共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 625 毫秒
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杨光辉 《濮阳职业技术学院学报》2010,23(1):125-127
了解攻击行为的产生机制对预防和干预现实中的攻击行为具有重要的指导意义,兴奋迁移模型、脚本理论、认知新联系理论、社会信息加工模型和一般攻击模型从不同的角度给我们以理论启示。 相似文献
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攻击行为一直是心理学和社会学关注的热点。研究发现,影响青少年攻击行为的因素多种多样,主要有个体因素(包括生理因素和认知因素)、社会媒介因素、家庭因素、学校因素和物理因素。应有针对性地对青少年的攻击行为进行多种途径的干预和预防,如科学认识青少年攻击行为的起因,树立正确的态度;重视家庭在预防和干预青少年攻击行为方面的作用;转变教育观念,优化学校教育;解决诱发青少年攻击行为的社会媒介因素,减少外部诱因;完善立法,规范青少年的行为等。从而减少或消除青少年的攻击行为,促进其人格和品德的健康发展。 相似文献
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对于人类的攻击行为，学者们提出很多理论解释。其中一般情绪攻击性模型得到了广泛认可。在介绍该模型的基础上回顾了对其的实证研究，并提出进一步研究的方向。 相似文献
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攻击行为是儿童常见的一种社会行为。可分为主动性攻击和被动性攻击、直接攻击和间接攻击,影响因素主要有家庭关系、挫折、消极意图理解。应当结合攻击行为的类型和影响因素正确地控制与纠正。 相似文献
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吴旻烨 《中国科教创新导刊》2014,(14):134-135,137
一般把任何有目的地伤害他人（或其它生物）,而被伤害者则试图回避的这种行为称作是攻击行为.幼儿攻击行为一直都是教师和家长特别关注的现象,它是幼儿健康领域中的一个重要问题,影响着幼儿性格与品德的形成,还可能成为今后各种各样行为问题的导火索.影响幼儿攻击行为发展的因素有很多,包括生物学因素和社会文化因素.如何正确引导和教育幼儿减少攻击行为,对于幼儿的身心健康发展起到了至关重要的作用.本文结合小班幼儿攻击行为的个案作出分析,从生物学因素、社会文化因素两种角度提出相应的解决策略和引导方法,正确引导幼儿的行为发展,提高幼儿的道德发展水平. 相似文献
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攻击行为因其伤害性和破坏性受到人们的关注.传统意义上,人们普遍认为攻击行为是一种专属男性的行为,随着攻击研究的深入,人们发现女孩的攻击行为有着与男性不同的表现形式,与身体攻击相比,女孩更偏爱关系攻击.文章从关系攻击行为的表现形式、影响因素及其干预措施三个方面,探讨了女童攻击行为,以促进幼儿的健康发展. 相似文献
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本研究对深圳市1022名幼儿的攻击行为和家庭环境等因素进行了调查。结果发现:(1)幼儿攻击行为检出率为5.56%,不同性别幼儿攻击行为的检出率差异无统计学意义(p>0.05),不同年龄组幼儿的攻击行为问题检出率差异有统计学意义(p<0.05),两两比较发现:各年龄组之间只有4岁组和6岁组幼儿的攻击行为检出率差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。(2)具有攻击行为的幼儿,其家庭成员的亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教观和组织性的均值低于无攻击行为幼儿的家庭成员(p<0.05),而矛盾性均值高于无攻击行为的幼儿。(3)多因素非条件Logistic回归分析发现,家庭矛盾性是幼儿攻击行为的危险因素,娱乐性是保护因素。家庭环境不良的幼儿易发生攻击行为。 相似文献
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国外儿童攻击行为研究综述 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
陈秋燕 《泉州师范学院学报》2005,23(1):140-145
国外学在儿童攻击行为领域的主要研究成果有：1、攻击行为的起因源于人际间的冲突行为，冲突情境的存在是攻击行为产生的前提；2、儿童攻击行为的形式可分为身体攻击和言语攻击，攻击类型可分为敌意性攻击和工具性攻击或反应性攻击和前慑性攻击。攻击形式、类型及诱因随年龄变化而发生变化；3、对长期攻击性儿童的研究发现，个体的气质、情感、注意及认知因素与其攻击性程度高低之间有较密切的关系。 相似文献
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Group Social Context and Children's Aggressive Behavior 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Melissa E. DeRosier Antonius H. N. Cillessen John D. Coie Kenneth A. Dodge 《Child development》1994,65(4):1068-1079
Very little is known about the influence of the social-psychological context on children's aggressive behavior. The purpose of this research was to examine the interrelations of group contextual factors and the occurrence of aggressive behavior in 22 experimental play groups of 7- and 9-year-old African-American boys. Group context was examined before, during, and after an aggressive act as well as during nonaggressive periods. The results showed that there are dimensions of group context (i.e., negative affect, high aversive behavior, high activity level, low group cohesion, competitiveness) that were related to the occurrence of aggressive behavior between 2 children in the group. Group context influenced how children reacted to aggression between its members (e.g., siding with the victim), which in turn influenced the quality of the postaggression group atmosphere. This study suggests that individual-within-context information be incorporated into theories of aggression among children. 相似文献
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Community violence exposure, social cognition, and aggression among urban elementary school children 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The effects of witnessing community violence on aggressive cognitions and behavior were investigated in an ethnically diverse sample of 4,458 children living in urban neighborhoods. Prior violence exposure had a significant effect in increasing aggression, normative beliefs about aggression, and aggressive fantasy. Although exposure to violence predicted aggressive behavior both in Grades 1 through 3 (ages 5-8) and Grades 4 through 6 (ages 9-12), the effects on social cognition were only evident in the later grades. Furthermore, the effect of violence exposure on aggression in the later grades was partially mediated by its effect on social cognition. These findings suggest that witnessing community violence has an effect on children's aggressive behavior through both imitation of violence and the development of associated cognitions as children get older. 相似文献
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求偶抑制记忆可以减少雄果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)对处女蝇的求偶行为,并且这种记忆属于长时间记忆.目前有关求偶抑制记忆对果蝇攻击行为影响的研究一直很缺乏.研究中,以野生型果蝇CS株作为实验对象,通过数字摄像机对果蝇行为进行记录,然后根据录像对果蝇潜伏期及头撞次数两种行为学指标进行统计分析,最后通过t检验分析得出求偶抑制记忆是否对果蝇攻击性造成影响的结论.结果表明,求偶抑制记忆可以延长雄果蝇在争夺交配权时的潜伏期,但对争夺食物时的潜伏期却无明显影响.同时,求偶抑制记忆对争夺交配权时和争夺食物时的头撞次数均无明显影响.推断求偶抑制记忆特异的作用于争夺交配权时的潜伏期,从而使果蝇打斗潜伏期延长,攻击性减弱.在打斗开始之后发生的攻击行为可以部分消除求偶抑制记忆对果蝇的影响,使果蝇部分的恢复攻击能力. 相似文献
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Cognitive social learning mediators of aggression 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
This research explored links between aggression in elementary school children and 2 classes of social cognitions that might influence children's decisions about whether to behave aggressively. Aggressive and nonaggressive children (mean age 11.3 years) responded to 2 questionnaires. One questionnaire measured children's perceptions of their abilities to perform aggression and related behaviors (perceptions of self-efficacy), and the other measured children's beliefs about the reinforcing and punishing consequences of aggression (response-outcome expectancies). Compared to nonaggressive children, aggressive subjects reported that it is easier to perform aggression and more difficult to inhibit aggressive impulses. Aggressive children also were more confident that aggression would produce tangible rewards and would reduce aversive treatment by others. There were negligible sex differences in perceived self-efficacy for aggression but large sex differences in anticipated social and personal consequences for aggression, with girls expecting aggression to cause more suffering in the victim and to be punished more severely by the peer group and by the self. It was concluded that children's knowledge of their capabilities and children's knowledge of the consequences of their actions are factors that need to be taken into account by cognitive models of aggression. 相似文献
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Paul Boxer Dara Musher‐Eizenman Eric F. Dubow Stephanie Danner Donna M.L. Heretick 《Psychology in the schools》2006,43(3):331-344
This article describes qualitative and quantitative assessment based on responses of 221 teachers from nine elementary schools in two districts (urban and suburban) to inform plans for reducing and preventing student aggression. Teachers' perceptions of students' aggressive behavior and beliefs were validated against students' self‐reports and archival disciplinary data. Using a brief survey, we found district‐ and grade‐level differences in teachers' perceptions of students' aggressive behavior and aggression supporting cognitions. Teacher reports on these two constructs each uniquely predicted teacher perceptions of the degree to which student aggression interferes with their jobs. Focus‐group interviews with teachers were used to elaborate on individual‐cognitive and ecological school factors related to student aggression, including procedures for handling aggression. The importance of teacher reports is highlighted, and implications for school program development are considered. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 43: 331–344, 2006. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the distinct forms (i.e., physical and relational) and functions (i.e., proactive and reactive) of aggressive behavior during early childhood ( n = 101; M age = 45.09 months). Forms, but not functions, of aggressive behavior were stable over time. A number of contributors to aggression were associated with distinct subtypes of aggressive behavior. Females and socially dominant children were more relationally aggressive and older children were less physically aggressive than their peers. Longitudinal analyses indicated that social dominance predicted decreases in physical aggression and peer exclusion predicted increases in relational aggression. Overall, the results provide support for the distinction between subtypes of aggression in early childhood. 相似文献
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Gender Differences in Children's Normative Beliefs about Aggression: How Do I Hurt Thee? Let Me Count the Ways 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
This research was designed to assess whether children view relationally manipulative behaviors (i.e., those behaviors labeled relational aggression in past research) as "aggressive." 2 studies were conducted to evaluate whether children view relationally manipulative behaviors as associated with 2 defining features of aggression, anger (Study 1) and intent to harm (Study 2). Results of Study 1 ( n = 459, 9–12-year-olds) indicated that relational aggression was the most frequently cited angry behavior for girls' interactions whereas physical aggression was the most frequently cited angry behavior for boys' interactions. Results of Study 2 ( n = 60, 9–11-year-olds) demonstrated that relational aggression and verbal insults were the most frequently cited harmful behaviors for girls whereas physical aggression and verbal insults were the most frequently cited harmful behaviors for boys. These studies provide the first evidence that children view relationally manipulative acts (relational aggression) as angry, harmful behaviors (i.e., as "aggressive"). 相似文献
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攻击行为是犯罪行为最好的预测指标。故试图以农民工攻击行为的实证研究为依据,探究农民工犯罪的深层原因,从而为解决构建和谐社会中农民工攻击行为提供策略和犯罪问题提供依据,希望在准确认识的基础上,为未来农民工犯罪预防和控制找准落脚点。本研究从内隐社会认知的角度对攻击性进行了实验研究。内隐攻击性用IAT测量,外显攻击性用自陈量表测量。研究结果表明:(1)农民工群体在内隐层面比非农民工群体存在对攻击性更强的偏好。(2)农民工群体两种问卷总分都明显高于非农民工群体,农民工群体在攻击问卷四个维度上的得分也明显高于非农民工群体。 相似文献
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Separate lines of research find that proaggressive attitudes promote peer aggression and that bystanders play a pivotal role in deterring or facilitating bullying behavior. The current study hypothesized that proaggressive attitudes in middle school would deter students from standing up to bullying and encourage them to reinforce bullying behavior. Middle school students (n = 28,765) in 423 schools completed a statewide school climate survey that included an aggressive attitudes scale and their bystander response to a recent episode of bullying, which was categorized as upstanding, reinforcing, or passive. Multilevel logistic regressions indicated that higher aggressive attitudes were associated with less upstanding behavior at the school level and less upstanding behavior and more reinforcing behavior at the individual level, while controlling for other school and student demographic variables. These findings suggest that antibullying programs might address student attitudes toward aggression as a means of boosting positive bystander intervention. 相似文献