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1.
Beliefs of experienced and novice teachers about achievement 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stelios N. Georgiou 《教育心理学》2008,28(2):119-131
The aim of this study was to examine the beliefs that experienced and novice teachers hold about school achievement. It is important to investigate these beliefs and attributions because of the significant role that teachers play in the lives of most children. A group of Greek Cypriot elementary school teachers (n = 154) and a comparable group of teacher education students (n = 159) completed the Beliefs About School Achievement (BASA) scale. It was found that, in comparison to student teachers, experienced teachers tend to attribute achievement more to factors that are biologically determined, uncontrollable by the child, and stable over time – such as intellectual ability. They also believe significantly more than student teachers that factors such as gender and family background play an important role in child achievement. In contrast, novice teachers believe more in the role that teachers play in student learning and in the importance of student effort. 相似文献
2.
While claims of the importance of attribution theory and teachers’ expectations of students for student performance are repeatedly
made, there is little comprehensive research identifying the perceptions preservice teachers have of students with learning
disabilities (LD). Accordingly, 444 Australian preservice primary school teachers were surveyed using vignettes and Likert-scale
questions, to ascertain their responses to students with and without LD. It was found that preservice primary school general
education teachers held a negative attribution style towards students with LD. Preservice primary teachers perceived students
with LD as a lacking ability in comparison to others in the class. Recommendations for research and training programmes conclude
the paper. 相似文献
3.
Despite the recommendations of some measurement specialists, teachers do not always assign grades based on achievement only. The primary purpose of this study is to clarify the meaning of grades, and to examine some of the factors teachers consider when assigning final grades with a focus on borderline cases. The sample consisted of 516 American public school teachers, selected via stratified random sample in a major metropolitan school district in the Southeast. A 53-item survey using Guttman’s mapping sentences, previously piloted in a separate school district, was created and distributed. Teachers were provided with scenarios that described student ability, achievement, behavior, and effort and the teacher was asked to assign both a numerical and letter grade. A four-way between-subjects ANOVA was conducted with the student characteristics ability, achievement, behavior, and effort as independent variables and final grade as the dependent variable. Findings demonstrate that teachers abided by the official grading policy of the participating school district assigning grades based primarily on achievement under most circumstances, however, in some borderline cases teachers report considering non-achievement factors. Implications for pre-service and in-service professional development are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Alexander S. Yeung Rhonda G. Craven Gurvinder Kaur 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》2014,42(3):305-320
One’s self-concept and value perceptions can significantly influence one’s behaviours and beliefs. Australian teachers from urban and rural areas of the state of New South Wales were asked to respond to survey items on two predictors (teacher self-concept, valuing of learning) and three outcomes. Confirmatory factor analysis established the five latent factors. Structural equation modelling found significant paths from teacher self-concept to both student-centred and teacher-centred approaches but not beliefs about student ability. The positive path from valuing of learning to student-centred teaching was statistically significant but the path to teacher-centred teaching was not. The significant path from valuing of learning to beliefs about student ability was negative indicating that teachers who value student learning were less likely to believe in ability constraints. Therefore, teacher preparation programmes should enhance self-concept simultaneously with teaching skills and values and facilitate an advocacy for students’ learning. 相似文献
5.
Stelios N. Georgiou Constantinos Christou Panayiotis Stavrinides Georgia Panaoura 《Psychology in the schools》2002,39(5):583-595
The aim of this study was to examine the relation between teacher attributions of student school failure and teacher behavior toward the failing student. A structural equation model was proposed and its ability to fit the data was tested. It was found that teachers tend to behave in ways that indicate more pity and less anger when they attribute a student's low achievement to her or his low abilities, whereas they express more anger when attributing low achievement to the student's low effort. In contrast to previous research that argues in favor of anger as a high ability cue, this study has found that the presence of anger was associated with a teacher tendency to give‐up efforts to help the student improve. This giving‐up behavior was negatively related to the tendency of the teachers to accept some responsibility for the student failure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
6.
Eveline de Boer Fred J. J. M. Janssen Jan H. van Driel 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2016,27(3):303-324
To increase the teacher efficacy of student teachers, they need positive classroom experiences: mastery experiences. These mastery experiences have to be created by the student teachers themselves. Therefore, student teachers need a tool to better understand problematic teaching experiences and help them create positive classroom experiences. Nine student biology teachers used this attribution support tool when reflecting on multiple lessons taught in classes they considered difficult. They scored their lessons and filled in a teacher efficacy questionnaire after each lesson. The results show that teacher efficacy increased and the number of failures during the lessons decreased; on average, the self-awarded marks per teacher per lesson increased, indicating an increase in mastery experiences. Therefore, the attribution tool seems to be a promising tool for student teachers to enhance their teacher efficacy and to support reflection on problematic teaching experiences. 相似文献
7.
国内外学者越来越意识到教师不当教学行为是一种潜在的课堂教学问题,是学生缺乏学习动机、对学习不满以及产生冲突矛盾的潜在根源,因此教师的不当教学行为逐渐成为国内外研究者关注的话题。文章主要从教师不当教学行为的内涵、教师不当教学行为分类、教师不当教学行为对学生的影响,教师不当教学行为归因及纠正策略五个方面对国内外关于教师不当教学行为的相关研究进行概述。 相似文献
8.
Hostile attribution bias (HAB) has been shown to predict aggressive behavior, especially toward peers. The current study examined whether HAB is also related to conflict with teachers, an important predictor of academic and social success in school‐aged children. A total of 282 second to fourth grade boys in 74 classrooms completed a self‐report measure of HAB toward teachers, while their teachers assessed conflict in the teacher–student relationship. Results supported the presence of a positive relationship between HAB toward teachers and conflict with teachers. These findings suggest that HAB toward teachers may be an indicator of difficulties and, pending further research, a potential avenue for intervention to improve teacher–student relationships. 相似文献
9.
谈高职高专教师的自我效能感 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刘琼 《南昌教育学院学报》2010,25(1)
教师自我效能感是指教师相信自己有能力对学生的学习产生积极影响的一种知觉和信念。国内外的研究表明:教师的自我效能感与教师的教育教学行为、学生的学业成绩和人格形成之间存在着密切关系。本文分析了影响高职高专教师自我效能感的因素,并提出了提高高职高专教师效能感的策略。 相似文献
10.
Abstract Strong teacher education programs acknowledge the importance of a partnership between teacher education and public school faculties and the important role mentor teachers play in the education of student teachers. Studies suggest that mentor teachers trained in supervision are more effective than those who are not. This article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a workshop for mentor teachers that reflects the collaborative effort of university and public school faculties. The particular focus of this workshop was on giving feedback to student teachers. Evaluation data suggest that mentor teachers felt the workshop provided helpful information. 相似文献
11.
郭文哿 《沈阳教育学院学报》2009,11(3):99-101
论述了师生关系在教学工作中的重要性;分析了传统的教育方式、片面追求分数及网络时代等对师生关系的影响;提出构建新型师生关系的有效途径——提升教师素养、提升学生的主体地位、加强师生沟通交流等。 相似文献
12.
Over the last decade many districts implemented performance pay incentives to reward teachers for improving student achievement. Economic theory suggests that these programs could alter teacher work effort, cooperation, and retention. Because teachers can choose to work in a performance pay district that has characteristics correlated with teacher behavior, I use the distance between a teacher's undergraduate institution and the nearest performance pay district as an instrumental variable. Using data from the 2003 and 2007 waves of the Schools and Staffing Survey, I find that teachers respond to performance pay incentives by working fewer hours per week. Performance pay also decreases participation in unpaid cooperative school activities, while there is suggestive evidence that teacher turnover decreases. The treatment effects are heterogeneous; male teachers respond more positively than female teachers. In Florida, which restricts state performance pay funding to individual teachers, I find that work effort and teacher turnover increase. 相似文献
13.
14.
This article considers the positive aspects of inclusion in Australian primary schools through a historical account of the nation's journey to adopting current policies and practices. The authors suggest that across the different states the picture is positive as there are clear attempts to make Australian schools as inclusive as possible. The importance of adequately resourcing schools to support teachers in the implementation of an inclusive environment is discussed as being second in importance to teacher attitudes to inclusion. The combination of these two factors has a direct influence on a school's ability to be effectively inclusive as it is the teacher at the ground level who must ensure inclusion is effective. As a result of improvements in teacher education programmes at universities, where inclusive education subjects are now compulsory, teaching in an inclusive environment is the ‘professional positive’ of teacher practice, which may potentially improve educational outcomes for all involved. 相似文献
15.
Suzanne M. Rice 《Educational Research for Policy and Practice》2010,9(3):177-192
Of the school-level factors that have an impact on student learning, one of the most powerful appears to be the effectiveness
of the individual teacher. The most effective teachers are, therefore, one of the most important tools schools and systems
have at their disposal to lift the achievement of socio-economically disadvantaged students and improve equity, and policy
must be designed in such a way as to draw more of them to the most disadvantaged educational settings. To do this, systems
and schools need to be aware of differences in the priorities more and less effective teachers hold in deciding where to teach.
This study highlighted such differences in a large sample of Australian teachers. The most effective teachers placed considerably
more importance on professional factors in determining whether to transfer into a school. Implications for staffing policy
are discussed. 相似文献
16.
基础教育英语课程标准改革已经10余年,但新的课程理念仍旧无法为教师所接受,课堂上仍旧难以实施真正的以学习者为中心。以一名中国新入职教师和一名澳大利亚在中国任教的新入职教师为案例,通过课堂观察和访谈的方式,分析其课堂管理、教学方法、儿童教育观背后的文化成因可以发现,一个民族的文化因素是影响教师教育教学观念和教学行为的主要因素,因此,职前教师教育和在职培训应该专注价值观的教育,而相应的教师教育课程改革也势在必行。 相似文献
17.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》2004,20(3):313-323
The present research examined and compared Australian and Chinese teachers’ personal efficacy in instruction, discipline, guidance and beliefs about external influences. Two staged studies were conducted with the participation of 316 Australian teachers (108, 208 in first and second stages, respectively) and 411 Hong Kong Chinese teachers (138, 273, respectively). Results of multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses indicated highly comparable factorial structures of teacher efficacy for the two groups, although personal guidance efficacy was more differentiated from personal instruction and discipline efficacy among Australian teachers. Evidence is provided for the need to incorporate cultural factors into future teacher efficacy research. 相似文献
18.
19.
高媛 《陕西教育学院学报》2014,(2):45-47
全球范围内出现的教师教育改革,强调教师在专业发展和个人成长的过程中,要有意识通过系统的自主学习和研究实现专业化的发展。树立中小学教师自主学习观,加强理论学习与创新健全中小学教师专业成长制度保障体系,搭建多种平台,鼓励中小学教师自主学习等都可以促进中小学教师自主学习能力的发展。 相似文献
20.
教师心理健康对学生发展的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Jin Dongxian doctoral candidate at the Psychology Research Institute Renmin University of China editor at the journal of Educational Research China National Institute for Educational Research 《教育研究》2008,(1)
教师的个体因素不仅影响着其个人工作的成败,更重要的是深刻而长远地影响着学生的发展。教师的情绪状态不仅会影响到教师自身的认知、动机和行为系统,也会对学生的认知、动机和行为系统产生直接或间接的影响。班级心理环境或氛围可能是教师人格影响学生发展的中介变量。教师的问题行为是其心理健康问题的外在表现,而教师的不良言行或问题行为又往往会给学生造成师源性心理伤害或心理行为问题。消极的师生关系模式比积极的师生关系模式更能够强烈地影响到儿童的适应能力。 相似文献