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1.
Motivation in recent years has come to be looked at as one of several key factors influencing learning and teaching in formal as well as in informal education. This paper looks at motivation for literacy acquisition and underlines the complexity of motivational factors, expressed in different historical strands: political; economic/functional; religious.The need to consider various motivations in literacy programmes and approaches has become more and more recognized, not only on a practical but increasingly on a more theoretical level. Holistic approaches and institutional collaboration become important.A growing Zairian literacy programme constitutes the basis of this paper which enquires into grassroots level motivations on the part of participants and local leaders. The programme is multilingual, its approach touches various motivations and its structures are linked to churches. In the light of these parameters the most prevalent aspects of motivation turned out to be those building self-esteem.The paper concludes that the structures in to which a literacy programme is inserted, its goals and philosophy are largely responsible for the building of motivation, as they—at least in the programme evaluated—provide the framework where the newly acquired skills can be applied. Thus, in this programme a link is demonstrated between the delivery of literacy and the development of motivation. A wider application of these skills may require collaboration between the various institutions interested in the target population and their educational advancement.  相似文献   

2.
In this research, the authors examined the construct validity of scores of the Academic Motivation Scale using exploratory structural equation modeling. Study 1 and Study 2 involved 1,416 college students and 4,498 high school students, respectively. First, results of both studies indicated that the factor structure tested with exploratory structural equation modeling provides better fit to the data than the one tested with confirmatory factor analysis. Second, the factor structure was gender invariant in the exploratory structural equation modeling framework. Third, the pattern of convergent and divergent correlations among Academic Motivation Scale factors was more in line with theoretical expectations when computed with exploratory structural equation modeling rather than confirmatory factor analysis. Fourth, the configuration of convergent and divergent correlations connecting each Academic Motivation Scale factors to a validity criterion was more in line with theoretical expectations with exploratory structural equation modeling than with confirmatory factor analysis.  相似文献   

3.
The ARCS Model of Motivational Design has been used myriad times to design motivational instructions that focus on attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction in order to motivate students. The Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS) is a 36‐item situational measure of people's reactions to instructional materials in the light of the ARCS model. Although the IMMS has been used often, both as a pretest and a posttest tool serving as either a motivational needs assessment prior to instruction or a measure of people's reactions to instructional materials afterward, the IMMS so far has not been validated extensively, taking statistical and theoretical aspects of the survey into account. This paper describes such an extensive validation study, for which the IMMS was used in a self‐directed instructional setting aimed at working with technology (a cellular telephone). Results of structural equation modeling show that the IMMS can be reduced to 12 items. This Reduced Instructional Materials Motivation Survey IMMS (RIMMS) is preferred over the original IMMS. The parsimonious RIMMS measures the four constructs attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction of the ARCS model well, and reflects its conditional nature.  相似文献   

4.
ABSTRACT

Motivation and self-regulation were examined in a sample of community college transfer students enrolled in a 4-year, online university. The relation between motivation and self-regulation and students’ performance was examined, as was the association between these learner characteristics (i.e., motivation and self-regulation) and sociodemographic factors (e.g., marital status, employment status). Motivation was found to be significantly correlated with both semester and cumulative grade point average (GPA), while associations between self-regulation and performance were more limited. Further, motivation was found to be a significant predictor of semester GPA in a model controlling for sociodemographic factors and prior achievement. Motivation and self-regulation were also found to differ according to students’ sociodemographic status. For instance, transfer students with children under 18 were found to have significantly higher levels of motivation than nonparents. Those employed full-time had lower levels of self-regulation than did their nonemployed peers. Implications for further research on community college transfer students and online learning are discussed.  相似文献   

5.
课程材料是为教师所用,用于设计和实施教学的重要教学资源。有关课程材料使用的问题一直是国际学科教育界关注的热点。一般来说,研究"课程使用"的理论视角可分为四类:"忠实或颠覆"、"利用"、"诠释"和"互动"。近些年,学者们更倾向于采用"互动"的理论视角并设计出不同的"课程使用"分析模型。大量的研究表明,影响"课程使用"的因素可以归纳为教师个人特质、学生特质和社会情境三个方面。  相似文献   

6.
The motivation for return to study, as measured by the Continuing Education Women Questionnaire (modified), of 117 mature age female graduates with children was compared with that of 118 former mature age female students with children who had discontinued a degree program before graduation. Motivation was found to relate to a number of predictors, including previous education, age, marital status, family life cycle stage, satisfaction with previous employment and family support for return to study. Interrupters as a group were found to be similar in motivation to graduates. However, certain subgroups of interrupters scored higher on those aspects of motivation which stressed study as a way to ameliorate or escape from unpleasant or difficult life circumstances. These same difficult circumstances in turn made graduation more unlikely and led to discontinuance. The conclusion is drawn that life circumstances may be a more parsimonious predictor of attrition in this population than motivation.  相似文献   

7.
论英语学习动机的培养策略   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
动机是影响语言学习的非常重要的情感因素。影响学习动机的主要因素有学习者需求、学习兴趣和社会环境等，英语教学中可采用目标性和计划性学习、持久性学习和情感等策略，以培养学生英语学习动机。  相似文献   

8.
Recently a number of investigators have suggested that classification differences in the Ainsworth Strange Situation (anxious and secure patterns of attachment) may be due largely or in part to endogenous temperamental variation. In doing so, these investigators have suggested a dimensional-trait approach in place of a qualitatively different taxonomic approach. Moreover, much evidence is directly contrary to a strong temperament interpretation of attachment patterns (changing attachments, differing attachments with different caregivers, prospective data on the early characteristics of infants later classified as securely or anxiously attached). Other interactionist temperament models currently have not been tested sufficiently. At the same time, a host of research findings support the interpretation that Ainsworth assessments capture aspects of the relationship between infant and caregiver, as derived from the history of their interaction. This includes direct evidence from observations of infants and mothers over time, the influence of varying patterns of care within and between cultures, the impact of factors presumed to influence quality of care (e.g., social support, life stress, caregiver family history), and predictions of later parent behavior from strange situation assessments of infant behavior. The importance of understanding attachment as a relational concept is twofold: it represents a theoretical and paradigmatic shift of importance for many aspects of developmental psychology, and it opens the way for more productive research on temperament, the interaction between temperament and experience, and important process studies of the unfolding of the infant-caregiver relationship.  相似文献   

9.
Numerous theoretical frameworks have been developed to explain the gap between the possession of environmental knowledge and environmental awareness, and displaying pro-environmental behavior. Although many hundreds of studies have been undertaken, no definitive explanation has yet been found. Our article describes a few of the most influential and commonly used analytical frameworks: early US linear progression models; altruism, empathy and prosocial behavior models; and finally, sociological models. All of the models we discuss (and many of the ones we do not such as economic models, psychological models that look at behavior in general, social marketing models and that have become known as deliberative and inclusionary processes or procedures (DIPS)) have some validity in certain circumstances. This indicates that the question of what shapes pro-environmental behavior is such a complex one that it cannot be visualized through one single framework or diagram. We then analyze the factors that have been found to have some influence, positive or negative, on pro-environmental behavior such as demographic factors, external factors (e.g. institutional, economic, social and cultural) and internal factors (e.g. motivation, pro-environmental knowledge, awareness, values, attitudes, emotion, locus of control, responsibilities and priorities). Although we point out that developing a model that tries to incorporate all factors might neither be feasible nor useful, we feel that it can help illuminate this complex field. Accordingly, we propose our own model based on the work of Fliegenschnee and Schelakovsky (1998) who were influenced by Fietkau and Kessel (1981).  相似文献   

10.
Constructivist and conceptual change perspectives on learning have given rise to a number of models of constructivist classroom teaching. Motivation has been recognized as an important factor in the construction of knowledge and the process of conceptual change, so one could expect that motivation strategies would be integral components of constructivist‐informed teaching. The purpose of this paper was to examine, by literature review, the extent to which motivation strategies have been included in extant models of constructivist‐informed teaching. The study involved the development of a list of motivation strategies, based on current motivation constructs. Several constructivist‐informed teaching models were then analysed. It was found that these models were rather limited in the extent to which they had explicitly integrated motivation. It was also found that some aspects of the models were not entirely in accord with current views of motivation. Finally, a motivational model of constructivist‐informed teaching was developed and its three components were described.  相似文献   

11.
The foundation degree is an intermediate-level qualification designed to widen participation in higher education while providing work-related skills and knowledge. It has a vocational focus and a pedagogic approach that integrates academic and work-based learning. Research into opportunities and the process of learning within foundation degrees is limited, particularly that which looks in depth at personal development occurring within these courses. This study contributes to the literature in this area, reporting on the results of a case study of the foundation degree in medicines management (University of Portsmouth). A key finding of this work was that knowledge was gained within a community of practice, and led to students’ development as individuals. Motivation, learning to learn and guidance and feedback, alongside peer learning within the course, were central aspects of this process. The learning and personal development taking place resulted in increased awareness, confidence and empowerment in students, which was reported to influence their work and personal lives. However, the development of specialist work-related skills and knowledge was found to be limited, questioning the fitness for purpose of the course researched. While key aspects of the subject investigated have been described in this work, further research is needed to understand this complex phenomenon.  相似文献   

12.
Applying a structural equations modelling methodology, the study analyses the relationships and effects of self-regulated learning (social interaction learning strategies and motivation) and first-year university experiences on permanence in the sophomore year. The participants are 239 first-year students in different Engineering degrees at a public university in south-eastern Spain. Two alternative structural models are evaluated, showing the superiority of the model where first-year university experiences completely mediate the effects of self-regulated learning on permanence. Motivation and social interaction learning strategies show direct effects on first-year university experiences, and first-year university experiences, in turn, show direct effects on permanence; additionally, both motivation and social interaction learning strategies have indirect effects on permanence via first-year university experiences. The noteworthy theoretical implications of the results are discussed, as well as the teaching methodology and support services provided to first-year university students.  相似文献   

13.
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14.
文章对来昆明参加国家汉办汉语文化短训班的53位泰国和韩国汉语教师进行了问卷调查。当被问及在汉语教学工作中最重要的因素时,他们将重点放在了与汉语教学直接相关的价值与教学目标这两方面。当谈到对待现有工作的态度以及从工作中获得的奖励时,他们强调了工作给予的内在收获,而不是外在的奖励。关于工作价值题项的因子分析表明,有五种明确的基本需求及需要动机：关系,外部,自我实现,自主性和组织机构支持等动机。对工作奖励题项也进行了因子分析,出现了以下七种因子,这些因子与工作价值因子有部分重叠,即职业地位,关系/内部奖励,外部奖励,工作/事业满意度,名誉,得当的管理与自尊奖励等动机。根据以上数据,文章认为,就工作与事业的满意度而言,比起教师现正从事的具体工作,他们会对其职业的选择感到更加满意。  相似文献   

15.
在介绍西方激励理论兴起和演进过程的基础上,从效用的新视角重新审视西方激励理论。西方激励理论对激励对象效用价值研究的长处与对激励对象个体输入的研究不足这两个基本方面。在如何通过满足个体需求来调动个体为实现组织目标而努力工作时,引入了效用价值,使得该理论得到了人们的认可,但是西方激励理论对个体输入研究不足,未考虑个体输入的质量和数量对激励作用的影响。因而其研究仍需拓展和深化。  相似文献   

16.
动机是影响外语学习非常重要的情感因素之一。本文从认知的角度分析影响外语学习的动机因素,探讨认知的动机理论给外语学习带来的启示,并提出相应的对策。  相似文献   

17.
Motivation is one of the most psychological topics of this science. It constitutes the very nature of what psychology is about — namely, how people regulate multiple interactions within the world, including themselves. Motivation was and is interpreted very differently, depending on the various theoretical and methodological positions. In this paper the perspective of the so-called socio-cultural or cultural-historical school which was founded by Vygotsky, Lurya, Leontyev and their co-workers will be described with the aim to reveal a number of ideas that might be useful even for research on motivation in our days. However, it is impossible to give a complete picutre of the theoretical and methodological positions of this rich and ramified tradition line here. Thus, the following explanations will be confined to one central part of it, namely the elaborated activity theory, above all, the work of Alexej Leontyev. In this paper, first the concept of activity and then the concept of motivation will be outlined in its theoretical framework. These will subsequently be made concrete with respect to motives of learning activity. Finally, some current perspectives and open problems will be mentioned.  相似文献   

18.
高职院校应用写作课是一门实用性很强的公共课,本应是一门学生乐意学习的课程,然而教学情况并非如此,其中一个很重要的原因就是学生对该学科认知不足,学习动机缺乏。本文从奥苏贝尔的学习动机理论、高职应用写作课堂学习动机激发的必要性、高职院校应用写作学习动机激发策略几个方面进行阐述,以求有效解决高职院校应用写作课学生学习积极性不高,学习效果较差的问题。  相似文献   

19.
Increasingly in elementary schools, there has been a focus on the influence of school-level factors on students’ learning. The way in which the learning environment is organised in schools and classrooms is likely to influence students’ opportunities to carry out inquiry. Most studies have focused on the effects of the amount of schooling, rather than effects attributable to support for inquiry in the school context. This study clarifies aspects of school contexts that support inquiry at the school level and describes the development of an inventory to assess school contexts. The Primary School Characteristics Inventory has three components named Motivation for Student Inquiry, Organisational Structures to Support Inquiry and Structures to Support Inquiry Strategies in School. The instrument was effective for identifying schools with varying levels of support for inquiry, suggesting that some schools might need to modify the school context if students are to carry out inquiry in a self-directed way.  相似文献   

20.
动机是影响英语口语学习的重要因素。动机研究的先驱者Gardner和Lambert把学习动机归为两大类,即融入性动机和工具性动机。学习动机与口语学习成绩、态度和策略有着千丝万缕的联系。在英语口语学习中,工具型动机比融合型动机的作用更大。  相似文献   

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