as a newly mushrooming digital library, there are still different opinions and ideas on its operation model and man- aging method (Li, 2005). Based upon thorough re- search on the TQM system, the problem of applying TQM in digital library is discu… 相似文献
20.
Jian LIU Quan-bao WANG Hai-tao ZHAO Ji-an CHEN Ye QIU Deng-ping DUAN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2013,14(1):38-46
The optimization design of the power system is essential for stratospheric airships with paradoxical requirements of high reliability and low weight. The methodology of orthogonal experiment is presented to deal with the problem of the optimization design of the airship’s power system. Mathematical models of the solar array, regenerative fuel cell, and power management subsystem (PMS) are presented. The basic theory of the method of orthogonal experiment is discussed, and the selection of factors and levels of the experiment and the choice of the evaluation function are also revealed. The proposed methodology is validated in the optimization design of the power system of the ZhiYuan-2 stratospheric airship. Results show that the optimal configuration is easily obtained through this methodology. Furthermore, the optimal configuration and three sub-optimal configurations are in the Pareto frontier of the design space. Sensitivity analyses for the weight and reliability of the airship’s power system are presented. 相似文献